1、中考英语专题复习 完形填空完形填空 完形填空是一种测试考生综合运用英语语言知识能力的一种题型,它集阅读理解能力与语言应用能力考查于一体,考查考生在阅读理解基础上,在一定语言情景下灵活运用词汇的能力。它首先要求考生具备较强的阅读能力,具备能根据短文所给线索,捕捉相关信息,进行分析判断、逻辑推理的能力,它还要求考生能熟练运用所学词汇、语法、习惯用语及交际用语等语言知识进行填词,考查了使用语言的准确性。由于完形填空属于有障碍性的阅读,考生对阅读这些含有空缺单词的短文没有把握、困难较大,所以往往望题生畏。因而完形填空历来是中考中考生失分率较高的题型。义务教育新教材使用之后,完形填空试题的难度逐渐增大。
2、以往完形填空试题的考点主要集中在词汇、语法、句法上,对语篇背景考虑不多,近年来考查的重点已由在语篇中考查语法逐渐转向对语篇的整体理解。比如多数试题所设选项如单从语法角度来判定都是正确的,但一旦联系语篇内容,则只有一个正确答案。由于难度的提高,使完形填空成为考生最棘手题型之一,感到既容易丢分又难于进行复习。要完成好完形填空试题,考生除必须掌握一定的语法、词汇知识外,还有赖于提高阅读理解能力。因为只有看懂了短文才能确定正确答案。另外考生还要有计划地多做一些完形填空的练习,逐渐增加训练的频度,提高训练的难度,通过训练提高阅读理解能力,做到能根据短文所给线索和信息进行分析、推理、归纳、判断,进一步提高
3、词语辨析和灵活运用的能力。只有通过平时多读多练,不断拓宽知识面,进一步了解英美风土人情等有关文化背景知识,熟练掌握英语习惯用语的表达等,才能为正确完成完形填空试题提供前提保障。做“完型填空”题应遵循下列步骤:1、通读全文,了解大意 做这类题目是,首先应该把文章通读一遍,了解一下文章的大概内容。千万不要读一句填一句,因为“完形填空”题里所给的大多数选项填入单句后都可成立,但从全文看又不可取。2、瞻前顾后,逐步填空 了解文章大意之后,就可逐步填空。 一般来说,文章后面所给的选择答案可分三类:一类是语法正确,而意思不对;另一类是意思正确,而语法错误;第三类是语法正确,意思也正确。在选择答案时,一定要
4、考虑到上下文的意思,还要考虑到句子的结构,习惯用法,固定搭配和词类的功能,尽量使选出的答案及复合语法又符合原文的意思。3、认真复查,适当调整 填空全部做完以后,应把短文从头到尾再读一遍,检查一下填空以后的文章是否连贯,情节是否合理,语法结构是否正确。一般来说,如果意思连贯,情节合理,语法结构正确,就意味着选答没有问题;如果发现个别填空使文章文理不通,语法结构有问题,就说明选答不正确。对这样的填空应该认真推敲,进行调整。一、社会现象类1It seems that the cities in the future will have to change. Because the worlds po
5、pulation _1_ , there will be _2_ people in the cities tomorrow. It may be _3_ for any family to live in a house with land around it. There_4_enough space for them. _5_to solve this problem may be the skyscraper city (摩天城). The highest building in the world today is in Taipei. Its about 509 metres hi
6、gh. The skyscraper cities in the future will be many times_6_. In a skyscraper city about 250,000 people will live. Nearly a million people can _7_in four of thesegreat buildings. Each skyscraper city will have four towns in it and each town will have ten villages. Theywill live, work and _8_their f
7、ree time in them. They wont need to leave the city _9_they want to. They will be able to move about in the city by transport controlled _10_computers. Lets imagine howthe life will be then1.A. has grown B. is growing C. are growing D. have grown2A. many B. much C. more D. larger3A. impossible B. pos
8、sible C. important D. necessary4A. arent B. wont be C. wont have D. havent5A. A way B. A road C. An answer D. An idea6A. lower B. shorter C. taller D. higher7A. live B. study C. work D. be8A. spend B. cost C. pay D. take9A. until B. when C. while D. unless10A. by B. at C. with D. in名师点评这篇短文主要介绍了好像将来
9、城市不得不改变,因为世界人口的增长,将来城市里会有更多的人。人们没有足够的空间,所以解决这个问题的方法可能是摩天城。将来的生活会是什么样的呢?1考查动词及语境的理解。因为世界的人口在增长。用现在进行时表示增长的过程。故选B.2考查形容词及语境的理解。将来城市里会有更多的人,more表示更多,是many 和much 的比较级,故选C。3考查形容词及语境的理解。对于任何一个家庭来说,住在周围有土地的房子里是不可能的。impossible是不可能的,故选A。4考查时态及语境的理解。将不会有他们足够的空间。此句是there be 句型的将来时,故选B。5考查名词及语境的理解。解决这个问题的方法可能是摩
10、天城,way 表示方式,方法。故选A。6考查形容词及语境的理解。将来城市的摩天城可能比现在的高好多倍。表示建筑物的高应用high故选D。7考查动词及语境的理解。将近100万人可以住在四个这样的大建筑物里。故选A。8考查动词及语境的理解。他们会在摩天城里工作生活,度过他们的空余时间。spend在此表示度过。故选A。9考查连词及语境的理解。如果他们不想离开这个城市,他们就不必离开这个城市。unless如果不,故选D。10.考查介词及语境的理解。他么在这个城市里活动所用的交通被电脑控制。故选A。2In America, where labor (劳工) costs are so high, do-i
11、t-yourself is a way of life. Many people _1_ their own cars, build their own garages, and even rebuild their own houses. _2_ many of them will also write their own books. In Hollywood there is a _3_ that publishes(出版) childrens books with the help of computers. _4_ other book companies also publish
12、that way, this company is not like the others. It _5_ the reader to become the main character with the help of computers. Here is _6_ they do it. Let us suppose a child is named Hody. The computer uses this information to make up a story_7_ pictures. The story is then printed up. This book is about
13、me, a child who _8_ such a book might say. So the company is called the Me-Books Publishing Company._9_ like me-books because they like to see in print their own names, their pictures, and the names of their friends and their pets. But more _10_ , in this way, readers are much more interested in rea
14、ding the stories. Me-books are helping children to learn how to read.1A. make B. build C. buy D. repair2A. Otherwise B. Only C. Once D. Soon3A. director B. person C. company D. computer4A. However B. Although C. That D. Unless5A. allows B. hates C. hires D. pays6A. what B. how C. why D. where7A. wit
15、h B. about C. for D. except8A. prints B. borrows C. sells D. receives9A. Writers B. Children C. Companies nD. Friends10A. impossible B. imaginative C. important D. inactive名师点评这篇文章主要讲述了在好莱坞有一个很特别的出书公司,他可以写读者自己的故事,把名字写在书上,这样可以吸引很多人去读。1考查动词及语境的理解。A. make让; B. build建造; C. buy买; D. repair修理;根据句意在美国,劳动(劳
16、工)成本如此之高, “做你自己”是一种生活方式。许多人做出自己的汽车,建立自己的车库,甚至重建自己的房屋。故选D2考查副词及语境的理解。A. Otherwise否则;B. Only仅仅,只; C. Once 曾经;D. Soon不久;根据句意不久他们中的许多人们也将写自己的书。根据题意故选D3考查名词及语境的理解。A. director导演; B. person 个人; C. company公司; D. computer电脑。句意:在好莱坞,有一个在电脑的帮助下出版孩子书的公司。结合题意故选C4考查连词及语境的理解。根据文意可知,尽管其他的出书公司也出版。A. However然而;B. Alt
17、hough尽管; C. That那个; D. Unless除非;根据意义故选B.5考查动词短语短语及语境的理解。Allow sb to do sth表示允许某人做某事;句意;这个公司不像其他的公司,他让读者在电脑的帮助下变成书中的人物。结合以上内容,应选A6考查疑问词及语境的理解。A. what什么; B. how怎样; C. why为什么; D. where在哪;此处:以下就是他们怎么做的,根据题意故选B7考查介词及语境的理解。A. with带有,具有; B. about 关于; C. for为了; D. except除了;根据句意这个电脑用这个信息编了一个带有图片的故事,故应选A。8考查动
18、词及语境的理解。A. prints打印; B. borrows借; C. sells买; D. receives收到;该句收到如此一本书的男孩可能会说:“这本书是关于我的”,故选D9考查连词及语境的理解。A. Writers作家; B. Children孩子们; C. Companies 公司;D. Friends朋友们;句意:孩子们喜欢像我这样的书,因为他们想看到打印自己的名字。根据句意故选B10考查感叹句及语境的理解。A. impossible 不可能; B. imaginative富有想象力的;C.important重要的; D. inactive无效的;根据句意:但是更重要的是,读者们
19、读这样的故事更感兴趣,可知选C.3In the world there are many interesting festivals. Now let me _1you something about one of them Mothers Day. People celebrate Mothers Day in the USA first. It is also a _2in some other countries. Its _3the second Sunday in May. It is a day to thank _4. On that day, people show their
20、 love to their mother by _5cards and other presents. On the cards, children will write Thanks, Mom. To the best mother in the world. Best _6for Mothers Day and so on. Father and children do the housework (家务活). _7mothers can have a rest. In China, people _8celebrate this special day for mothers. Las
21、t Mothers Day, I bought some flowers for my mother to thank her _9work. I helped my mother _10clothes, cook, clean the house and so on. My mother and I were very happy.1A. tell B. say C. speak D. talk2A. country B. sign C. festival D. subject3A. in B. on C. at D. until4A. teachers B. friends C. fath
22、ers D. mothers5A. making B. to make C. make D. made6A. days B. wishes C. names D. presents7A. Because B. If C. But D. So8A. also B. too C. as well D. again9A. difficult B. easy C. hard D. interesting10A. wear B. wash C. count D. show名师点评全世界,有许多有趣的节日。现在让我告诉你关于它们当中的一个节日-母亲节。 首先在美国庆祝母亲节。在其它的一些国家,它也是一个节
23、日。它是在五月的第二个星期天。在那天,人们通过做贺卡和礼物来表达对母亲的爱。在上面写了许多祝福的话。1考查动词及语境的理解。A. tell告诉;B. say说(指说的内容);C. speak说(常指说的语言);D. talk谈论。联系原文:全世界,有许多有趣的节日。现在让我告诉你关于它们当中的一个节日-母亲节。分析:表示告诉tell.同时考查固定短语:let sb. do sth.故选A2考查名词及语境的理解。A. country国家;B. sign标志;C. festival节日;D. subject学科。联系原文:首先在美国庆祝母亲节。在其它的一些国家,它也是一个节日。它是在五月的第二个星
24、期天。联系下文, 它是一个节日,因此填写festival.故选C3考查介词及语境的理解。A. in在之内;B. on在之上;C. at向;D. until直到。 联系原文:首先在美国庆祝母亲节。在其它的一些国家,它也是一个节日。它是在五月的第二个星期天。分析:表示具体的某一天,用介词on.故选B4考查名词及语境的理解。A. teachers教师们;B. friends朋友们;C. fathers父亲们;D. mothers母亲们。 联系原文:这一天是为了感谢母亲们。分析:全世界的母亲有很多,因此要运用母亲的复数形式。故选D5考查词义及语境的理解。A. making制作(动词的现在分词形式);B
25、. to make制作(动词的不定式形式);C. make制作(动词的原形);D. made制作(动词的过去式)。 联系原文:这一天是为了感谢母亲们。在那天,人们通过做贺卡和礼物来表达对母亲的爱。分析:考查固定短语:make cards. 同时在介词by 后面要用动词的分词形式。故选A6考查名词及语境的理解。A. days天;B. wishes祝福;C. names名字;D. presents礼物。 联系原文:在那天,人们通过做贺卡和礼物来表达对母亲的爱。在上面写了许多祝福的话。分析:考查固定短语best wishes最美好的祝愿。故选B7考查连词及语境的理解。A. Because因为;B.
26、If如果/是否;C. But但是;D. So因此。联系原文:在那天,父亲和孩子们做家务活。因此母亲能休息一下。联系上下文为因此之意。故选D8考查词义及语境的理解。A. also也(位于句子中间);B. too也(位于句子末尾,与主句用逗号隔开);C. as well也(位于句子末尾);D. again再一次。联系上文:在中国,人们也庆祝这个特殊的节日,为了母亲。分析:也,位于句子中间用also.故选A9考查形容词及语境的理解。A. difficult困难的;B. easy容易的;C. hard艰苦的;D. interesting有趣的。联系句意:上一个母亲节,我为母亲买了一些花,来表达感谢她的
27、艰苦的工作。分析:考查固定短语hard work艰苦的工作。故选C10考查动词及语境的理解。A. wear穿;B. wash洗;C. count数;D. show展示。 联系句意:我帮助母亲洗衣服,做饭,打扫屋子等等。我和我的母亲都很高兴。结合选项一定是洗衣服。故选B二、社会历史类1China is the home of tea,_1_has more than 4,000 years of history. People in China drink tea daily._2_the three major drinks tea, coffee and cocoa, tea is_3_by
28、 the largest number of people in the world. Tea from China, along_4_silk and porcelain, began to be known by the world over a thousand years ago and has been an important Chinese export_5_. Tea_6_mainly in the area south of the Yangtze River, in the provinces of Zhejiang, Jiangxi and Fujian, because
29、 of the good_7_and rich soil there. Longjing, Wulong, Puer and Tieguanyin are all_8_kinds of tea. Over the past centuries, Chinese people have_9_their unique tea culture, which includes tea planting, tea-leaf picking, tea making, and tea drinking and so on. Tea as well as coffee_10_a popular topic w
30、hich is often mentioned in dances, songs, poems and novels.1A. who B. which C. where D. when2A. In B. For C. Of D. By3A. eaten B. played C . bought D. drunk4A. between B. with C. except D. besides5A. at that time B. from now on C. since then D. since now6A. produces B. grows C. makes D. lives7A. cli
31、mate B. weather C. water D. river8A. famous B. important C. interesting D. delicious9A. liked B. got C. become D. developed10A. are B. be C. were D. is名师点评试题分析:这篇短文主要介绍了中国是茶的故乡。中国茶具有悠久的历史,其主要生长在长江以南地区。长期以来,中国人民形成了独特的茶文化,茶和咖啡一样是一个受欢迎的话题。1考查引导词及语境的理解。根据语境,这是一个非限制性定语从句,是对先行词的附件说明。当先行词指人时用who,指物或前面的句子用which,指地点用where,指时间用when。结合选项可知应选B。2考查介词及语境的理解。根据语境,这里指的是在三种主要的饮料(茶、咖啡、可乐)当中。“Of+范围”表示“在当中”,故选C。3考查动词及语境的理解。eaten :吃,played :玩,bought:买 drunk:喝。根据语境,茶被世界上最大多数人所饮用。故选D。4考查副词及语境的理解。根据语境,中国的茶和丝绸、瓷器早在一千多年以前就已经被世界所公认。along with表示“随
copyright@ 2008-2022 冰豆网网站版权所有
经营许可证编号:鄂ICP备2022015515号-1