宾语从句专项复习总结.docx

1、宾语从句专项复习总结宾语从句专项复习 设计：郭绍强 April 27, 2015考点解读1.宾语从句的用法 2.复习宾语从句的三要素考点一:宾语从句引导词的选择考点二:宾语从句语序的变化考点三:宾语从句时态的变化3.宾语从句的同义句转换4.宾语从句的否定前移与反意疑问句的变化5.宾语从句与状语从句的结合考查的重难点中考对宾语从句的考查主要集中在三要素:温故知新引导词、语序、时态一.宾语从句的定义及结构 宾语从句是复合句重要成员之一,当一个从句用作主句的宾语时,就叫做宾语从句。在及物动词、介词等后面都可以接宾语从句。练习: 请判断以下句子中哪些是宾语从句1). My mother made me

2、 do my homework every day during the summer vocation.（ ）2). I know he is a teacher . （ ）3). This is the best book that I have read. （ ）4). I could ride a bike when I was ten. （ ）5). Jim is so strong that he can carry the heavy box . （ ）6). We are talking about whether we will go hiking. （ ）7). If yo

3、u drive too fast, you may have an accident. （ ）二. 宾语从句的三要素1.宾语从句的引导词(1) 当宾语从句由陈述句充当时,由that引导,连词that 只起连接的作用,在从句中不做成分,也无词义.常被省略.eg. I think (that) he is a great man.(2) 当宾语从句由一般疑问句充当时,由if或whether引导, 起连接作用,在句子中不作句子成分,译为“是否”。eg. Lucy wanted to know if whether you would go to a picnic with us. He asked

4、if whether Bill liked red.注意: if多用于口语中, whether多用于书面和一些较正式的场合,一般情况下二者可以互换,但下列情况只用whether。a.引导的从句作介词宾语时Everything depends on whether we have enough money.b.从句后面有or not 时I wonder whether he will come or not.c.后面跟动词不定式时Who can tell me whether to go or to stay ?d.从句转移到主句的前面Whether this is true or not .I

5、 cant say.(3) 当宾语从句由特殊疑问句充当时,特殊疑问词就是引导词,它们起连接作用,作句子成分,各有自己的意义。连接代词: Who, whom, whose, what, which连接副词; When, where, why, how.eg. Miss Luo asked Jim why he was late for school again.练习: 用适合的连词填空1). I am very happy _ you passed the exam.2). I am not sure _ you can come to the meeting on time tomorrow.

6、3). My mother is thinking about _ she will go on vacation. Maybe shell go to Shanghai.4). - Please tell me _ Jim is unhappy. - Because he lost his bike.5). - Could you tell me _ Mr.Smith is ？ - He is a teacher in a school.6). -I want to know _ dictionary this is. -Its Maxs.7). Could you tell me _ yo

7、ur new car cost ?8). I want to know _ the train leaves.9). Could you tell me _ Kate will arrive here at 9:00 this morning or not ?2.宾语从句的语序宾语从句要用陈述句语序,即 引导词+主语+谓语+其他成分注意: 在将疑问句变为宾语从句时,特别要将疑问语序还原为陈述句语序。带有宾语从句的复合句的标点符号,取决于主语的句式,与从句无关.若主句是陈述句,句末用句号;主句是疑问句则用问号。eg. Please tell me which class you are in.D

8、o you know who they are waiting for ?3.宾语从句的时态.（1）当主句是现在时的范畴,从句时态不受主句的限制.可根据具体情况选用适合的时态。eg. You know he has gone to Chongqing.I think he will leave sooner or later.He says he told her this matter yesterday .（2） 当主句是过去时态时,从句需用表示过去的某种时态.eg. She said that she would leave for Beijing the next day .Miss

9、Wang told me that she had been to Shanghai before. 注意: 当从句叙述的是客观事实，科学真理, 格言，谚语等，其时态不受主句的限制,都用一般现在时。eg. The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound。 My father told me that where there is a will，there is a way. 练习: 选出正确的语序和时态1).-Could you tell me _ ? - He is in the library. A:where Simon

10、was B:where is Simon C:where was Simon D:where Simon is2).-Hi, Daming. Its said that the famous singer will come to Qijiang. Do you know _ ? - Next month.A:when does he come B:when he comes C:when will he come D:when he will come 3).-Do you know _ the new mobile phone last week ? - Maybe 900 yuan. I

11、m not quite sure.A:how much she paid for B:how much will she pay forC:how much did she pay for D:how much she will pay for4).-What did Jack ask you just now ?-He wanted to know how long _ when I reached the cinema .A:had the film been on B:the film had startedC:the film had lasted D:had the film end

12、ed5).-Could you tell me _ ? He is wanted by the head teacher . - Sorry, Ive no idea . But he _ here just now. A:where Tim was ;was B;where is Tim ; was C:where Tim is ; was D:where Tim is ; is6). I hear Tom lives here, but Im not sure _ .A:which room he lives in B:which room does he live in C:he liv

13、es in which room D:in which room does he live7).The science teacher told us the earth around the sun. A: moved B: move C: moves D: to move三. 宾语从句的同义句转换1.当从句的主语与主句的主语或宾语是同一人时,且从句为wh- 疑问词或how引导的宾语从句,可以与(疑问词+不定式) 转换。eg. Could you tell me How I can get to the hospital?Could you tell me how to get to the

14、 hospital ? I dont know what I should do next.I dont know what to do next .2. 当主句的谓语动词是decide, hope等可以接不定式的动词时，且主句的主语与从句的保持一致时.可以直接改为谓语动词加不定式。eg. I hope that I can made great progress in my study .I hope to made great progress in my study.四. 宾语从句的否定前移与反意疑问句 1. 当主句的谓语动词是 think, believe, suppose，guess

15、等表意念或推测的动词,且主语是第一人称,否定时应前移。2. 当宾语从句要变成反意疑问句时，如果主句的谓语动词是 think, believe, suppose，guess等，同时主语为第一人称时，反意疑问句要由从句决定，否则由主句决定。eg. I think he will come back in 2 days .I dont think he will come back in 2 days .eg. We think she is a good teacher, isnt she? You think she is a good teacher, dont you?练习: 句型转换1).

16、 Could you show me how I can use QQ to chat with my friends ？（改为同义句） Could you show me _ _ _QQ to chat with my friends ?2). I hope I can forget all my problems. (改为同义句) I hope _ _ all my problems . 3). I dont think the boy is a student.(变为反义疑问句) I dont think the boy is a student, _ _ ?4). He believe

17、d many people could do it well.(变为反义疑问句) He believed many people could do it well, _ _ ?5). I think he can work out the problem. (否定句) I _ think he _ work out the problem.五. 宾语从句与状语从句的结合 If 和when 还可以引导状语从句，要注意区分判断从句类型。eg. I dont know if it will rain tomorrow . If it rains , we wont go on a picnic. H

18、e doesnt tell me when he will come. Ill telephone you when he comes. 综合检测：1).We havent decided _ well go to Shanghai next week.A:where B:when C:why D:how2). -Could you tell us _ - Because the traffic is bad . A:if she comes late B:how does she come late C:why does she come late D:why she comes late3

19、). -That actor often joins in different activitiies in Beijing. Do you know _? -For 5 years.A:how soon he will come back B:how long he has stayed thereC:when he went there D:when he will come here 4).-Did Mrs. King leave a message ?-Yes. She wanted to know _ this SundayA:who you would go shoppingB:i

20、f you would go shopping with herC:that you will go shopping D:when will you go shopping with her5).-Does anyone know _ -I hear that he was born in Swnden.A:what he is B:when he was bronC:where he comes from D:which country is he from6). I dont know if Jack _ . If he _, call me , please.A:will come ; will comes B:comes;come C:comes;will come D:will come ; comes