届高考英语江苏版二轮习题第一部分 题型专练 专题一 单项填空.docx

1、届高考英语江苏版二轮习题第一部分 题型专练 专题一 单项填空 专题一单项填空题组一词汇辨析 1.(2019江苏苏北七市二模)We have already discussed this plan so next we should spare no effort to carry it out. A.at length B.at random C.at ease D.at best答案A句意:我们已经详细地讨论了这个计划,所以下一步我们应该不遗余力地去实施它。本题考查介词短语辨析。at length详尽地;at random随意地;at ease自在地,舒适地;at best充其量。根据句意可

2、知选A项。2.(2019江苏苏锡常镇教情调查二)Shall we go to the seven oclock performance or the eight? suits you fine.A.Whatever B.Whichever C.Whenever D.Wherever答案B句意:我们7点还是8点去看表演?都行,只要你方便。本题考查代词。根据句子结构可知,suits you fine缺少主语,whenever和wherever都是副词,不能作主语,排除C、D两项;问句是要在7点和8点之中作出选择,whatever没有范围,whichever可以表示选择的范围,故选B项。3.(201

3、9江苏南京、盐城三模)The maple trees turn a brilliant red in autumn, adding another to the colors in the harvest season.A.theme B.version C.category D.dimension答案D句意:秋天枫树变成了鲜红色,在收获季节里又增添了一种色彩。本题考查名词词义辨析。theme主题;version版本;category种类;dimension维度,方面。故选D项。4.(2019江苏南通、泰州七市第一次调研)To make a breakthrough in his scient

4、ific research, the scientist has been making a(n) amount of effort.A.modest B.miserableC.optional D.tremendous答案D句意:为了在他的科学研究中取得突破,这个科学家一直在付出巨大的努力。本题考查形容词词义辨析。modest不太大的,些许的;miserable痛苦的;optional可选择的;tremendous巨大的。故选D项。5.(2019江苏泰州一模)The autobiography Becoming by Michelle Obama, about her life in the

5、 White House, sold well once on the market.A.definitely B.essentiallyC.initially D.accurately答案B句意:米歇尔奥巴马的自传成为一上市就很热销,内容基本上是关于她在白宫的生活。本题考查副词词义辨析。definitely肯定地;essentially本质上,基本上;initially最初;accurately准确地。故选B项。6.(2019江苏苏锡常镇教情调查二)Wild applause when the crowd waiting heard the announcement of the arriv

6、al of the pop star at their community. A.made out B.broke outC.let out D.worked out答案B句意:当等待的人群听到这位流行音乐歌星来到他们社区的公告时,现场爆发出热烈的掌声。本题考查动词短语辨析。make out理解,辨认出;break out爆发;let out 发出;work out解决,计算出,锻炼身体。故选B项。7.(2019江苏南京、盐城三模)Id never wondered before whether or not he was kid-friendly. With one glance, I qu

7、ickly that he probably wasnt.A.agreed B.reportedC.explained D.decided答案D句意:以前我从来不想知道他是不是对儿童友好。看了一眼后,我立马确定他可能不是的。本题考查动词词义辨析。agree同意;report报道,报告;explain解释;decide判断,断定。故选D项。8.(2019江苏丹阳中学等三校联考试卷)It was a seemingly impossible task, but Helen, though physically challenged, carried on , until it was comple

8、tely fulfilled.A.instead B.yet C.regardless D.still答案C考查副词辨析。句意:这好像是不可能的任务,但是海伦,尽管身体残疾,不管怎样继续下去直到彻底完成。instead相反;yet还;regardless不管怎样;still仍然。故选C。9.(2019启东中学高三最后一模)The language in the companys statement is highly , thus making its staff confused.A.ambiguous B.apparent C.appropriate D.aggressive答案A考查形容

9、词辨析。句意:公司的声明中用的语言非常含糊,因此使得职员们非常困惑。ambiguous含糊的,不明确的;apparent明显的;appropriate适当的;aggressive有进取心的。由后面的“making its staff confused”可知,公司的声明非常含糊,故A选项正确。10.(2019高考原创押题预测卷02江苏卷)Theres always room for a story that can people to another place.A.transport B.adjust C.relate D.guarantee答案A考查动词辨析。句意:故事总能把人带往另一个空间

10、。transport运输,带入;adjust调整,适应;relate联系;guarantee保证。此题考查的是 transport的引申之意,即“带往”,故 A 项适合。11.(2018高考原创押题预测卷02江苏卷)The new bullet trains, also known as electric multiple units (EMU), boast top speeds of 400 kilometers an hour and a speed of 350 kilometers an hour.A.controversial B.consistentC.constructive

11、D.considerable答案B考查形容词辨析。controversial有争议的;consistent持续的;constructive建设性的;considerable相当多的。故 B 项适合。12.(2018扬州市高三第一学期期中检测试题)Playing with their peers, children learn toand not to do exactly what they want to do.A.c-o/mpromise B.c-o/mpeteC.contribute D.construct答案A考查动词辨析。句意:和同龄人玩耍,孩子们学会妥协,而不是做他们想做的事。co

12、mpromise 妥协;compete 竞争;contribute 捐献;construct构成。根据题意,选A。13.(2018无锡市第一中学第二学期期初考试)Once the massive rocket by SpaceX sprinted off (腾空而起)at about 3:45 p.m., everything seemed to as planned, from the activation of David Bowies (大卫鲍伊)music as the soundtrack to the pinpoint return of two reusable booster

13、rockets.A.take off B.go offC.set off D.pull off答案B考查动词短语辨析。句意:SpaceX的巨大火箭大约在下午3:45时腾空而起,一切似乎都在按计划进行,从作为配音的大卫鲍伊的音乐的激活到两个可重用的助推火箭的精确返回。take off起飞;go off进行;set off引爆;pull off脱去。根据语境,故选B。14.(2018无锡第一中学第二学期期初考试)Players of the Japanese game “Travel Frog” take care of the frogs and often come to feel a pet

14、 owner, expressing pride in being the “mother” of diligent and disciplined children or worrying about the growth of their children.A.little more than B.more thanC.no more than D.not more than答案B考查短语辨析。句意:日本的一款游戏“旅行青蛙”的玩家照顾青蛙,经常感觉自己不仅仅是一个宠物主人,也是勤奋的、有纪律的孩子的母亲,或者是担心孩子成长的母亲,并为此感到自豪。little more than仅仅是;m

15、ore than不仅仅;no more than仅仅,只是;not more than不超过。根据语境,故选B。15.(2018启东中学高三最后一模)Thanks to the special chemical of the soil in the mountainous area, this economic plant grows well there.A.c-o/mposition B.c-o/mpetence C.construction D.conclusion答案A考查名词词义辨析。句意:由于山区土壤里的特殊的化学构成,这种经济植物在那儿生长得非常好。composition构成,组

16、成;competence能力;construction建造;conclusion结论。根据chemical可知,composition符合句意,A选项正确。题组二谓语与非谓语1.(2019江苏无锡一模)I cant understand why he so angry. I meant no offence.Its typical of him to be so sensitive.A.must have been B.should have beenC.might have been D.can have been答案B句意:我无法理解为什么他竟然如此愤怒。我无意冒犯。他经常这样敏感的。本题

17、考查情态动词。根据I cant understand.可知,他生气出乎我的意料,应用should竟然,表示出乎意料;I meant no offence.用了过去时,说明事情发生在过去,应用should have done。故选B项。2.(2019江苏泰州中学、宜兴中学等校4月联合调研)I writing the papers scheduled, but my mothers illness interfered. I hope you will excuse me.A.am to have finished B.was to have finishedC.was to finish D.o

18、ught to finish答案B句意:我本可以按期完成论文撰写,但我母亲的病妨碍了(我完成)。我希望你能原谅我。本题考查虚拟语气。but后的句子表达了一个过去的事实,相当于if my mothers illness hadnt interfered;由此可见,设空处与过去事实相反,排除A项;ought to do表示应该去做某事,还没发生,排除D项;be to do表示将来必定要发生的事,排除C项;be to have done表示与过去事实相反,相当于would have done,故选B项。3.(2019江苏徐州第一次质检)Time has chosen “The Guardians”,

19、 a group of journalists who for their work, as Person of the Year, for taking great risks in pursuit of greater truths.A.will target B.have targetedC.will be targeted D.have been targeted答案D句意:时代周刊之所以将“守护者”一群因自己的工作而成为受攻击目标的记者评为年度人物,是因为他们冒巨大的风险追求更伟大的真理。本题考查动词的时态和语态。记者成为受攻击的目标,在评选之前已发生,但对现在有影响,应用现在完成时

20、的被动语态。故选D项。 4.(2019江苏南京、盐城一模)It is almost five years since Jimmy taught high school students and he as an interpreter in a foreign enterprise.A.served B.had servedC.is serving D.would serve 答案C句意:Jimmy不教高中学生已经差不多5年了,现在他在一家外企当口译员。本题考查动词的时态。since后接延续性动词,应从该动词结束点算起,即他现在不教书了,而是在外企当口译员,应用现在进行时,故选C项。5.(20

21、19高考原创押题预测卷02江苏卷)In the final of the World Indoor Championships, Su Bingtian locked a personal best of 6.42 seconds, the Asian record of 6.43, which he also set last month in Germany.A.to break B.breakingC.broken D.having broken 答案B考查非谓语动词。句意:在世界室内锦标赛决赛上,苏炳添创造了个人最好的 6.42 秒纪录,也打破了他上个月在德国创造的 6.43秒的亚洲纪

22、录。此题考查非谓语动词。逻辑主语为Su Bingtian,与 break为逻辑上的主动关系,故选B。6.(2019启东中学高三最后一模) the oil under the sea, the company has raised ample funds to develop petroleum exploration equipment.A.Exploiting B.Having exploitedC.To exploit D.Exploited答案C考查非谓语动词。句意:为了探索海底石油,该公司筹集了充足的资金来开发石油勘探设备。“ the oil under the sea”是目的状语,表

23、目的,应用动词不定式,故C选项正确。7.(2019盐城中学高三上学期第一次阶段性考试)One of the programmes organized by WPF is Food-for-Growth programme, people at risk.A.targeting B.targetedC.targeting at D.targets答案A考查非谓语动词。句意:由WPF组织的项目之一是Food-for-Growth项目,针对处于危险中的人们。“ people at risk”作定语修饰programme,programme与target是主动关系,用现在分词。target“以 (某特

24、定人群)为目标;针对”,是及物动词,无需介词。故选A。8.(2019泰州中学高三月考)fired, your health care and other benefits will be immediately cut off.A.Would you be B.Should you beC.Could you be D.Might you be答案B考查虚拟语气。 句意:你要是被解雇了,你的健康护理和其他的利益就会被立刻取消。本题的条件状语从句表示与将来相反的虚拟语气,从句里可以使用should+动词原形。省略了if,后面使用部分倒装。故B正确。9.(2019盐城中学高三上学期第一次阶段性考试

25、)He would be in better health now with too much work when young.A.had he not burdened himselfB.if he was not burdenedC.were he not burdenedD.had he not been burdened himself答案A考查虚拟语气。句意:如果年轻时他不是被太多的工作所累,他现在的身体将会更健康。根据语境可知,此处讲述与事实相反的事情,故用虚拟语气;由when young可推断,从句表示与过去相反的事实,谓语动词用过去完成时;且如果if省略,用部分倒装,had前置

26、。burden oneself with.“(使)担负(沉重或艰难的任务、职责等)”。故选A。10.(2019江苏苏北四市高三一调)Big data is the driving force behind this zones development, a steady stream of new big data construction projects constantly.A.being introduced B.introducingC.having introduced D.to be introduced答案A句意:伴随着源源不断的新大数据建设项目的不断推行,大数据成了该地区发展

27、的驱动力。考查分词的独立主格结构。独立主格结构的逻辑主语new big data construction projects和动词introduce之间为被动关系,且表示现在正在发生的事,需用being done,故选A。11.(2018江苏徐州高三考前模拟检测)Neon lights are affecting the birds biological clock, leading to them when they should be asleep.A.awaken B.being awake C.waking D.to wake答案B考查非谓语动词。根据lead to+doing sth

28、.可知在B、C中选,同时要和them搭配,故选择B项。12.(2018高考原创押题预测卷01江苏卷)A massive cyber-attack using tools believed from the US National Security Agency (NSA)has struck organizations around the world.A.to be stolen B.to have been stolenC.being stolen D.to steal答案B考查非谓语动词。句意:一场声势浩大的、据说是使用从美国国家安全局偷窃来的工具进行的网络攻击已经在全世界范围内攻击了多

29、个组织。该题是考查 believe 一词表“据说”,因为是已经发生的事情,且为被动,故选B项。13.(2018高考原创押题预测卷02江苏卷) what would happen the following day, they would have reconsidered their thoughts.A.Did they know B.Were they to knowC.Had they known D.Should they know答案C考查虚拟语气。句意:要是他们知道第二天会发生什么,他们就会重新考虑他们的想法的。本题考查的是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,且省略if,倒装,故C项正确。1

30、4.(2018启东中学高三最后一模)The educational reform is now under way throughout the country, the students more opportunities to develop to their greatest potential.A.to grant B.having grantedC.granting D.granted答案C考查非谓语动词。句意:全国正在进行教育改革,给了学生们更多发挥最大潜力的机会。“ the students more opportunities to develop to their grea

31、test potential”作状语,主语和grant之间是主动关系,故用现在分词。C选项正确。15.(2018江苏丹阳中学等三校联考试卷)All preparations in advance before attendants arrive, the board chairman is confident the annual conference will be a success.A.had been made B.madeC.having made D.to be made答案B考查独立主格结构。句意:出席人员到来前的所有准备工作已提前做好,董事长确信年会将取得成功。All preparations和make之间是被动关系,句子的主语是the board chairman,所以此处是独立主格结构,故选B。题组三句子结构1.(2019江苏苏州学业质量阳光指标调研)The Grapes of Wrath is a well-kno