仁爱版学年八年级上学期英语Unit 2词汇精讲精练.docx

1、仁爱版学年八年级上学期英语Unit 2词汇精讲精练2019-2020学年八年级上学期英语Unit 2词汇精讲精练重点词汇1. well （1）well作形容词，意为“身体健康的，身体好的”。例如： I hope you will be well soon. 我希望你很快好起来。 He is quite well. 他身体好。（2）well 作副词，意为“好，令人满意地”。例如：Mary speaks English very well.玛丽英语说得很好。He sings well. 他唱得好。2. take care of （1）take care of是动词短语，意为“照顾，照料，保管”,

2、后接名词或者代词做宾语。例如： Please take care of the little boy. 请照顾一下这个小孩儿。（2）take care of常与词组look after 互换，但是表示“保管”常用take care of。例如：You must look after the cat. = You must take care of the cat. 你必须照顾这只猫。 You have to learn to take care of your possessions. 你得学会保管好自己的财物。3. worry （1）worry可用作不及物动词或及物动词。作及物动词时，意为“

3、使烦恼，使担忧”。作不及物动词时，意为“发愁，担心，烦恼”，常与介词about连用。例如： Whats worrying you? 什么事使你烦恼？ Dont worry about me. 不要为我担心。（2）worry也可用作名词。既可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词。例如： Her face showed signs of worry. 她脸上显出担忧的神情。 I have a lot of worries. 我有很多担心。（3）worry的过去分词worried相当于形容词，意为“担心的，烦恼的”，常与be/look/feel等系动词连用。be worried about意为“为担心”。例

4、如： She is worried about her sick mother. 她担心她生病的母亲。4. enough （1）enough是形容词，意为“充足的，充分的，足够的”，可作表语或定语，作定语时，可放在名词的前面或后面。例如：The food is enough for the trip. 用于这次旅行的食物足够了。I have enough time to watch TV. 我有足够的时间看电视。（2）enough还可作副词，意为“足够的”，这时enough需放在所修饰的形容词或副词后面。例如：The young man is strong enough to carry th

5、e heavy bag. 那个年轻人足够强壮能搬动重包。拓展 （1）There be enough“有足够的”。 例如： There arent enough seats for all the people to sit down. 没有足够的座位能让所有的人坐下。 （2）enoughto do sth. “有足够的做某事”。例如： I dont have enough time to eat lunch. 我没有足够的时间吃午饭。 （3）enough to do可以同tooto或sothat结构互相转换。例如： He isnt old enough to go to school. = H

6、e is too young to go to school. = He is so young that he cant go to school. 他太小而不能上学。5. feel like （1）“感觉像，摸起来像”。例如： I feel like a child. 我感觉自己像个小孩子。 （2）“想要”。后接代词、名词或动名词。例如： Do you feel like some fish for supper? 晚饭你想吃些鱼吗？ （3）It feels like句型可用来表示天气、时间等，意为“好像要，似乎是”。例如：It feels like tea time. 好像喝茶的时间到了

7、。拓展 feel like; would like与want的辨析： 三者都可表示“想要做某事”。其用法分别如下： （1）feel like 后接名词、代词或动名词，构成feel like doing sth. 例如：I dont feel like eating. 我不想吃东西。 （2）would like后接名词、代词或不定式。构成：would like to do sth. 例如：What would you like to do now? 你现在想做什么？ （3）want后可接名词或不定式，构成want to do sth. 例如：Do you want to join us? 你想加

8、入到我们中吗？6. something new（1）something是复合不定代词，意为“某物，某事”，常用在肯定句中，而在否定句或疑问句中，则多用anything。例如： I would like to do something interesting. 我想做一些有趣的事情。 He cant find anything to eat. 他找不到吃的东西。（2） something new中new作后置定语，修饰不定代词something。由some / any / no / every /与body / thing或where等构成复合不定代词或不定副词时，其修饰词常后置。例如：I wa

9、nt to move somewhere else. 我想要搬到别的地方去。He has something important to say. 他有重要的事要说。拓展常用的复合不定代词有：somebody; someone; something; anybody; anyone; anything; nobody; nothing; everyone; everybody; everything等。不定代词有两种用法：一是作主语时，相当于单数第三人称；一是被形容词修饰，形容词常作后置定语。例如：Everyone is here. 人人都在这里。Ill buy you something ne

10、w. 我要给你买些新东西。口诀： 不定代词美名扬，修饰成分后边藏；单数动词作谓语，何时何地都一样。7. three times a daythree times a day意为“每天三次”，是一个表示频率的副词短语，对其提问时用how often。例如：You should take your medicine three times a day. 你应该每天吃三次药。-How often do you wash your clothes? 你多久洗一次衣服？-Once or twice a week. 每周一两次。拓展在英语中，表示“一次”用once，表示两次用twice，表示“三次或三次以

11、上”时，用“基数词+ times”，此时time是可数名词，意为“次数”。例如：once a week 每周一次 twice or three times a week 每周两三次8. advice advice是不可数名词，意为“意见、建议、劝告、忠告”，不能与不定冠词a 连用。例如： a piece of advice一条建议 Let me give you some advice. 让我给你一些建议。 拓展 （1）give advice (on) 给提（有关）的建议。例如： Can you give me some advice on how to learn English well?

12、你能给我一些关于如何学好英语的建议吗？ （2）take ones advice 听从某人的建议 例如： Ill take your advice, and do exercise every day. 我会听从你的建议，每天锻炼身体。（3）advise是advice的动词形式，意为“建议”，常用于advise sb. to do sth.的结构中。例如： He advised me to read English every morning. 他建议我每天早晨读英语。9. messagemessage是名词，意为“消息、信息、口信”。例如： Li Lei called you with a m

13、essage for Jim. 李雷打电话要你给吉姆捎个口信。拓展 have a message for sb. 有某人的一个口信 give sb. a message 给某人一个口信 take a message for sb. 为某人捎个口信 leave a message for sb. 给某人留个口信探究 区分message; news与information 三个词都可以表示“消息，信息”，区别如下： （1）message是可数名词，多用于口头，书面或无线电、网络手机等各种渠道日常传递的消息或信息。例如： I sent a message to him with my mobile

14、phone yesterday. 昨天我用手机给他发了一条短信。 （2）news是不可数名词，指广播、电视报纸等报道的事件。例如： There are some interesting pieces of news in the newspaper. 报纸上有一些有趣的新闻。 （3）information是不可数名词，指通过学习、观察、阅读、调查等方式得到的消息。例如： We can get more information from the Internet. 我们能够从因特网上得到更多的消息。10. ask sb. to do sth.ask sb. to do sth.“让某人做某事”，

15、其否定形式为ask sb. not to do sth.“让某人不要做某事”。例如：I often ask him to help me with my housework. 我经常让他帮助我做家务。My mother asked me not to read in the sun.妈妈让我不要在太阳下看书。拓展（1）ask sb. sth. “问某事某事”。例如： Can I ask you some questions? 我能问你一些问题吗？（2）ask sb. about sth.意为“询问某人有关某事；向某人打听某事”。例如： My father often calls me up a

16、nd asks me about my study. 爸爸经常给我打电话，询问我的学习情况。（3）ask for sth.“请求某事，要某物”，相当于want sth. 例如： Please ask for help if you have some problems. 如果你有问题，请寻求帮助。（4）ask sb. for sth.“向某人要某物”。例如： If you dont find the way to the school, please ask a policeman for help. 如果你找不到去学校的路，请向警察求助11. give up give up意为“放弃”，其后

17、应跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式。English is difficult. But Ill never give it up. 英语很难，但我不会放弃的。 You should really give up smoking. 你真的需要戒烟了。拓展give的相关短语：（1）give away意为“赠送，分发”。例如： The old man gave away all his books to the school. 这位老人把他所有的书都捐赠给那所学校。（2）give out意为“分发，用完”。例如：There were people at the entrance giving out

18、leaflets. 有人在入口处散发传单（3）give in意为“屈服，让步”。例如：They say they wont give in to the workers demands. 他们说他们不会向工人的要求让步。（4）give off意为“放出，释放”。例如：The flowers give off a heady scent at night. 这些花晚上散发出醉人的芳香。12. instead instead作副词，意为“代替，而不是”，常用作状语。例如：He is tired. Let me go instead. 他累了，让我替他去吧。She never studies. In

19、stead, she plays tennis all day. 她从不学习，而是整天打网球。拓展instead和instead of的辨析：（1）instead是副词，后面不接其他的词，一般情况下可不译出，通常放在句首或句末，在句首时常用逗号隔开，表示前面的事没做，而做了后面的事。例如：He didnt go to school. Instead, he went to the cinema. 他没有去学校，相反他去了电影院。（2）instead of是介词短语，意为“代替，而不是”，后面可以跟与前面并列成分相应的名词、代词、动词-ing形式等作为介词宾语。例如： He went to th

20、e cinema instead of going to school. 他去了电影院而不是学校。13. build sb. up （1）build sb. up 是动词短语，意为“增强的体质，使更强壮”。例如：Exercise can build you up. 锻炼身体可以增强你的体质。（2）build up 意为“增强、提高、建立”。例如：We can build up the speed gradually and safely. 我们可以逐渐稳妥地提高速度。The new classmates had begun to build up some trust in one anoth

21、er. 新同学们彼此之间开始建立了些许信任。拓展set up, put与build区别（1）set up意为“开办，建立”，强调机构及相应设施的建立，着重“开始”或“首次”的含义，不强调施工建筑。 We set up a study group.我们创立了一个学习小组。（2）put up意为“搭建，搭起”，着重指建造或搭起一个具有一定高度的具体的物体。在口语中set up与build也有此意。 Its going to rain. Lets put up the tent. 天要下雨了，我们把帐篷搭起来吧。（3）build意为“建设，建立，建造”，是使用广泛的非延续性动词，侧重于施工建筑，常指

22、建造房屋、桥梁、道路、高楼等大型建筑物。 The workers are building railways.工人们在修建铁路。14. keep healthy （1）keep作动词，意思是“保持”，常见的结构为keep+形容词/动词-ing形式，意为“使某物保持某种状态”。 例如： The cat keeps running after the rat, trying to catch it. 那只猫一直在追赶老鼠，想要抓住它。I need to keep fit. 我需要保持健康。Please keep quiet. 请保持安静。（2）keep的后面还可以表示为keep sb. doing

23、 sth.，表示“让某人一直做某事”。例如： You keep me waiting for half an hour.你让我等了半个小时。 （3）healthy是形容词，意为“健康的”，“healthy food”意为“健康食品”。healthy的名词为health, 副词为healthily, 反义词为unhealthy。例如：The old man looks healthy. 这个老人看起来很健康。 Healthy food is good for our health. 健康食品对我们的健康有益。即学即练I. 根据句意及首字母提示补全单词1. You looks p_ today.

24、Are you sick?2. I caught a f_ and had to lie in bed.3. We can learn a lot on the I_.4. The box is too heavy. Can you help me l_ it?5. His illness was more s_ than the doctor first thought.6. Chocolate gives you e_. But eating too much is bad for your teeth.7. He wrote an a_ about Wang Xiaoya.8. Some

25、thing was wrong with his s_. He felt sick after meals.9. Fruit is good for our health. We like to eat w_ in summer.10. Many d_ are caused by smoking.11. H_ up, or well be late.12. Your father is examining a patient. Ill give him the m_ later.II.根据句意及汉语提示填空。1. Smoking is bad for our lungs. It may cau

26、se _ (癌症).2.I want to _ (选择) a nice gift for her as a birthday present.3.The burglar (盗贼) got in_ (从，通过) the window.4. Driving carelessly _(引起) accidents.5. Look! She is _ (扫) the room now.III. 用括号中所给单词适当形式填空。1.What do the two people in white clothes do?Oh, they are _ (dentist).2. Do you want a _ (b

27、oil) egg for breakfast?3. Follow the dentists _ (advise), and youll get well soon.4. Take care of your_(tooth) or youll have a toothache.5. You have a fever, youd better _ (lie) down and have a rest.6. Were doctors, so its our _ (duty) to save patients.7. The road is _ (crowd). Mr. Wang drives his c

28、ar slowly.8. What causes the _ (ill)?9. Did they enjoy _ (they) in the party yesterday?10.Where is your mother, Beibei?She is busy _ (answer) the telephone.IV.用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，其中有两项多余。cause， health， clean， reason， make， easy， beFrequent (频繁的) hand cleaning is the most important thing you can do becaus

29、e germs are one of the 1 for being ill. Its especially (尤其) important 2 your hands often during this time of year when germs 3 flu, colds and diarrhea (腹泻) to spread (传播) 4 by touching other people, furniture and equipment. Remember, clean hands can keep you 5 ， so clean them often!1._ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5

30、._ 参考答案I. 根据汉语提示完成下列句子。1. pale 2.fever/flu 3. Internet 4. lift 5. serious 6. energy 7.article 8. stomach 9. watermelon 10.diseases 11. Hurry 12. messageII.根据句意及汉语提示填空。1. cancer 2. choose 3. through 4. causes 5. sweeping/cleaningIII. 用括号中所给单词适当形式填空。1. dentists 2.boiled 3. advice 4.teeth 5. lie 6. duty 7. crowded 8. illness 9. themselves 10. answeringIV. 用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，其中有两项多余。1. reasons 2. to clean 3. cause 4. easily 5. healthy