1、高考英语通用版二轮增分策略实用课件 精致讲义 优选习题基础语法第二部分 第5节第5节形容词和副词形容词主要用来修饰名词或代词,说明事物或人的性质、特征或状态。副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词、副词以及句子等。语法填空题和短文改错对形容词和副词的考查主要是形容词作定语或表语、形容词和副词的比较级或最高级、形容词和副词的词性转化等。【单句语法填空】1Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyears(long) thannon-runners.(2018全国)答案longer解析考查副词的比较等级。句中的than是比较
2、级的标志,故填long的比较级longer。2Runningischeap,easyanditsalways(energy)(2018全国)答案energetic解析考查词性转换之名词变形容词。连系动词is后接形容词作表语,故填energy的形容词形式energetic。3That makes her baby scream,and then a 400-pound male appears.He screams the (loud) ofall.(2018全国)答案loudest解析考查副词的比较等级。由空前的the以及空后的all可知要用最高级。4Butsomethingmadeherlo
3、okcloser,andshenoticeda(shine) object.(20176月浙江)答案shiny/shining解析考查词性转换之动词变形容词。空格处修饰后面的名词object(物体),用形容词形式,故填shiny或shining,意为“闪闪发光的”。5Steamengineswereusedtopullthecarriagesanditmusthavebeen(fair) unpleasantforthepassengers,withallthesmokeandnoise.(2017全国)答案fairly解析考查词性转换之形容词变副词。这里fair是形容词,修饰形容词unple
4、asant应用副词形式,故填fairly。【单句改错】(每小题仅有1处错误)6Ifelthappilythattheirlifehadimproved.(2018全国)答案happilyhappy解析本句中felt是系动词,意为“觉得”,后面应用形容词作表语,故将happily改为happy。7Beside,theyoftengetsomeusefulinformationfromtheInternet.(2017全国)答案BesideBesides解析此处表示“此外,而且”,应用besides。beside在旁边。8Afewminuteslate,theinstructoraskedmeto
5、stopthecar.(2017全国)答案latelater解析“一段时间later”表示多长时间之后,是固定用法。【诊断报告】考向对应题号我的薄弱环节1形容词、副词以及其他词性的转换2,4,5,6,82形容词和副词的比较等级1,33连接副词7名师点津:1形容词、副词在语法填空中的审题要诀:分析“空格”定词性,是形是副先敲定。比较等级问一问,词性转换依章程。2形容词、副词在短文改错中的审题要诀:形容、副词年年考,错误分类须知晓。该用比较用原形,该用最高却比较。该用形容它用副,该用副词又调包。词意相近词性错,形似又将词意抛。考点一形容词和副词的词性/词形转换形容词-ly变副词的变化规则:1一般情
6、况:在词尾加-lyimmediateimmediately;wonderfulwonderfully;realreally;carefulcarefully;politepolitely;quickquickly2辅音字母加-y结尾的(1)当y的发音为i时,变y为i,加-ly:angryangrily;busybusily;heavyheavily(2)当y的发音为i时,直接加-ly:shyshyly;drydryly3以-ble或-le结尾的形容词去e加-ypossiblepossibly;terribleterribly;simplesimply;comfortablecomfortabl
7、y4以-ue结尾的形容词去e加-ly: truetruly5以-l结尾的形容词在词尾加-ly:usualusually;carefulcarefully6以-ll结尾的形容词在词尾加-y:fullfully7以-ic结尾,加-ally:economiceconomically;scientificscientifically例1单句语法填空Atasteformeatis(actual) behindthechange:Animportantpartofitscornisusedtofeedchickens,pigs,andcattle.(2018全国)答案actually解析考查词性转换之形容
8、词变副词。修饰动词用形容词actual的副词形式actually。例2单句改错ItwasareliefandIcametoasuddenlystopjustinthemiddleoftheroad.(2017全国)答案suddenlysudden解析该句中的名词stop应用形容词修饰,所以把suddenly改为sudden。考点二形容词和副词的比较等级1高考对形容词和副词比较等级的考查主要体现在两个方面:一是通过标志词(than,still,far,much,alot,even等)或表示比较意义的语境得出要用比较级或最高级;二是考查一些固定结构中比较级或最高级的用法,如:(1)比较级:表示“越
9、就越”用“the比较级.,the比较级.”结构;“比较级and比较级”和“moreandmore原级”表示“越来越”,其反义词组为“lessandless原级”;否定词比较级最高级。(2)最高级:表达在某个范围内“最”,使用“the形容词/副词的最高级比较范围”结构。表示范围的标志词有in,of,among等;当空格前有the second/third/.,oneof.等词时,需填最高级。2.形容词、副词的比较等级的不规则变化good/wellbetterbest;bad/badlyworseworst;many/muchmoremost;littlelessleast;farfarther/
10、furtherfarthest/furthest例3单句语法填空Even(bad),theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.(2017全国)答案worse解析考查副词的比较级。根据语境可知,此处表示程度的加深,所以用比较级形式。evenworse更糟的是,可以看作固定搭配。例4单句语法填空The(hard) youtrytobeathim,themorelikelyyouwillgethit.答案harder解析考查固定句式中的比较等级。这里是“the比较级.,the比较级.”句式,表示“越就越”。故答案为harder。例5单句改错Theteenageye
11、arsfrom13to19werethemostdifficulttimeforme.Theywerealsothebestandworseyearsinmylife.答案worseworst解析句意为:从13岁到19岁的青少年时期对我来说是最艰难的时期,也是我一生中最好、最糟糕的岁月。分析句子可知,句中的最高级thebest是提示,且句中有表示范围的inmylife,故应把bad的比较级worse改为最高级worst。考点三常见的连接副词1逻辑性副词:anyway(无论如何),however(然而),therefore(因此),thus(因此),besides(而且,还有),though(尽
12、管,然而),too,also,instead等。2时间性副词(短语):afewhoursago(几小时前),tenminuteslater(十分钟后),afterwards(后来),thedayafter(次日),thedaybefore(前一日),thanbefore(比以前),thanever(比以前),thaneverbefore(比以往任何时候),eversince(从那时起),andthen(然后),tillthen(直到那时),bythen(到那时为止),justthen(就在那时),fromthenon(从那时起)等。例6单句语法填空Most(important),though,
13、rememberthefollowingoldrule:trytoeatdifferentfood,yetnottoomuch.答案importantly解析考查副词。空处修饰全句,故用副词形式。例7单句改错WhenIwasachild,Ispentmorethantenyearslearningtheviolin.Therefore,Icouldntunderstand“realmusic”.答案ThereforeHowever解析考查副词。上文说“我花了十年的时间学小提琴”。下文转折了,句意为“我还是不明白真正的音乐。”故将Therefore改为However。.单句语法填空1As(nat
14、ure) architects,thePuebloIndiansfiguredoutexactlyhowthicktheadobewallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkonmostdays.答案natural解析修饰名词architects,应用形容词形式。故填natural。2Chinesescientistsrecentlyhadachancetostudyawildfemalepandawithanewbornbaby.Shewasavery(care) mother.答案careful/caring解析空格处修饰名词mother,故用形容词。care的形容词
15、是caring(关心他人的)或careful(细心的)。在此,两个形容词在语意上都能讲得通。3Thetitlewillbe(official) giventomeataceremonyinLondon.答案officially解析根据句子结构可知,应该使用副词officially作状语修饰动词。4Asnightfell,webecame(increase) worried.答案increasingly解析此处应用副词increasingly(越来越,渐增地)来修饰形容词worried。5Staying(health) whiletravelingcanhelptoensureyourtripi
16、sahappyandenjoyableone.答案healthy解析句意为:在旅行的过程中保持健康有助于确保你的旅途开心、愉快。stay为系动词,意为“保持”,其后常接形容词作表语。故填healthy。6Wefeltsafeforthenexthalf-hoursowedecidedtogoeven(far)答案farther/further解析根据该句中的“even”可以判断,此处表示“我们决定走得更远一点”,故用far的比较级。7Themoresupportyouwinfromothers,the(fast) youwillmovetowardyourgoal.答案faster解析句意为:
17、你赢得别人的支持越多,就会越快地接近你的目标。此处为“the比较级.,the比较级.”结构,意为“越,就越”。因此,设空处应用比较级。故填faster。8Butthatdidntpreventtheboyfrombecomingoneofthe(great) composersofalltime.答案greatest解析根据oneof可知是表示“最之一”,应用最高级。故填greatest。9The new group of students is better-behaved than the other group who stayed here (early)答案earlier解析句意为:
18、这组新到的学生比那组较早待在这儿的学生行为举止好得多。由than可知,此句含有比较意味,在两者之间进行比较,故定语从句中也要用比较级形式,所给副词early的比较级为earlier。10Ifyoufeelstressedbyresponsibilitiesatwork,youshouldtakeastepbackandidentify(识别) thoseof(great) andlessimportance.答案greater解析本空所填之词与less是并列关系,应用比较级的形式。故填greater。.单句改错(11题有2处错误,其余每小题仅有1处错误)11Ienjoyedstudyingdi
19、fferencekindsofcarsandplanes,playingpopmusic,andcollectingthelatemusicalbums.(2017全国)答案differencedifferent;latelatest解析名词kinds前需要形容词来修饰,因此把名词difference改为形容词different。指“收集最新的音乐专辑”,故将late改为latest。12Atonetime,IevenfeltmyparentscouldntunderstandmesoIhopedIcouldbefreelyfromthem.答案freelyfree解析系动词be后应使用形容词
20、来作表语,befreefrom摆脱的,不受影响的。13Itisclearshownthatmanymiddleschoolstudentshavephysicalandmentalproblems.答案clearclearly解析修饰过去分词shown,要用副词clearly“清晰地”。14However,itseemsthattherearestillsomepeoplenotfullawareofit.答案fullfully解析修饰形容词aware,应用副词,故用fully。15Intheirsparetime,theyareinterestinginplantingvegetablesi
21、ntheirgarden,whichisontherooftopoftheirhouse.(2017全国)答案interestinginterested解析因为是描述主语they,指人的心理状态,所以应用interested“对感兴趣的”。16Theyoftengetupearlierandwaterthevegetablestogether.(2017全国)答案earlierearly解析此处没有比较的含义,所以用early的原级。17Isitnecessarytopractisehandwriting?Somestudentsconsiderhandwritingleastimportan
22、tthanbefore.(2018吉林百校联盟联考)答案leastless解析由句中的than可知应用important的比较级形式,故将least改为less。18ThedishesthatIcookedwereMomsfavoritest.答案favoritestfavorite解析句意为:我做的菜是妈妈的最爱。favorite用作形容词,意为“最喜爱的”,用作名词时意为“最喜爱的人(或事物)”。该词本身已包含最高级的含义,没有比较级或最高级。19Whatsbad,thedriversinformationmightbeunreliable.答案badworse解析whatsworse更糟
23、糕的是,固定搭配。20Inmyopinion,successliesinaseriesofgoals.However,weshouldremembertomakeourtargetsclearandsparenoefforttorealizeourdreams.答案HoweverTherefore解析根据语境可知,此处前后句之间为因果关系,故应用Therefore。.语法填空形容词和副词专练Visitors to Britain may find the 21.(good) place to enjoy local culture is in a 22.(tradition) pub.Atea
24、mofresearchershaverevealedsomeofthe23.(know) culture of British pubsstarting with the difficulty of getting a drink.This may sound 24.(convenient),butthereisa25.(hide) meaning.Pubcultureisformedtoimprovesociabilityinasocietythatisknownforitscoldness.Standingatthebarforserviceallowsyoutochatwithother
25、swhoarewaitingtobeserved.The bar counter is 26.(possible) the only place in Britain where a 27.(friend) talkwithstrangersisconsideredtobe28.(entire) properandreallyquitenormalbehavior.29.,ifyoudonotfollowthelocalrules,theexperiencemayfallflat.Forexample,ifyouareinabiggroup,itisbestforoneortwopeoplet
26、ogotobuythedrinks.Nothingmakestheregularcustomersandbarstaffangry30.(much) thanagroupofstrangersblockingallpassagestothebarwhiletheychathesitantlyaboutwhattoorder.21答案best解析考查形容词的最高级。根据语境分析可知,此处指出了一定的范围内,即“在英国”,应该填提示词的最高级形式best。22答案traditional解析考查词性转换之名词变形容词。分析句子成分可知,此处应该填一个形容词作定语,修饰名词pub,所以填提示词的形容词
27、形式traditional。23答案unknown解析考查词性转换之动词变形容词。根据上文中的“revealed”(揭示)可知,此处应该表示“不为人知的”,因此填形容词形式unknown,在句中作定语。24答案inconvenient解析考查词形转换。根据语境可知此处填写convenient的反义词,在句中作表语。25答案hidden解析考查分词形容词。此处为分词形容词作定语修饰名词meaning,且表被动,故填hidden。26答案possibly解析考查词性转换之形容词变副词。此处在句中作状语,应该填提示词的副词形式possibly。27答案friendly解析考查词性转换之名词变形容词。
28、根据语境“与陌生人之间的友好交谈”可知,此处在句中作定语,填提示词的形容词形式friendly。28答案entirely解析考查词性转换之形容词变副词。此处在句中作状语,修饰形容词proper,故填提示词的副词形式entirely。29答案However解析考查副词。根据语境可知,上下文之间为转折关系,且空格处用逗号与句子其他部分隔开,所以填表示转折关系的副词however。30答案more解析考查副词的比较级。根据后面的than可知,此处填提示词的比较级形式more。.短文改错Hearinganewsthatthe2022WinterOlympicswillbeholdinChina,Ife
29、ltveryexcited.ItstrucktomehowIlearnedskatingwhenIwasachild.At7,Ibegantogocrazyaboutskating,likeallmyfriend.Atthebeginning,itextremelytoughformetokeepmybalance.Ialwaysfalloverontheground,asaresultofwhichIthoughtIhadnotalentforskating.SoIgraduallylostconfidenceandbecameimpatient.ThemoreimpatientIwas,t
30、hemoreterribleIdid.Iwasabouttogiveupwhilemyfathercametomyassistance.Encouragedbyher,Irestoredconfidenceandstoodupagain.AsIpracticedskating,healwayscreatedarelaxedatmosphereandputforwardsomespecificadvice.Eventually,Imadeit.答案Hearingnewsthatthe2022WinterOlympicswillbeinChina,Ifeltveryexcited.ItstrucktomehowIlearnedskatingwhenIwasachild.At7,Ibegantogocrazyaboutskating,likeallmy.Atthebeginning,itextremelytoughformetokeepmybalance.Ialwaysoverontheground,asaresultofwhichIthoughtIhadnotalentforskating.SoIgraduallylostconfidenceandbecameimpatient.Themoreimpatient
copyright@ 2008-2022 冰豆网网站版权所有
经营许可证编号:鄂ICP备2022015515号-1