IEC61508标准术语.docx

1、IEC61508标准术语IEC61508标准术语(总25页)基本术语一、IEC 61508标准术语说明：以下术语摘录自功能安全标准IEC61508和国家标准GB/T20438。4。故术语标号也未曾改动。安全术语伤害 harmphysical injury or damage to the health of people either directly or indirectly as a result of damage to property or to the environment.由于对财产或环境的破坏而导致的直接或间接地对人体健康的损害或对人身的损伤。危险 hazardpotent

2、ial source of harm伤害的潜在根源危险情况 hazardous situationcircumstance in which a person is exposed to hazard(s)人暴露于危险的环境。危险事件 hazardous eventhazardous situation which results in harm导致伤害的危险情况。风险 riskcombination of the probability of occurrence of harm and the severity of that harm出现伤害的概率及该伤害严重性的组合。允许风险 tole

3、rable riskrisk which is accepted in a given context based on the current values of society根据当今社会的水准,在给定的范围内能够接受的风险。残余风险 residual riskrisk remaining after protective measures have been taken采取防护措施以后仍存在的风险。安全 safety freedom from unacceptable risk不存在不可接受的风险。功能安全 functional safety part of the overall sa

4、fety relating to the EUC and the EUC control system which depends on the correct functioning of the E/E/PE safety-related systems, other technology safety-related systems and external risk reduction facilities与EUC和EUC控制系统有关的整体安全的组成部分，它取决于E/E/PE安全相关系统，其它技术安全相关系统和外部风险降低设施功能的正确行使。安全状态 safe stateState o

5、f the EUC when safety is achieved达到安全时EUC的状态。合理的可预见的误用 reasonable foreseeable misuse Use of a product, process or service under conditions or for purposes not intended by the supplier, but which can happen, induced by the product, process or service in combination with, or as a result of, common hum

6、an behaviour由于产品、过程或服务加上人的行为习惯而导致的，或者作为人的行为习惯的一个结果有可能发生的，未按照供方要求的条件和用途对产品、过程和服务的使用。? 设备和装置 Equipment and devices功能单元 functional unit Entity of hardware or software, or both, capable of accomplishing a specified purpose能够完成规定目的的软件、硬件或两者相结合的实体。软件 software intellectual creation comprising the programs,

7、 procedures, data, rules and any associated documentation pertaining to the operation of a data processing system包括程序、规程、数据、规则以及相关的数据处理系统操作文档在内的智能创作。受控设备 equipment under control(EUC)equipment, machinery, apparatus or plant used for manufacturing, process, transportation, medical or other activities用

8、于制造、加工、运输、制药或其它活动的设备、机器、器械或成套装置。EUC风险 EUC risk risk arising from the EUC or its interaction with the EUC control system由EUC或由EUC与EUC控制系统相互作用而产生的风险。可编程电子（PE） programmable electronic（PE）可编程电子以计算机技术为基础，可以由硬件、软件及其输入和(或)输出单元构成。based on computer technology which may be comprised of hardware, software, and

9、 of input and/or output units举例：下列均是可编程电子装置：微处理器；微控制器；可编程控制器；专用集成电路（ASIC）；可编程逻辑控制器（PLC）；其它以计算机为基础的装置（智能传感器、变送器、执行器）。电气/电子/可编程电子 （E/E/PE）electrical/electronic/programmable electronicBased on electrical(E) and/or electronic(E) and/or programmable electronic (PE) technology基于电气（E）和/或 电子（E）和/或 可编程电子（PE）

10、的技术。举例：电气/电子/可编程电子装置包括：电机装置（电气）；使用电晶体的非可编程电子装置（电子）；以计算机技术为基础的电子装置（可编程电子）有限可变语言 limited variability languageSoftware programming language, either textual or graphical, for commercial and industrial programmable electronic controllers with a range of capabilities limited to their application能力范围局限于应用的

11、，用于工商业可编程电子控制器的，文本的或图形的软件编程语言。? 系统：一般概念系统 systemSet of elements which interact according to a design, where an element of a system can be another system, called a subsystem, which may be a controlling system or a controlled system and may include hardware, software and human interaction根据设计相互作用的一组元素

12、，可能包括相互作用的硬件、软件和人等。系统中的某一元素也可自成一个另外的系统，称为子系统，子系统可以是控制系统也可以是被控系统。可编程电子系统 (PES) programmable electronic system(PES)System for control, protection or monitoring based on one or more programmable electronic devices, including all elements of the system such as power supplies, sensors and other input dev

13、ices, data highways and other communication paths, and actuators and other output devices基于一个或多个可编程电子装置的控制、防护或监视系统，包括系统中所有的元素，诸如电源、传感器和其它输入装置，数据高速公路和其它通信路径，以及执行器和其它输出装置电气/电子/可编程电子系统 （E/E/PES）electrical/electronic/programmable electronic system(E/E/PES)System for control, protection or monitoring bas

14、ed on one or more electrical/electronic programmable electronic (E/E/PE) devices, including all elements of the system such as power supplies, sensors and other input devices, data highways and other communication paths, and actuators and other output devices.基于一个或多个电气/电子/可编程电子(E/E/PE)装置的用于控制、防护或监视的

15、系统，包括系统中所有的元素,诸如电源、传感器和其它输入装置，数据高速公路和其它通信途径，以及执行器和其它输出装置EUC控制系统 EUC control systemSystem which responds to input signals from the process and/or from an operator and generates output signals causing the EUC to operate in the desired manner对来自过程和(或)操作者的输入信号起反应，产生能使EUC按要求的方式工作的输出信号的系统。结构 architectureS

16、pecific configuration of hardware and software elements in a system在一个系统中硬件和软件元素的特定配置。模块 moduleRoutine, discrete component or a functional set of encapsulated routines or discrete components belonging together程序、分立部件、封装程序的一个功能集、或一组归并在一起的分立部件。软件模块 software moduleConstruct that consists of procedures and/or data declarations and that can also interact with other such constructs由规程和（或）数据说明组成的构造，并能与其它这样的构造相互作用。通道 channelElement or group of elements that in