届高考英语一轮复习阅读理解专项突破科普知识与现代科技.docx

1、届高考英语一轮复习阅读理解专项突破科普知识与现代科技科普知识与现代科技一、阅读理解1 You cant always predict a heavy rain or remember your umbrella. But designer Mikhail Belyaev doesnt think that forgetting to check the weather forecast before heading out should result in you getting wet. Thats why he created Lampbrella, a lamp post with it

2、s own rain-sensing umbrella. The designer says he came up with the idea after watching people get wet on streets in Russia. “Once, I was driving on a central Saint Petersburg street and saw the street lamps lighting up people trying to hide from the rain. I thought it would be appropriate to have a

3、canopy(伞蓬) built into a street lamp,” he said. The Lampbrella is a standard-looking street lamp fitted with an umbrella canopy. It has a built-in electric motor which can open or close the umbrella on demand Sensors(传感器) then ensure that the umbrella offers pedestrians shelter whenever it starts rai

4、ning. In addition to the rain sensor, theres also a 360 motion sensor on the fiberglass street lamp which detects whether anyone is using the Lampbrella. After three minutes of not being used the canopy is closed. According to the designer, the Lampbrella would move at a relatively low speed, so as

5、not to cause harm to the pedestrians. Besides, it would be grounded to protect from possible lightning strike. Each Lampbrella would offer enough shelter for several people. Being installed(安装) at 2 metres off the ground, it would only be a danger for the tallest of pedestrians. While there are no p

6、lans to take the Lampbrella into production, Belyaev says he recently introduced his creation to one Moscow Department, and insists his creation could be installed on any street where a lot of people walk but there are no canopies to provide shelter.1.For what purpose did Belyaev create the Lampbrel

7、la?A.To predict a heavy rain.B.To check the weather forecast.C.To protect people from the rain.D.To remind people to take an umbrella.2.What do we know from Belyaevs words in Paragraph 2?A.His creation was inspired by an experience.B.It rains a lot in the city of Saint Petersburg.C.Street lamps are

8、protected by canopies.D.He enjoyed taking walks in the rain.3.Which of the following shows how the Lampbrella works?A.motorcanopysensorsB.sensorsmotorcanopyC.motorsensorscanopyD.canopymotorssensors4.What does Paragraph 5 mainly tell us about the Lampbrella?A.Its moving speed.B.Its appearance.C.Its i

9、nstallation.D.Its safety.5.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A.The designer will open a company to promote his product.B.The Lampbrella could be put into immediate production.C.The designer is confident that his creation is practical.D.The Lampbrella would be put on show in Moscow.2 Scien

10、tists around the world have been studying the warming of waters in the Pacific Ocean known as El Nino (厄尔尼诺). The appearance of El Nino is known to affect the weather around the world. Scientists still do not completely understand it. Yet they now find they can use it to tell about the future in dif

11、ferent areas of the world. One example is the work of two scientists at Columbia University in New York, Mark Cane and Gordon Eshel. A scientist of Zimbabwe(津巴布韦), Roger Buckland worked with them. They have found that when El Nino appears, Zimbabwe has little or no rain. This means corn crops in Zim

12、babwe are poor. The last El Nino was in 1991 to 1993. That was when southeastern Africa suffered a serious lack of rain. The scientists wrote about their recent work in the publication(出版物)Nature. Their computer program can tell when an El Nino will develop up to a year before it does. They suggest

13、that this could provide an effective early warning system for southern Africa, and could prevent many people from starving.1.El Nino is known as _.A.the changing of the weather in southern AfricaB.the warming of waters in the Pacific OceanC.the weather which brings drought(旱灾)to AfricaD.the weather

14、phenomenon(现象)that brings heavy rains to Africa2.Scientists study El Nino in order that _.A.they can provide a kind of early warning to the place that will suffer from droughtB.they can tell why Zimbabwe has little or no rainC.they can do some research work in this field.D.they can put all this info

15、rmation into their computers.3.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A.Scientists come to understand how El Nino appears.B.Three scientists from the USA work on this subject.C.Southern Africa suffered a serious drought and many people died from hunger.D.El Nino has something to do

16、with Zimbabwes poor crops.4.Which of the following is NOT true according to the article?A.The computer is used in this research work.B.Scientists know when an El Nino appears by means of the computer program.C.The scientists published their results of the research work.D.Nature is the name of the ar

17、ticle written recently by the scientists.5.Whats the best title for this passage?A.Appearance of El Nino is Predictable(可预测的)B.Drought in ZimbabweC.Early Warning SystemD.Weather in Africa3. Organic(有机的)farming is a type of agriculture that benefits from the recycling and use of natural products.Use

18、of dried plants not only saves money,but also ensures the growth of crops.The technique is characterized by the use of green manure(肥料),biological pest control methods and special farming techniques to keep soil productivity.Limiting the use of man-made chemicals or completely doing away with them r

19、educes the risk of diseases. Today,organic farming is a major and preferred industry around the world. Organically grown food products have a huge market,with farmlands covering about 10% of the total world-farmland cover. The hard work of Sir Albert Howard,the Father of Organic Farming, has paid of

20、f. Advantages of Organic Farming: (1)The economics of organic farming are characterized by increasing profits through reduced water use and reduced soil erosion(侵蚀). (2)Organic farming produces the same crops as those produced through traditional farming methods,but uses half the energy,and holds 40

21、% more topsoil. (3)Farming the organic way enables farmers to get rid of weeds without the use of any chemicals. (4)The use of green pesticides(杀虫剂)is environmentally friendly and does no harm to humans health. Disadvantages of Organic Farming: (1)Organic methods of farming produce less,compared to

22、traditional farming techniques. (2)Organic agriculture does little to fight global climate change.Though organic farming practices are recognized as giving out less CO2,but not to a significant degree. However,though there are some disadvantages to organic farming,farms where organic methods for cro

23、pping have been used have more advantages than traditional farms.Organic agriculture is surely better in the long term.1.The underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 shows that Sir Albert Howard_.A.worked hard for nothingB.succeeded in organic farmingC.spent all his time on organic farmingD.didnt expect o

24、rganic farming to be successful2.According to the passage,compared to traditional farming,organic farming_.a.is more environmentally friendlyb.produces a lot more foodc.uses less energyd.results in more weeds in the farmlande.is better for humans healthA.abcB.acdC.aceD.bce3.The authors attitude towa

25、rd organic farming is_.A.anxiousB.hopelessC.unclearD.optimistic4.The writer wrote this passage to tell us_.A.the development of agricultureB.what kind of food is being grown at presentC.why organic farming is so popular around the worldD.what organic farming is and its advantages and disadvantages4.

26、 Getting stuck in a traffic jam is one of the most boring problems for people living in big cities.The fact that youre moving so slowly leads too stress,anger and the wish that your car could just fly over the traffic like an airplane. Soon,however, that wish could come true .On May 8, US car-rentin

27、g company Uber showed off what it described as “the transportation mode of the future: on-demand air transport,”reported ABC News . According to Nikhill Goel, head of products for Uber Air, the companys air taxi service may launch test flights in the US cities of Dallas and Los Angeles , as well as

28、Dubai in the United Arab Emirates, as early as 2020. If everything goes according to plan, passengers will be able to fly to work by 2023 . When the Olympics comes to Los Angeles in 2028 . Uber “expects to have hundreds , if not thousands , of its aircraft in the skies.” Goel told Newsweek . So what

29、 would Ubers flying vehicles be like ? They are small , electric aircraft that take off and land vertically (垂直地) , ther give off zero emissions (排放) and are quiet enough to operate in cities . Just like an airplane , the vehicles will have fixed wings to help them glide . But while a helicopter has

30、 just one big fixed rotor (定量) . Ubers vehicles will have multiple rotors , which will help increase fuel efficiency (效率) while reducing emissions and noise. Because of these fixed wines and multiple rotors . Ubers flying taxis“should be quieter and safer than a helicopter.” reported ABC News . Howe

31、ver , the service still has a long way to go before its ready to accept passengers.For example , to avoid any potential accidents . Uber is working with NASA to study air traffic control problems associated with low-flying aircraft. But just as Dubais Mayor Betty Price said in a news release . “This

32、 program is revolutionary and future -oriented (面向未来的). ”1.Uber s flying taxis are expected to start to take passengers in _.A.2020B.2023C.2028D.20302.How are ber s flying taxis different from helicopters?A.They have one big rotorB.They need more fuel to fly.C.They have fewer fixed wingsD.They should be