初二英语英语Unit 1 Past and present重点语法和句型译林牛津八年级下.docx

1、初二英语英语Unit 1 Past and present重点语法和句型译林牛津八年级下Unit 1 Past and present一. 教学内容：Unit 1 Past and presentwords, phrases and sentences二. 教学目标：掌握Unit 1的词汇及词性变化和课文中的重点词组、句型的结构和用法Unit 1 Past and present（一）基础词汇过去，往事 past目前，现在 present(n. 现在，通常与过去、将来相对应。The past, the present and the future . 过去、现在和将来。at present.

2、此刻、现在: Im afraid I cant help you just at present. - Im too busy. 很抱歉，我现在帮不了你，- 实在太忙了。adj. 现在的。 the present day当今、现今。Most young people enjoy listening to popular music the present day. )刚刚 just(just, adv. 刚才。常用于完成时态，在美式英语中用于一般过去时。)I have just seen John. 我刚才见到约翰了。I just saw him. (a moment ago). ( U. S

3、) 我（几分钟前）看到他的。( U. S)自以来 since (since. 后面通常接点时间来表示一段时间。例如：since 1984 自从1984年一直到现在。since 3 days ago. 自从三天前一直到现在，也可以说成for 3 days 通常用how long提问。How long has your uncle lived here? Since 1980. )南方的 southern到时 till 已婚的 married (marry. vt. vi marry sb. 与某人结婚；嫁或娶某人。Jane is going to marry John. get married.

4、 get married to sb. 与某人结婚。 He is married to a famous writer. 他娶了一位著名作家。)在期间 over电影院 cinema变成，成为 turn/change(v. 改变 Our city has changed a lot. 我们城市变化了许多。change, n. 变化 a physical change 物理变化 a chemical change 化学变化)工厂 factory 过去常常 used to 废弃物 waste污染 pollute(pollution ,n. 污染, air pollution, noise pollu

5、tion, water pollution. pollute, v. We must stop the river from being polluted. 我们必须努力使河水不被污染。)意识到 realize 减少；减轻 reduce在某些方面 in some ways(in this/ that / another way. 用这种/那种/另外一种方法A new way of teaching. 一种新的教法A new way of playing. 一种新的玩法。way, n. 路。 on ones way 在路上on his way home. By the way. 顺便说一下，提一

6、下。By the way, wheres Jim? 顺便说一下，杰姆在哪？)有点儿 a bit寂寞的 lonely(lonely, alone的区别：lonely表示心灵内部的孤独寂寞。 alone 指单独、独自的意思。例如：He is alone, but he never feels lonely. 他虽然单身一人，但从不感到孤独寂寞。此外 lonely 还能表示荒凉的、偏僻的、偏远的 a lonely village 一个遥远的村庄)尤其，特别 especially丈夫 husband采访；会见 interview(n. 会见，含有面试、采访、面谈等多种意思。例如: I asked fo

7、r an interview with my boss. 我请求与我的老板面谈。I never give interviews. 我从不接受采访。v. 进行面试、采访的意思We interviewed 20 people for this job. 为了这份工作我们对20人进行了面试。Interview the President Bush. 采访布什总统。)不健康的 unhealthy倒霉的 unlucky(lucky , adj. luck, n. Good luck with your English study. 祝你英语学习好运。luckily. Luckily, he passed

8、 the exam. 幸运的是，他考试及格了。lucky. How lucky he is! 他多么走运啊！)使人不愉快的unpleasant(pleasant. Adj. 同根词 pleasure. n. with pleasure. Its my pleasure to help you with your English. pleased, adj. 通常描述人。He is pleased. pleasant , adj. 通常描述环境、地方、行程的舒适愉快。a pleasant trip. 一次愉快的行程)修补 repair句子 sentence近来 recently(通常与过去时态和

9、现在完成时态连用。Did she have a party recently? 她最近举办过聚会吗？Theyve recently bought a new car. 他们最近买了一辆崭新的汽车。)世纪 century曾经 ever拥有 own环境 environment新鲜的 fresh发展 development借给 lend服务 service放松 relax感受 feeling( n. a feeling of hunger 饥饿的感觉a feeling of joy. 快乐的感觉a feeling of danger. 对危险的预感have no feeling for others

10、 . 对别人漠不关心。feelings （复数）感情Youve hurt my feelings. 你伤了我的感情。)字典 dictionary最近的 recent描述 describe塔 tower独自（短语）by oneself实际上 in fact【典型例题】一、根据首字母提示，完成下列单词。1. Im not hungry. Ive e_. 2. Mrs Chen is very k_. She often helps us. 3. Mr Green is an e_ teacher from the USA. 4. Last night, o_ 5000 thousand peopl

11、e were at the concert. 5. I didnt know it was you. You have c_ a lot. 6. Uncle Wang has lived in this city s_ he was born. 二、根据提示完成句子，使句子意思完整1. It has been in _(工作，服务)since 2002 . 2. He is a _(不诚实的) boy . He often tells lies . 3. Now the air and water _ (污染) in this city is getting worse and worse .

12、 4. Have you heard about any exciting news _(最近)？5. Nothing is _(不可能的) if you put your heart into it .6. My parents got _(结婚) twenty years ago . 7. The _(环境) in Nanjing is more beautiful than before . 8. Dont _(倾倒) waste here . 9. Mr. Dong has been _（die） for over two years.10. _you _ your lunch yet

13、 （have）?11. The train _（arrive） just now. It _（leave） in a few minutes. 12. He has no friends and often feels l_.13. We will never forget the past and treasure the p_.14. My grandparents have lived in the small village s_ they were born.【答案】一、1. enough 2. kind 3. excellent 4. over 5. changed 6. sinc

14、e二、1. service 2. dishonest 3. pollution 4. recently 5. impossible 6. married7. environment 8. dump9. dead10. Have , had 11. arrived , will leave 12. lonely 13. present 14. since（二）词组过关1. in fact 实际上2. get married to sb. / marry sb 与结婚/ 嫁给（娶）某人3. move to / into / out of 搬到/进/出4. in the past (two year

15、s) 在过去(的两年中)5. turn into a park 变成一个公园6. miss my old friends / miss the train 怀念我的老朋友/错过火车7. play cards and Chinese chess 玩牌和下中国象棋8. the closing of the old airport 旧机场的关闭9. take off / land safely 安全地起飞/降落10. in some ways / in a way 从某种意义上/程度上讲11. feel a bit lonely from time to time 时不时地觉得有点孤独12. cha

16、nge a lot 改变许多13. have an interview with sb. /interview sb. 访谈某人14. hear about / of 听说15. in service/ in use 投入使用16. changes to Lantau Island 大屿山的变化17. go on holiday 去度假18. be surprised by the tall buildings 惊讶于周围的高楼19. over the years 几年来20. on ones own 独自21. agree with sb. /agree to do sth. 同意某人 /同

17、意做某事22. bring many benefits 带来许多利益23. cause many problems 导致许多问题24. win many awards 获许多奖25. have the same feeling 有同感26. used to do sth 过去常常做某事27. from time to time 时不时28. hear from 收到来信29. think of 想起某人【典型例题】一、用所给词的适当形式填空。1. We used to _(swim ) every day when we were children . 2. Would you like _(

18、have ) some more beef , Andy ?3. His mother agreed _(buy) him a new computer. 4. The plane landed _(safe) at last and everyone were happy. 5. Tom _ Mary last year. They _ for a year. (marry)二、选用词组的适当形式填空。from time to time turn into in the past live in change a lot _1_, 30,000 people lived in Sun cit

19、y . We had our own Chinese medicine shops , dentists and some restaurants . Now it has _2_. The place I _3_ has _4_ a park . I often meet old friends there . But pollution is a problem , many people have moved to other cities . So I feel lonely _5_. 三、同义句转换1. I came to school on my own. I came to sc

20、hool _ _. 2. Sometimes, I enjoy chatting with my friends after class. I enjoy chatting with my friends after class _ _ _ _. 3. It was often the home of wild animals. It _ _ be the home of wild animals. 4. Hong Kong has changed a lot over the years. There _ _ a lot of changes in Hong Kong over the ye

21、ars. 5. They no longer have a good environment. They dont have a good environment _ _. （notany more 不再people often ask me to spell my name and now I dont want to spell my name any more. 人们经常要我拼写我的名字，现在我不想再拼了。）四、完成句子1. 现在去大屿山很快捷。Now it is _ _ get to Lantau Island. 2. 这曾经是野生动物之家。It_ _ be _ _ _ wild an

22、imals. 3. 大屿山的变化带来了很多利益也引发了很多问题。The changes _ Lantau Island have _ many _ but they have also _ _ _. 4. 我很高兴听说你很快要来度假了。I am glad to hear that you _ _ _ _ holidays soon. 5. 自从那时起，他们就搬到加拿大了。_ _, they have _ _ Canada. 【答案】一、1. swim 2. to have 3. to buy 4. safely 5. married, have been married二、1. In the

23、past 2. changed a lot3. lived in4. turned into5. from time to time 三、1. by myself 2. from time to time 3. used to 4. have been 5. any more/longer四、1. fast to 2. used to, the home of 3. to, brought ,benefits caused many problems 4. are going to spend 5. Since then,moved to（三）重点句型及翻译1. I have known th

24、e place for many years. 我已经知道这地方许多年了。2. Has the place changed a lot? 这个地方变化大吗？3. There was once an old airport near the Kowloon Walled City. 九龙城附近曾经有个旧机场。4. It has become difficult to see my old friends. 要见老朋友已变得很困难。It + be +形 + (for sb) to do sth. 某人干某事怎么样 Its nice to have open space and pretty gar

25、den. 拥有开阔的空地和美丽的花园真好。Its good to drink a cup of water after you get up in the morning. 早上起床后喝杯水真的很好。5. We havent seen that film yet. 我还没看过那场电影。6. Eddie has lived with Millie since she was born. 自从米莉出生以来，埃迪就和她住在一起了。I have known it since I was very young. 自从我很小时我就熟悉它。I have heard of Liu Huan since I w

26、as very young. 自从我很小时就听说过刘欢。7. John has been to the USA a few times. 约翰去过美国好几次了。8. I have never read this story. 我从没看过这个故事。9. There have been many changes in Hong Kong. 香港发生了巨变。10. Things have changed a lot over the years. 这些年来情况发生了巨变。11. It used to be the home of many wild animals. 这过去常常是野生动物的家园。He

27、 used to be a history teacher. 他过去曾经是一个历史老师。He used to live in the country. 他过去常常住在农村。【典型例题】一、用所给词的适当形式填空。1. What are you doing at _(现在)?2. Air_(污染) today in our country is very serious. 3. Have you been to the school library _?( recent)4. Its i_ to laugh at others when they are in trouble. 5. D_ ar

28、e the persons who look after our teeth. 6. When was the new airport in Chek Lap Kok in _(被使用，服务)？7. I lived in Yangzhou and _(搬到) to Nanjing in 1998. 8. Teachers are often strict to us. _(实际上) they love us very much. 9. We had a school trip last week and enjoyed the f_ air in the country. 10. When t

29、he old people saw the plane landed s_ they got excited. 【答案】1. present 2. pollution 3. recently 4. impolite 5. Dentists6. service/use 7. moved 8. In fact/Actually 9. fresh 10. safely二、选择（）1. The old city has turned _ a beautiful park. A. on B. in C. off D. into（）2. Hurry up! The play _ already!A. has begun B. will begin C. begins D. began（）3. -Where is your mother? -She _ the supermarket to buy some food.