高考英语分类题库考点1单项填空含答案解析.docx

1、高考英语分类题库考点1单项填空含答案解析一、名词 - 2 -二、主谓一致 - 4 -三、冠词 - 5 -四、代词 - 7 -五、介词 - 11 -六、形容词 - 14 -七、副词 - 17 -八、动词和动词短语 - 19 -九、情态动词 - 25 -十、虚拟语气 - 29 -十一、时态 - 31 -十二、语态 - 39 -十三、非谓语动词 - 39 -十四、名词性从句 - 48 -十五、定语从句 - 51 -十六、连词和状语从句 - 56 -十七、省略 - 61 -十八、倒装 - 62 -十九、强调 - 64 -二十、情景交际 - 66 -考点1 单项填空一、名词1.(2013湖北卷T21)P

2、oetry written from theof the urban youth tends to reveal their anxiety over a lack of sense of belonging.A. perspectiveB.priorityC.participation D.privilege【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意:从城市青年的角度写的诗歌往往揭示他们因缺乏归属感而焦虑的现状。A项“角度”;B项“优先考虑的事”;C项“参加”;D项“特权”。根据句意可知选A项。2.(2013江苏卷T33)With inspiration from other food cultu

3、res, American food culture can take a for the better.A.share B.chance C.turn D.lead【解析】选C。考查名词的固定搭配。句意:受到其他饮食文化的启发,美国饮食文化有望好转。take a turn for the better为固定短语,意为“好转”。3.(2013湖北卷T22)Carbon dioxide, which makes abetween us and the sun, prevents heat from getting out of the atmosphere easily, so the eart

4、h is becoming warmer.A.difference B.comparisonC.connection D.barrier【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意:二氧化碳在我们和太阳之间设置了屏障,使得热量无法轻易从大气层散发出去,结果地球变得更暖和了。A项“不同,差别”;B项“比较”;C项“联系”;D项“障碍”。根据句意可知选D项。4.(2013江西卷T22)Whenever I made mistakes, the teacher pointed them out with.A.curiosity B.satisfaction C.envy D.patience【解析】选D。考

5、查名词辨析。句意:无论我什么时候犯错误,老师都耐心地把它们指出来。curiosity意思是“好奇”;satisfaction意思是“满意”;envy意思是“羡慕,嫉妒”;patience意思是“耐心”。根据句意,选D。5.(2013江苏卷T21) Generally, students inner motivation with high expectations from othersessential to their development.A.isB.areC.wasD.were【解析】选A。考查主谓一致。句意:一般说来,学生的内在动机和来自于他人的高期望值对他们的发展是必要的。此处考

6、查主谓一致中的就前原则,除了with外,还有together with, along with, as well as, but, except, rather than等。根据就前原则,谓语动词的数应与inner motivation一致,因此使用单数形式,排除B项和D项。然后根据generally确定使用一般现在时,因此答案为A。6.(2013浙江卷T4)As the worlds population continues to grow,theof food becomes more and more of a concern.A.worthB.supplyC.packageD.list

7、【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意:随着世界人口的持续增加,食物供应越来越受人们关注。worth价值,用途;supply供应;package包裹;list名单,清单。故选B。7.(2013辽宁卷T23)The accident caused someto my car, but its nothing serious.A.harm B.injury C.ruin D.damage【解析】选D。考查名词辨析。句意:这起事故对我的车造成了一些损伤,但是并不严重。A项指各种伤害、危害。常构成do harm to结构;B项指伤口,多指人体上的伤害;C项表示毁灭;D项多用于物品的损坏,是可以复原的。故

8、选D。8.(2013天津卷T7)While she was in Paris, she developed afor fine art.A.way B.relation C.taste D.habit【解析】选C。考查名词辨析。句意:在巴黎时,她对美术产生了兴趣。way方法,道路;relation关系,亲戚;taste味道,品味,欣赏;habit习惯。根据句意选C。二、主谓一致1.(2013福建卷T23)The famous musician,as well as his students,to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipe

9、i Flower Expo.A.were invited B.was invitedC.have been invited D.has been invited【解析】选B。考查主谓一致。句意:著名的音乐家及其学生受邀在2012年台北花博会开幕式上表演。as well as连接两个并列的名词作主语,谓语动词应和前面的名词一致,故排除A、C两项。本题只是陈述在过去的时间发生的事,故用一般过去时,由于the famous musician和invite之间是被动关系,故选B。2.(2013湖南卷T33)The university estimates that living expenses fo

10、r international students around $8,450 a year,whicha burden for some of them.A.are; is B.are; are C.is; are D.is; is【解析】选A。考查主谓一致。句意:这所大学估计一名国际生的生活开销每年大约是8 450美元,这对其中的一些学生来说是一大负担。living expenses生活开销,为复数名词,故谓语动词用复数;$8,450为金钱概念,谓语动词用单数。三、冠词1.(2013福建卷T21)The“Chinese Dream”isdream to improve peoples wel

11、l-being anddream of harmony,peace and development.A.the;aB.a;aC.a;theD.the;the【解析】选B。考查冠词。句意:中国梦是一个提高人民生活水平的梦,也是一个和谐、和平和发展的梦。两个空都表示泛指,故都用a。2.(2013新课标全国卷T13) (2013大纲版全国卷T33)Four andhalf hours of discussion took us up to midnight, andbreak for cheese,chocolate and tea with sugar.A.a;a B.the;the C.不填;t

12、he D.a;不填【解析】选A。考查冠词。句意:四个半小时的讨论让我们待到半夜,中间休息时,吃了一些奶酪和巧克力,喝了加糖的茶。表示“四个半”,英语用four and a half;break表示“中间休息”时,常用单数形式,在其前面加不定冠词。由此可知选A。3.(2013山东卷T22)It wascold winter night and the moon was shining brightly acrossnight sky.A.不填;a B.a;the C.the;a D.the;不填【解析】选B。考查冠词。句意:这是一个寒冷的冬夜,月亮在黑暗的夜空中闪闪发光。第一空属于泛指,这是一个

13、寒冷的冬夜;第二空sky为独一无二的事物,用定冠词the,所以选B。4.(2013浙江卷T15)People developpreference for a particular style of learning atearly age and these preferences affect learning. A.a;an B.a;不填 C.不填;the D.the;an【解析】选A。考查冠词用法。句意:人们在年龄很小的时候养成了对某种学习方式的偏爱,而这些偏爱又影响着学习。首先第一个空用a,因为have/develop a preference for.为固定句型;第二个空仍然用不定冠

14、词,因为此时age并不是特定的,而是不定的。故选A。5.(2013重庆卷T32)The parents were shocked bynews that their son needed _operation on his knee.A.a;/ B.the;/ C.the;an D.a;an【解析】选C。考查冠词。句意:父母被儿子膝盖需要动手术这个消息震惊了。这个消息特指“儿子膝盖需要动手术的消息”,故使用定冠词the;“手术”为可数名词并且是泛指,名词operation以元音音素开头,故使用an。6.(2013江西卷T32)Animals are obviouslylower form of

15、 life than_ man.A. a; / B. the; the C. a; the D. /; /【解析】选A。考查冠词。句意:很显然,比起人类来,动物是较低等的生命形式。a form of意为“一种形式”;man指“人类”时,前面不用冠词。故选A。7.(2013新课标全国卷T31)India attainedindependence in 1947, after long struggle.A.不填;a B.the;a C.an;不填 D.an;the【解析】选A。考查冠词。句意:印度在长期抗争后,于1947年获得独立。independence是不可数名词,在其前面通常不加冠词;st

16、ruggle表示“努力,奋斗”时,常用作单数,在其前面加不定冠词。8.(2013陕西卷T19)Marco Polo is said to have sailed onPacific Ocean on his way to Java inthirteenth century.A.the;a B.a;不填 C.不填;the D.the;the【解析】选D。考查冠词。句意:据说,在13世纪马可波罗在去爪哇岛的途中在太平洋上航行过。the Pacific Ocean固定搭配;第二空在序数词前,表特指,用定冠词the。故选D。四、代词1.(2013新课标全国卷T14) (2013大纲版全国卷T34)It

17、s an either-or situationwe can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we cant do.A.others B.either C.another D.both【解析】选D。考查代词。句意:只能二选一我们或者今年买新车或者去度假,但是不能两者都做。others其他的人或物;either两者中的任一个;another另一个;both两者。both.not/not.both是部分否定,意为“并非两者都”。根据语境可知此处指不能同时做两件事,故选D。2.(2013山东卷T21)Ive lived in N

18、ew York and Chicago, but dont like_ of them very much.A.eitherB.anyC.eachD.another【解析】选A。考查代词。句意:我曾经在纽约和芝加哥住过,但并不非常喜欢两者当中的任何一个。结合语境及but,A项either指两者中的任何一个,与not连用表全部否定,符合题意。B项any指三者及以上中的任何一个;C项each指每一个,与not连用,表部分否定;D项another指三者及以上中的另一个,均不符合句意,故选A。3.(2013浙江卷T11)Half ofsurveyed in 16 countries say they

19、go first to their closest friend to share their deepest wishes and darkest fears.A.these B.some C.ones D.those【解析】选D。考查代词的用法。句意:来自16个国家的被调查的人中,一半人说他们会在第一时间告诉他们最好的朋友最大的愿望以及最大的恐惧。those代指the people,此处有定语修饰,是特指。故选D。ones是泛指。4.(2013四川卷T2)The traffic on the main streets has a longer green signal than _on t

20、he small ones.A.oneB.thisC.thatD.it【解析】选C。考查替代词。句意:主干道上的交通比小街道的交通拥有更长时间的绿灯信号。A项指代前文的表泛指的单数可数名词;B项为指示代词,表示“这个”;C项指代前文不可数名词或表特指的单数可数名词;D项指代前文提到的那个事物。根据句意可知是不同街道的green signal在比较,故用that。5.(2013重庆卷T31)Recycling is one way to protect the environment; reusing is.A.another B.the otherC.one another D.one【解析】

21、选A。考查代词。句意:回收是保护环境的一种方式,再利用是另外一种方式。another表示“三者或三者以上中的另一个”,保护环境方式很多,故使用another;B项the other表示“两者中的另外一个”;C项表示“互相”;D项表示“一个”,相当于“a+n.”。6.(2013辽宁卷T29)To her joy, Della earned first the trust of her students and then _of her colleagues.A.that B.one C.ones D.those【解析】选A。考查代词。句意:令Della高兴的是,她首先赢得了学生们的信任,然后赢得

22、了同事们的信任。A项用来代替不可数名词或者是可数名词单数;B项代替可数名词单数;C项代替可数名词复数;D项用来代替“同名异物”的可数名词复数。trust是不可数名词,故选A。7.(2013天津卷T12)At our factory there are a few machines similar to _described in this magazine.A.them B.these C.those D.ones【解析】选C。考查代词。句意:我们工厂里有几台机器跟这本杂志上描述得很相似。those指代可数名词复数,特指,相当于the ones;ones指代可数名词复数,泛指。“describ

23、ed in this magazine”作修饰成分,故此处应是特指,指代前面machines,是复数,故选those。8.(2013陕西卷T22)Although Rosemary had suffered from a serious illness for years, she lostof her enthusiasm for life.A.some B.neither C.none D.all【解析】选C。考查代词。句意:露丝玛丽虽然多年患一种严重的病,但是她丝毫没有失去对生活的热情。some一些;neither两者都不;none没有,毫无;all所有,全部。根据句意选C。9.(201

24、3安徽卷T27)This project requires close teamwork. will be achieved unless we work well together.A. Nothing B. Anything C. Something D. Everything【解析】选A。考查代词。句意:这个项目需要密切合作。除非我们一起好好工作,否则将一事无成。nothing没有任何事,符合句意。anything任何事;something一些事;everything所有的事。10.(2013江西卷T23)can be good at something for 40 years if

25、he doesnt love it.A.Anybody B.Everybody C.Nobody D.Somebody【解析】选C。考查不定代词。句意:如果一个人不喜欢某件事,他就不会40年来一直做得那么好。A项意为“任何人”;B项意为“每人,所有人”;C项意为“没有人”;D项意为“某个人”。五、介词1.(2013安徽卷T31)If parents have children help with housework, the children will feel needed., they will learn to take care of themselves.A. On the cont

26、rary B. In a wordC. That is to say D. Whats more【解析】选D。考查短语辨析。句意:如果父母让孩子帮助做家务,孩子们会感觉自己被需要。而且他们还能学会照顾自己。whats more而且;on the contrary与此相反;in a word总之;that is to say那就是说。根据句意前后表示递进关系可知选D。2.(2013新课标全国卷T11) (2013大纲版全国卷T31)A serious study of physics is impossible_some knowledge of mathematics.A.against B.

27、before C.beyond D.without【解析】选D。考查介词。句意:如果没有一些数学知识,对物理进行严谨地研究是不可能的。against反对,倚靠,映衬,预防,相比;before在之前,才;beyond超出,在那一边;without(如果)没有。由此可知选D。3.(2013山东卷T34)The Smiths are praisedthe way they bring up their children.A.from B.by C.at D.for【解析】选D。考查介词。句意:史密斯一家由于抚养孩子的方式而受到表扬。be praised by.受到的表扬;be praised for

28、.由于受到表扬。结合语境,所以选D。4.(2013浙江卷T14)It will be a big help if you go to the store and get what we need for dinner., Ill set the table.A.As a result B.On the wholeC.In the meanwhile D.As a matter of fact【解析】选C。考查介词短语的用法。句意:如果你去商店购买我们晚餐需要的东西就算帮了大忙;同时,我会收拾好餐桌。as a result结果;on the whole总体来说;in the meanwhile与

29、此同时;as a matter of fact事实上。故选C。5.(2013辽宁卷T25)everyone here, I wish you a pleasant journey back to your country.A.By means of B.On behalf ofC.In search of D.For fear of【解析】选B。考查介词短语辨析。句意:我代表这里所有的人祝你回国旅途愉快。A项“通过方法”;B项“代表”;C项“寻找”;D项“唯恐,害怕”。6.(2013福建卷T29)Mrs.Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess,as h

30、er children are always whenever she tries to.A.in the way B.on watchC.in sight D.on the line【解析】选A。考查介词短语辨析。句意:史密斯夫人发现很难把房间整理干净,因为无论何时她想试着整理时,孩子们总是妨碍她。in the way挡道,妨碍;on watch值班,监视;in sight看得见;on the line处于风险状态。7.(2013北京卷T26)I have an appointmentDr.Smith,but I need to change it.A. to B. off C. with

31、D. from【解析】选C。考查介词用法。句意:我和史密斯医生有个预约,但我需要变更一下。have an appointment with sb.和某人有约。8.(2013湖北卷T30)An artist who was recently traveling on a ferry to the southern island discovereda long lost antique Greek vase.A.at random B.by chance C.in turn D.on occasion【解析】选B。考查介词短语辨析。句意:最近一个坐船到南方岛屿去旅行的艺术家偶然发现了一个丢失很久的古希腊花瓶。A项“任意地,随便地”;B项“偶然地”;C项“依次,反过来”;D项“有时,偶尔”。根