全自动平衡机去重控制系统的研究设计.doc

1、全自动平衡机去重控制系统的研究设计重庆大学硕士学位论文学生姓名：XXX指导教师：王秋晓 副教授 专业：机械电子工程学科门类：工 学重庆大学机械工程学院二O一一年四月Research and Design of the De-weighting Controlling System of the Automatic Dynamic Balancing MachineA Thesis Submitted to Chongqing Universityin Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for theDegree of Master of Engine

2、eringByWu JiaSupervised by A. Prof. Wang QiuxiaoMajor：Mechanical and Electronic EngineeringCollege of Mechanical Engineering of Chongqing University, Chongqing, ChinaApril 2011重庆大学硕士学位论文 中文摘要摘 要如今动平衡技术已经非常成熟，但是传统的动平衡机只能完成转子的动平衡测试，而很多情况下转子的动平衡校正还是由人工完成，所以生产效率比较低。为适应现代企业高效率的生产要求，动平衡测试与自动校正一体机已成为必然趋势和主

3、流。本文阐述了动平衡技术的基础理论，在原有的单面立式动平衡测试机的基础上研究开发了一套动平衡机自动去重系统。文章首先建立了转子振动的数学模型，导出了转子不平衡量大小和相位的数学表达式，并对对转子振动信息的测量方法做了介绍。如何实现转子的全自动动平衡校正是本文研究的重点。为此，文章研究探讨了转子的校正策略，结合转子的实际外形并考虑到校正过程的操作简便性，本系统采用在转子的端面钻孔去重的校正方法。在此基础上分析了各种情况下进刀量和不平衡质量大小的关系，并建立了去重数学模型。随后针对校正过程中存在的误差进行了理论分析。在控制系统的研究中，文章对系统的总体结构和总体方案进行了设计。伺服技术是系统实现去

4、重自动化并保证校正精度的关键。文章对主轴伺服和进给伺服的关键技术也进行了详细的研究。包括主轴伺服的调速原理和定向控制，脉冲比较进给伺服的原理，关键电路的设计与分析。并对交流伺服系统中的电子齿轮进行了研究。 另外，对去重系统软件的流程进行了设计。最后，为了保证系统的稳定性和可靠性，对设备的电磁兼容性进行了设计。全自动动平衡机是一个高难度的机电一体化产品，涉及到众多学科领域，包括机械技术，电工电子技术，传感器技术，信息处理技术，自动控制原理等。本课题研制的全自动去重控制系统，可以大大提高转子校正的效率和精度，对于节省生产劳动力，提高生产效率具有重要的意义。关键词： 去重策略 误差分析 伺服系统 电

5、磁兼容59重庆大学硕士学位论文 英文摘要ABSTRACTNowadays, Dynamic balancing technology has been well established, but the function of the traditional balancing machines is limited to rotors unbalancing test. In many cases, the rotors balance adjustment is still done by hand, so the productivity is relatively low. In or

6、der to meet modern business requirements of efficient production, Dynamic balancing equipments with the function of both testing and automatic correction are bound to become an inevitable trend and mainstream technology.This paper firstly elaborated the basic theory of dynamic balancing technology,

7、then a set of automatic unbalance de-weighting system is researched and developed on the basis of the original single-sided vertical dynamic balancing testing machine, First the mathematical model of the rotors vibration is established, from which the rotors unbalancing phase and quality are mathema

8、tically expressed. Then general methods of measuring the information about rotors vibration have been described.How to realize rotors automatic balancing correction is the focus of this paper. Therefore, in this paper we researched the rotor correction strategy, allowing for the actual shape of the

9、rotor and convenience of the correction process as well as ease of operation, this system uses the correction method of drill holes on the end of the rotor.Then the relationship between feed volume and unbalance quality is analyzed, on the basis of which the de-weighting mathematical model is establ

10、ished. Besides, the possible amending error is theoretically analyzed.For the research of the controlling system, the skeleton of the mechanical configuration and the controlling formula are firstly introduced. Servo system is a key technology to the realization of automatic de-weighting and to ensu

11、re the correcting precision. So, the key technology of servo system is also researched in this paper, including spindle servo and feeding servo system. For the spindle servo system, the focus is on the research of the speed adjusting principle and the method of position controlling. For the feeding

12、servo system, the principle of pulse comparison is firstly introduced, then some key circuits are designed and analyzed. Besides, the electronic gear used in the AC servo system is also researched. For the software, the de-weighting procedure is designed.Finally, in order to guarantee the stability

13、and reliability of the whole equipment, the EMC(Electromagnetic Compatibility) of the system is analyzed and designed.The automatic dynamic balancing equipment is a mechatronic product with great difficulties and various sophisticated technologies which include mechanical technology, electrical and

14、electronic technology, sensor and measuring technology, information processing and automatic controlling principle etc. The automatic de-weighting controlling system researched and developed in this paper can substantially improve the productivity and precision of the unbalance amending of the rotor

15、s, which plays an important role in saving labor and improve the efficiency of the producing process.Key words: De-weighting Strategy, Error Analysis, Servo System, EMC重庆大学硕士学位论文 目 录目 录中文摘要I英文摘要II1绪论11.1 概述11.2 国内外动平衡机的发展历史和现状11.3 校正方法与工艺简介31.4 本课题研究的目的和内容41.4.1研究目的41.4.2研究内容42 转子动平衡理论与不平衡振动的测量52.1 转子的不平衡理论52.1.1基本概念52.1.2转子不平衡力学原理62.2 转子不平衡振动系统的建模与分析82.3 转子振幅及相位的测量112.3.1基频振动的测量112.3.2相位的测量122.4本章小结1