1、中考英语重点词组短语和句型归纳2014年中考英语重点词组短语和句型归纳短语、词组归纳由动词开头构成的短语、词组很多。复习时应分类处理:一、动词+介词1look at看, look like 看上去像, look after 照料2listen to听3welcome to欢迎到4say hello to 向问好5speak to对说话此类短语相当于及物动词,其后必须带宾语,但宾语无论是名词还是代词,都要放在介词之后。二、动词+副词“动词+副词”所构成的短语义分为两类:A动词(vt.)+副词1put on 穿上 2take off脱下 3write down记下此类短语可以带宾语,宾语若是名词,
2、放在副词前后皆可;宾语若是人称代词,只能放在副词的前面。B动词(vi)+副词。1come on赶快 2get up起床 3go home回家4come in进来 5sit down坐下 6stand up起立此类短语属于不及物动词,不可以带宾语。三、其它类动词词组1.close the door2.1ook the same3.go to work/class4.be ill5.have a look/seat6.have supper7.1ook young8.go shopping9.watch TV/games10. play games介词短语聚焦“介词+名词/代词”所构成的短语称为介
3、词短语。现将Unitsl-16常用的介词短语按用法进行归类。1in+语言/颜色/衣帽等,表示使用某种语言或穿着2in + Row/ Team/ Class/ Grade等,表示“在排/队/班级/年级”等。3in the morning/ afternoon/ evening/ 表示“在上午/下午/傍晚”等一段时间。4in the desk/ pencil-box/bedroom 等表示“在书桌/铅笔盒/卧室里”。5in the tree表示“在树上 (非树本身所有)”;on the tree表示“在树上(为树本身所有)”。6in the wall表示“在墙上(凹陷进去)”;on the wal
4、l表示“在墙上(指墙的表面)”。7at work(在工作)/at school(上学)/at home(在家)应注意此类短语中无the。8at + 时刻表示钟点。9like this/that表示方式,意为“像这/那样”。10of短语表示所属关系。11behind/ beside/ near/ under+ 名词等,表示方位、处所。12from与to多表示方向,前者意为“从”,后者意为“到”。另外,以下这些短语也必须掌握。如:on duty, after breakfast, at night, at the door, in the middle, in the sky, on ones b
5、ike等。重点句型大回放1I think意为“我认为”,是对某人或某事的看法或态度的一种句型。其否定式常用I dont think2give sth. to sb./ give sb. sth. 意为“把给”,动词give之后可接双宾语,可用这两种句型;若指物的宾语是人称代词时,则只能用give it/ them to sb.3take sb./ sth. to意为“把(送)带到”,后常接地点,也可接人。4One, the other/One isand one is意为“一个是;另一个是”,必须是两者中。5Let sb. do sth. 意为“让某人做某事”,人后应用不带to的动词不定式,其
6、否定式为Dont let sb,do sth.,或Let sb. not do sth. 另外,Lets 与Let us的含义不完全相同,前者包括听者在内,后者不包括听者在内6help sb. (to) do sth./help sb. with sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”,前者用不定式作宾补,后者用介词短语作宾补,二者可以互换7What about?/How about?意为“怎么样?”是用来询问或征求对方的观点、意见、看法等。about为介词,其后须接名词、代词或V-ing等形式。8Its time to do/ Its time for sth. 意为“该做的时间了”,其中to后须接
7、原形动词,for后可接名词或V-ing形式。9like to do sth./like doing sth.意为“喜欢做某事”,前一种句型侧重具体的一次性的动作;后一种句型侧重习惯性的动作10ask sb.(not) to do sth. 意为“让某人(不要)做某事”,其中ask sb.后应接动词不定式11show sb. sth. / show sth. to do. 意为“把某物给某人看”,该句型的用法同前面第2点。12introduce sb. to sb. 意为“把某人介绍给另一人”;introduce to sb.则是“向某人作介绍”。重点短语快速复习1.kinds of 各种各样的
8、2. eitheror或者或者,不是就是3. neithernor既不也不4. Chinese tea without, anything in it 中国清茶5. take a seat 就坐6. home cooking 家常做法7. be famous for 因而著名8. on ones way to在途中9. be sick/ill in hospital生病住院10. at the end of在的尽头,在的末尾11. wait for 等待12. in time 及时13. make ones way to往(艰难地)走去14. just then 正在那时15. first o
9、f all 首先,第一16. go wrong 走错路17. be/get lost 迷路18. make a noise 吵闹,喧哗19. get on 上车20. get off 下车21. stand in line 站队22. waiting room 候诊室,候车室23. at the head of在的前头24. laugh at 嘲笑25. throw about 乱丢,抛散26. in fact 实际上27. at midnight 在半夜28. have a good time=enjoy oneself玩得愉快29. quarrel with sb. 和某人吵架30. ta
10、ke ones temperature 给某人体温31. have/get a pain in某处疼痛32. have a headache 头痛33. as soon as 一就34. feel like doing sth. 想要干某事35. stopfrom doing sth. 阻止干某事36. fall asleep 入睡37. again and again再三地,反复地38. wake up 醒来,叫醒39. instead of 代替40. look over 检查41. take exercise运动42. had better(not) do sth. 最好(不要)干某事4
11、3. at the weekend 在周末44. on time 按时45. out of从向外46. all by oneself 独立,单独47. lots of=a lot of 许多48. no longer/more=notany longer/more 不再49. get back 回来,取回 50. sooner or later迟早51. run away 逃跑 52. eat up 吃光,吃完53. run after 追赶54. take sth. with sb. 某人随身带着某物55. take(good) care of=look after(well) (好好)照顾
12、,照料56. think of 考虑到,想起57. keep a diary 坚持写日记58. leave one by oneself 把某人单独留下59. harder and harder 越来越厉害60. turn on打开(电灯、收音机、煤气等)61. turn off 关重温重点句型1So + be助动词情牵动词主语前面陈述的肯定情况也适于另一人(物)时,常用到这种倒装结构,表示“另一人(物)也如此。”前面陈述的否定情况也适于另一人(物)时,常用“Neither/ Nor + be助动词情态动词+主语”这种倒装结构。注意:“So+主语+be助动词情态动词”这一句型常用于表示赞同,进
13、一步肯定对方的看法,表示“的确如此。”“是呀。”2Turn rightleft at the firstsecondcrossing这一指路的句型意为“在第一二个十字路口向右左拐。”相当于Take the first secondturning on therightleft3It takes sbsome time to do sth此句型表示“干某事花了某人一段时间。”其中的it是形式主语,后面的动词不定式(短语)才是真正的主语4thinkfind + it + adj. + to do sth此句型中的it是形式宾语,不可用其它代词替代,形容词作宾语的补足语,后面的动词不定式(短语)才是
14、真正的宾语。5Whats wrong with?此句型相当于Whats the matter/ trouble with?后跟某物作宾语时,意为“某物出什么毛病了?”后跟某人作宾语时,意为“某人怎么了?”6tooto在sothat复合句中,that后的句子是否定句时,常与简单句tooto(太而不能)进行句型转换。在sothat复合句中,that后的句子是肯定句时,常与简单句enough to进行句型转换.7Sorry to hear that全句应为Im sorry to hear that. 意为“听到此事我很难过(遗憾)。”常用于对别人的不幸表示同情、遗憾之意。重点句型、词组大盘点1. S
15、he used to be a Chinese teacher. 她过去是一位汉语老师。用法 used to + 动词原形,表示过去经常性的动作或存在的状态,含有现在不再如此之意。搭配 used to do的否定式可以是usednt to do或didnt use to do.比较 used to do sth. 过去常做某事;be/ get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事;be used to do sth. 被用来做某事2.return it sooner or later.迟早要将它归还。用法 l)sooner or later意为“迟早”、“早晚”。2)return
16、此处用作及物动词,意为“归还”,相当于give back.拓展return还可用作不及物动词,意为“返回”,相当于go back或come back。3.No matter what the weather is like无论天气用法no matter what 相当于whatever,其意为“无论什么”,引导状语从句。拓展类似no matter what的表达方式还有:no matter when无论什么时候nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;no matter where无论什么地方no matter who无论谁no matter how 无论怎么样4. A young man practi
17、sed speaking English with Mr. Green.一位年经人与格林先生练习讲英语。用法practise doing sth. 表示“实践、练习(做)某事”。拓展practice名词,“实践”、“实施”、“练习”;put a plan into practice实行某计划。5. He encouraged everyone to take part in protecting our lakes, rivers, seas and oceans.他鼓励大家参加保护我们的湖泊、河流和海洋的活动。用法1)encourage用作动词,意思是“鼓励”、“支持”。2)take par
18、t in“参加”,常表示参加活动。3)protect 是动词,表示“防御”、“保护”。搭配1)encourage sb. in sth.在某事上鼓励或支持某人nbsp;encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人干某事2)protect sh. from sth.使某人不受某事侵袭或伤害6. to warn people about sharks in the water. 警告人们当心水里的鲨鱼。用法 warn用作动词,意思是“警告”、“警戒”。搭配1)warn sb.+ that从句2)warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事3)warn sb. to do sth.告诫
19、某人做某事4)warn sb. against(doing) sth.告诫某人当心某事/不要做某事重点句型、词组大盘点1. She used to be a Chinese teacher. 她过去是一位汉语老师。 用法 used to + 动词原形,表示过去经常性的动作或存在的状态,含有现在不再如此之意。 搭配 used to do的否定式可以是usednt to do或didnt use to do. 比较 used to do sth. 过去常做某事;be/ get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事;be used to do sth. 被用来做某事。短语总结1. It
20、s time for sth. 该到做某事的时间了.Its time to do sth.(Its time for sb. to do sth) 该到(某人)做某事的时间了.2. cant wait to do sth. 迫不及待地要求做某事.3. ask (tell)sb. (not )to do sth . 请(告诉)某人(不)做某事.4. make/let sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事.5. hear/see/sb. do sth 听见/看见某人做某事.6. had better(not )do sth 最好不做某事.7. Its better to do sth最好做某
21、事8. Its best to do sth最好做某事9. enjoy 喜欢做某事10. finish 结束做某事11. keep 继续做某事12. keep on doing sth. 继续做某事13. carry on 继续做某事14. go on 继续做某事15. feel like 喜欢做某事16. stop to do sth 与stop doing sth 停下来去做某事(与)停止做某事.17. forget/remember to do 与 forget/remember doing sth.忘记/记得去做某事(与) 忘记/记得曾经做过事.18. keep(precent,sto
22、p)sb. from doing sth阻止/防止/阻栏栽人做某事19. prefer.to 喜欢.胜过20. prefer to do sth. rather than do ath.宁愿做某事,而不原做某事.21. used to do sth.过去常常做某事.22. Whats wong with? .出了问题(事)?23. have nothing to do with. 与.无关24. be busy doing sth . 在忙于做某事25. too.to. 太以致知于不26. so that . 如此. 以致知于不27. such.that 如此. 以致知于不28. It tak
23、e sb. some time to do sth .某人做某事用了一些时间.29. spend .on sth.(doing sth.)花钱/时间做某事.30. pay.for sth.花费(钱)买某物.31. What /how about? .怎么样(好吗)?32. would like to do sth .想要/愿意做某事.33. I dont think that我认为不.34. Why not do sth.? Why dont you do sth .?为什么不做某事呢?35. What do you mean by.?你.是什么意思?36. What do you think
24、 of .(How do you like .)你认为.怎么样?37. Mike enjoys collecting stamps . So do I.迈克喜欢集邮.我也也喜欢.38. The more, the better . 越多越剧好.39. Thanks for doing sth.谢谢你做了某事.40. It is said that. 据说1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、 look at (感官动词)+ doeg :I like watching monkeys jump2 (比较级 and 比较级)表示越来越怎么样3 a
25、 piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟(容易)4 agree with sb 赞成某人5 all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一样6 all over the world = the whole world 整个 世界7 along with 同一道,伴随eg : I will go along with you 我将和你一起去the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样9 as you can see 你是知道的10 ask for 求助
26、向要(直接接想要的东西) eg : ask you for my book11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事 ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事13 at the age of 在岁时 eg:I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen14 at the beginning of 的起初;的开始15 at the end of +地点/+时间 最后;尽头;末尾 eg : At the end of the day16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候17
27、be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句 感觉/对什么有信心,自信eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test18 be + doing 表:1 现在进行时 2 将来时19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原) 能够 eg : She is able to sing She can sing20 be able to do sth 能够干什么 eg :she is able to sing21 be afrai
28、d to do (of sth 恐惧,害怕 eg : Im afraed to go out at night Im afraid of dog22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么eg: Im allowed to watch TV 我被允许看电视 I should be allowed to watch TV 我应该被允许看电视23 be angry with sb 生某人的气 eg : Dont be angry with me24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气25 be as原级as 和什么一样 eg : She
29、 is as tall as me 她和我一样高26 be ashamed to27 be away from 远离28 be away from 从离开29 be bad for 对什么有害 eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好30 be born 出生于31 be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事 be busy with sth 忙于32 be careful 当心;小心33 be different from 和什么不一样34 be famous for 以著名35 be friend
30、ly to sb 对某人友好36 be from = come from 来自eg :He is from Bejing He comes from Bejing Is he from Bejing ? Does he come from Bejing ?37 be full of 装满的 be filled with 充满 eg: the glass is full of water the glass is filled with water38 be glad+to+do/从句39 be going to + v(原) 将来时40 be good at(+doing) = do well in 在某方面善长, 善于41 be good for 对什么有好处 eg : Reading aloud is good for your English42 be happy to do 很高兴做某事43 be helpful to sb 对某人有好处eg : Rea
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