英语非谓语动词完整版.docx

1、英语非谓语动词完整版【英语】非谓语动词(完整版)一、单项选择非谓语动词1John always gets up early in the morning _ energetic and ready to start a new day.Afeel Bto feelCfeeling Dfelt【答案】C【解析】考查现在分词。句意：John总是一大早起床，感觉精力充沛并准备开始新的一天。现在分词做伴随状态。故选C。2With Fathers Day around the corner, I have taken some money out of the bank _ presents for m

2、y dadAbuy Bto buy Cbuying Dto have bought【答案】B【解析】句意：父亲节将要到来, 为了给爸爸买礼物我已经从银行取了一些钱。题干中空格划在名词后, 但是空格后的部分不是对bank解释说明, 而是说明取钱的目的, 因此此题中非谓语动词做目的状语, 非谓语动词中不定式做状语用来表示目的, 因此选择B3The lecture, _at 7:00 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes.Astarting Bbeing startedCto start D

3、to be started【答案】A【解析】选A start与逻辑主语the lecture之间为主动关系，故排除B、D两项。不定式作定语时，常表示动作尚未发生，故排除C项，此处用现在分词作后置定语，表示主动。第四步：根据与谓语动词的先后关系确定时态非谓语动词表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前用过去分词或v.ing形式/不定式的完成式；如果同时进行用v.ing形式或不定式的进行式；如果非谓语动词表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之后用不定式的一般式。4Can I smoke here? Sorry. We dont allow _here.Apeople smoking Bpeople s

4、moke Cto smoke Dsmoking【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：-我可以在这里吸烟吗？-对不起，我们不允许在这里吸烟。allow sb to do 允许某人做某事；allow doing允许做某事。根据句意故选D。考点：考查冠词的用法。5_ at the cafeteria before, Tina didnt want to eat there again.AHaving eaten BTo eatCEat DEating【答案】A【解析】试题分析：分析句子结构可知，主句主语为Tina，前半句为从句，应该用非谓语动词作状语，故排除C。不定与主要表目的和将来，故排除B。主句主语

5、和eat之间为主动关系，且eat这个动作发生在主句动作之前，故要用现在分词完成时表示。故选A。考点：考查非谓语动词作状语6When we saw the road _ with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home.Ablock Bto blockCblocking Dblocked【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当我们看到路上被雪覆盖时，我们决定在家里度假。此处用非谓语动词作宾补，动词block与see的宾语the road之间为被动关系，构成短语see sb/ sth done。故选D。7The sign on the

6、wall of the library says, “No magazine is allowed out of the reading room”.Abeing taken Bto takeCto be taken Dtaking【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：图书馆墙上的牌子上写着：“杂志不允许带出阅览室。”be allowed to do“被允许做”。根据句意可知，此处应使用被动式。故C选项正确。8Weve had a good start, but next, more work needs _to achieve the final success.Abeing do

7、ne Bdo Cto be done Dto do【答案】C【解析】试题分析： 句意：我们有一个好的开端，但是下一步需要做更多的工作得到最后的目标。Need doing或need to be done需要被做，所以选C。考点：考查非谓语动词9More highways have been built in China, _ it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.Amaking Bmade Cto make Dhaving made【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国修建了越来越多的高速公路，人

8、们更加方便从一个地点到另外一个地点。空格后面是it，说明是主动关系，排除B；不能选择C的原因是to do作目的状语，不符合句意；根据句意可知，此处是现在分词做结果状语。故选A。10_ to think critically is an important skill todays children will need for the future.ALearn BLearnedCLearning DHaving learned【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动名词。句意：学会批判性思维是当代小孩未来所必需的重要技能。句子缺少主语成分，而过去分词、动词都不可以作主语，此处用动名词作主语，故选C。1

9、1Mrs. Taylor went around the shops, _ what she thought was necessary.Aordered BorderingCto have ordered Dhaving been ordered【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查现在分词。句意：泰勒太太逛了商店，订购了她认为必要的东西。分析句子可知，Mrs. Taylor 与order在逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故选B项。12I looked up and noticed a snake _ its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.At

10、o wind Bwind Cwinding Dwound【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我抬头向上看，注意到一条蛇正在蜿蜒向树上爬来获取它的早餐。分析句子可知，wind its way作宾语补足语，winding its way与宾语snake之间为主动关系且此动作正在进行，故选C。13(北京)_ over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.AOrdering BTo orderCHaving ordered DOrdered【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：(因为)那些书是一周多之

11、前订的，现在随时有可能送到。books和order是动宾关系，即order the books/the books are ordered，故用过去分词表示被动和完成，在此相当于原因状语从句because they were ordered.，故选D。【点睛】分词作状语1. 分词作时间状语相当于when引导的时间状语从句；on doing sth. =as soon as sb. does sth.。2. 分词作原因状语相当于as，since，because引导的原因状语从句。3. 分词作方式或伴随状语不能用状语从句替换，但是可以改写成并列句。4. 分词作条件状语相当于if, unless等引

12、导的从句。常见的可表示条件的分词有given, supposing, considering, provided, compared with等。5. 分词作结果状语相当于so that引导的结果状语从句。分词前常有副词thus，thereby，only等。6. 分词作让步状语相当于though或者even if等引导的让步状语从句。14Someone who lacks staying power and perseverance is unlikely to _ a good researcher.Amake BturnCget Dgrow【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。make表示“发展

13、成为(=develop into)”，是及物动词；turn表示“变成，成为”是不及物动词；get“变成，做成”是不及物动词；grow表示“生长，成长”。根据句意“缺乏智能和毅力的人是不可能成为一个好的研究人员的。”及句式结构可知，此处应使用及物动词表示“使成为”之意，make a good researcher 意为“成为一个出色的研究者”。故最佳答案应为A项。15_ their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.ATo throw BThrown CBeing thro

14、wn DThrowing【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查现在分词做状语。句意：获胜球队的粉丝把帽子扔到天空，他们发出胜利的欢呼。分析句子结构可知，逗号前的部分充当状语，故用非谓语动词，the fans和throw是主动关系，故用现在分词形式，故选。16The famous book Frankenstein, _ by British novelist Mary Shelley, is the first work of science fiction.Awriting Bhaving writtenCwritten Dwas written【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查过去分词。句意：

15、由英国小说家Mary Shelley所著的著名小说Frankenstein是第一部科幻小说。句中the famous book Frankenstein与动词write构成被动关系，要用过去分词短语written by British novelist Mary Shelley做定语，相当于定语从句which was written by British novelist Mary Shelley。故C项正确。17With the homework _, the students can go to have a picnic.Abeing done BdoneCdoing Dto do【答案

16、】B【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：做完作业后，学生们就可以去野餐了。此处是with的复合结构，homework和动词do是被动关系，用过去分词表被动，指作业被做，过去分词在句中作宾补。故选B。【名师点睛】with复合结构“with复合结构”也是独立主格结构的一种，同样十分重要。在句中表示“原因，结果，伴随，方式”等情况。(1)with + 宾语 + 形容词The children were listening to the teacher with their eyes wide open. （表伴随）(2)with + 宾语 + 介词短语The old man used to take a

17、walk with a stick in his hand. （表方式）(3)with + 宾语 + 副词The proud girl walked away with her head up. （表方式）(4)with + 宾语 + 现在分词Mary felt very shy with so many eyes looking at her. （表原因）(5)with + 宾语 + 过去分词If you sit looking away from a person, or with your back turned, you are saying you are not intereste

18、d in that person. （表方式）本题就是考查此结构，homework和动词do是被动关系，用过去分词表被动，指作业被做，过去分词在句中作宾补。(6)with + 宾语 + 不定式With too much work to do the next day, he felt anxious and didnt sleep well. （表原因）一般说来，with 复合结构放在句末多表示伴随状况；若放在句首，则多表示“原因”或“条件”，例如：With her mother away from home, the little girl felt lonely. 由于她妈妈不在家，这个女

19、孩感到很孤单。With the guide leading the way, I had no difficulty finding their village. 因为向导带路，我没怎么费事就找到了他们的村子。18John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work _， he gladly accepted it.Afinished BfinishingChaving finished Dwas finished【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意John接到一张宴会的邀请，他的工作已经完成，他高兴地接受了。这里含有with复合结构，动

20、作finish与his work之间是被动关系，故用过去分词，选A。考点：考查with复合结构,X,K19We will gather for the community service at the school gate at 8 tomorrow morning unless .Aotherwise informing Botherwise being informedCotherwise informed Dhaving otherwise informed【答案】C【解析】考查让步状语从句省略现象。这里otherwise informed补充完整应是otherwise we are

21、informed，但是因前后主语一致，所以省略主语，系动词。而我们应该是被通知，不是主动的。句意：我们将于明天早上八点在学校门口进行社区服务，除非另有通知。故选C。考点：考查动词的过去分词。20_ that the govemment can lead them out of the financial crisis, people are optimistic about the future of the country.AConvincing BConvincedCTo convince DHaving convinced【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：确信政府会带领他们走出经济危机，

22、人们对国家的未来很乐观。B. Convinced adj. 确信的；深信的; A. Convincing adj.令人信服的; C. To convince 使确信，不定式表目的; Convince 使确信,该句中意思为使人们相信,故对people来说是被动的,故应选convinced选B。考点：考查非谓语动词的用法。21The young man, _ in heavy traffic on the way, got home an hour later than usual.Acatching Bcaught.Chaving caught Dto be caught【答案】B【解析】试题分

23、析:句意：这个年轻人，在路上堵车了，比往常到家晚了一个小时。Be caught in“陷入”，做状语时省掉be动词，表示状态，选B。考点：考查非谓语动词22Im calling to enquire about the position _in yesterdays China Daily.Aadvertised Bto be advertised Cadvertising Dhaving advertised【答案】A【解析】【详解】A句意：我打电话来咨询一下昨天中国日报上刊登职位的信息。the position与advertise是被动关系，用过去分词作定语。此处的过去分词可以理解为一个定

24、语从句which was advertised。23Due to the present school shootings, the only way the president could imagine _ such tragedies was to ban guns across the US.Ato prevent Bpreventing Cprevented Dhaving prevented【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：鉴于目前的校园枪击事件，总统所能想到的防止此类悲剧发生的唯一方法就是在全美禁止枪支。此处修饰the only way需用不定式做后置定语，短语th

25、e only way to do sth.表示“做某事的唯一方法”。故选A。24Clearly and thoughtfully_, the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.Awriting Bto writeCwritten Dbeing written【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这本书写得既清楚又意味深长，该书激励了那些希望寻求自己的答案的学生的自信心。根据write与the book是被动的关系，所以要用过去分词作状语。故选C。25China Nationa

26、l Womens Volleyball Team made great achievements, _ them a symbol of the spirit of China.Ato make Bhaving made Cmade Dmaking【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国国家女排取得巨大成就，使得他们成为了中国精神的象征。根据句意，_ them a symbol of the spirit of China是理所当然的结果，用现在分词表示理所当然的结果，且“make them a symbol of the spirit of China”这一动作不先于“made

27、great achievements”这一动作，故不用完成时。故选D。【点睛】当分词做状语的时候，如果构成分词的动词与句子的主语构成主动关系，就使用现在分词做状语；当二者构成被动关系，使用过去分词做状语。如果分词的动作发生在谓语动词之前，就使用分词的完成式。如果分词与句子的主语没有关系，可以使用状语从句或者独立主格结构。26_,the student insists that he be separated from his desk-mate,who is naughty.ATo avoid being affected BTo avoid to be affectedCAvoiding b

28、eing affected DAvoiding to be affected【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了避免受到影响，这些学生坚持要求他应该和他同桌分开，（因为）他同桌非常的淘气。固定短语avoid doing sth“避免做某事”，如果为被动，则为avoid being done，由此排除B、D；从句意来看，逗号前面部分应该是目的状语。而放句首的目的状语一般就是不定式，而不是现在分词。由此排除C，故选A。【点睛】avoid是高中要求四会的词，考生必须记牢它的用法，此题是综合考查题，既考查了非谓语动词的用法同时又考了avoid的用法，这是高考命题的趋势。insist的宾

29、语从句的用法一般分为两种情况：1）如果insist翻译为“坚持说/坚持认为”，且宾语从句的动作为已经发生的情况，此时宾语从句采用正常的陈述语气。如：He insisted that he was right. 他坚持说/认为他是对的。2）如果insist翻译为“坚决主张/要求”，即宾语从句的动作当时尚未发生，此时宾语从句必须采用虚拟语气，构成为从句谓语动词用“(should) + 动词原形”，其中should可以省略。如：He insisted that he (should) be praised for what he had done.3）此题中的insist所引导的宾语从句采用了虚拟语

30、气，即he be separated. = he should be separated.27With a lot of difficult problems _, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.Asettled BsettlingCto settle Dbeing settled【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于许多困难的问题要解决，新当选的总统日子很不好过。动词不定式to settle作定语表示现在或将来要解决的难题；过去分词settled作定语表示已经解决的难题；现在分词的被动式being settled作定语表示正在被解决的难题。所提供的语境the newly-elected president is having a hard time说明新任总统现在和将来都有难以解决的问题，所以要用to settle作定语。故选C项。【点睛】with结构是许多英语复合结构中最常用的一种。学好它对学好复合宾语结构、不定式复合结构、动名词复合结构和独立主格结构均能起很重要的作用。with结构：with + 宾语（名词或代词）+ 宾补（介词短语，形容词，副词现在分词，过去分词，不定式）,是一个