七年级英语时态汇总.docx

1、七年级英语时态汇总七年级英语时态汇总一般现在时【用 法】(1)在实际应用中，一般现在时常与以下时间状语联用：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month, once a week, on Sundays 例句：He usually plays football on Sundays.(2)没有时间状语，可以分以下四种类型：Abe型 这一类型由be动词+名词、形容词、副词、代词、数词或介词短语等一起构成谓语，表示主语的个性、特征或状态。如： I am a student.(主语+be动词+名词) They are

2、hungry.（主语+be动词+形容词） He is out.(主语+be动词+副词) That pen is mine.(主语+be动词+代词) I am fifteen.(主语+be动词+数词) The bike is under the tree.(主语+be动词+介词短语)Bdo型 do型由行为动词充当谓语，表示经常性或习惯性的动作，其构成为“主语+动词原形或动词第三人称单数形式”。如： I know it. He believes me.Cthere be型 there be型句子表示“某地存在”，其构成为“there be+主语+其他”，表示客观事实。用法遵循“就近原则”，即主语是

3、单数或并列主语中的第一个主语是单数，则用there is；主语是复数或并列主语中的第一个主语是复数，则用there are。如： （1）There is an eraser on the teachers desk.(主语an eraser是单数) （2）There is an orange，five apples and eight bananas in the bag.(并列主语中的第一个主语an orange是单数)D情态动词型 情态动词型句子的构成为“主语+情态动词+动词原形”，情态动词和动词原形一起构成谓语，表示说话人对所叙述的动作或状态的看法。如： He can speak a l

4、ittle English.(can+speak) May I have a book, please?(may+have)【结 构】主语+动词原形+宾语 即某人+某个动词+其他。肯定式疑问式否定式否定疑问式I work.Do I work?I do not work.Dont I work?You work.Do you work?You do not work.Dont you work?We work.Do we work?We do not work.Dont we work?They work.Do they work?They do not work.Dont they work?

5、He(She,It) works.Does he(she,it) work?He(She,It) does not work.Doesnt he(she,it) work?否定形式：首先找句子中有没有be动词（is, am或者are）或情态动词（can），如果有，只要在be动词或情态动词后面加上not。如果句子中没有be动词（is, am或者are）或情态动词（can）那么根据主语在后面加入dont(you, I或者复数)或doesnt（第三人称单数）。一般疑问句：首先找句子中有没有be动词（is, am或者are）或情态动词（can），如果有，只要将be动词或情态动词提前，放到主语前面。注意

6、：句中第一人称和第二人称要互换。如果句子中没有be动词（is, am或者are）或情态动词（can）那么根据主语判断加入do(you, I或者复数)或does（第三人称单数）。注意：句中第一人称和第二人称也要互换。特殊疑问句：首先分析划线部分的意思，确定用哪个疑问词（what, where, who, when, which, whose, how, how many, how much, what shape, what colour, what doing, where going, what do）,然后找句子中有没有be动词（is, am或者are）或情态动词（can），如果有，只要将

7、be动词或情态动词放到主语前面（疑问词的后面）。如果句子中没有be动词（is, am或者are）或情态动词（can）那么根据主语判断加入do(you, I或者复数)或does（第三人称单数）。注意：句中第一人称和第二人称也要互换。一般过去时【用 法】Abe型 这一类型由be动词（was和were）+名词、形容词、副词、代词、数词或介词短语等一起构成谓语，表示主语以前或过去的个性、特征或状态。如： I was a student ten years ago.(主语+be动词+名词) They were hungry just now.（主语+be动词+形容词） The bike was unde

8、r the tree yesterday.(主语+be动词+介词短语) It was rainy last Sunday. They were very happy at Kangkangs birthday party.B情态动词型情态动词型句子的构成为“主语+情态动词过去式could+动词原形”，情态动词过去式和动词原形一起构成谓语，表示主语过去或曾经能做的事情。如： He could speak a little English last year.(could+speak) What could she do when he was ten.Cdid型 did型由行为动词过去式充当谓语

9、，表示以前做过的某事，其构成为“主语+动词过去式动词”。如： I knew him when I was young. He believed me at that time . 【结 构】主语+动词过去式+宾语 即某人+某个动词过去式+其他。肯定式疑问式否定式否定疑问式I worked.Did I work?I did not work.Didnt I work?You worked.Did you work?You did not work.Didnt you work?We worked.Did we work?We did not work.Didnt we work?They wor

10、ked.Did they work?They did not work.Didnt they work?He(She,It) worked.Did he(she,it) work?He(She,It) did not work.Didnt he(she,it) work?否定形式：首先找句子中有没有be动词（was或者were）或情态动词（could），如果有，只要在be动词或情态动词后面加上not。如果句子中没有be动词（was或者were）或情态动词（could）那么在后面加入didnt（无论主语是什么人称）。一般疑问句：首先找句子中有没有be动词（was或者were）或情态动词（coul

11、d），如果有，只要将be动词或情态动词提前，放到主语前面。注意：句中第一人称和第二人称要互换。如果句子中没有be动词（was或者were）或情态动词（could）那么在主语之前加入did。注意：句中第一人称和第二人称也要互换。特殊疑问句：首先分析划线部分的意思，确定用哪个疑问词（what, where, who, when, which, whose, how, how many, how much, what shape, what colour, what doing, where going, what do）,然后找句子中有没有be动词（was或者were）或情态动词（could），如

12、果有，只要将be动词或情态动词提前，放到主语前面。注意：句中第一人称和第二人称要互换。如果句子中没有be动词（was或者were）或情态动词（could）那么在主语之前加入did。注意：句中第一人称和第二人称也要互换。【规则动词过去式构成形式】规则动词的过去式由“动词原形+-ed”构成，具体变化有：1. 直接在词尾加-ed。如: wantwanted, workworked, needneeded, cleancleaned2. 以不发音的e结尾的在词尾加-d。如：likeliked, livelived, useused, movemoved3. 以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节

13、动词，先双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-ed。如：stopstopped, triptripped4. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先把y变成i，再加-ed。如：studystudied, carrycarried, hurryhurried, marrymarried现在（正在）进行时主语+ be（am / is / are）+动词的-ing形式。肯定式疑问式否定式I am working.Am I working?I am not work.You are working.Are you working?You are not work.We are working.Are we working?

14、We are not work.They are working.Are they working?They are not work.He(She,It) isworking.Is he(she,it) working?He(She,It) is not work.肯定句形式：I + am 动词ing. 如：I am reading (read) an interesting story book now.She/He/It + is 动词ing. 如：Tom is reading (read) an interesting story book now.We/You/They + are动

15、词ing. 如：They are reading (read) an interesting story book now.否定句形式：直接在be（am, is, are）之后加not，其余照抄。如: I am not reading ( not read) an interesting story book now. Tom isnt reading ( not read) an interesting story book now. They arent reading ( not read) an interesting story book now.一般疑问句：直接将be（am, is

16、, are）提到主语之前，其余照抄。如：Is Tom reading (read) an interesting story book now? Are they reading (read) an interesting story book now?特殊疑问句：首先分析划线部分的意思，确定用哪个疑问词（what, where, who, when, which, whose, how, how many, how much, what shape, what colour, what doing, where going, what do）,然后再将原句变为一般疑问句形式（即将be动词提到

17、主语之前，其余的不变）。如：What time is Tom reading(read) an interesting story book?Where are they taking(take) pictures? 【动词ing的构成规律】情况构成方法例词一般情况。加 -ingwash-washing； catch-catching；以不发音字母e结尾的动词先去e，再加-ingmake-making； ride-riding；以重读闭音节结尾的动词双写尾字母，再加-ingsit-sitting swim-swimming 现在进行时的时间标志短语汇总：现在（正在）进行时常与一些固定的时间短语

18、搭配使用： now“现在”如: Jim is playing soccer now. right now= at the moment“此刻”如：The monkeys are climbing up the trees at the momnet. Look! Listen! “看啊！听啊！”如：Look! Mr. Lee is working on the computer. Listen! The birds are sing in the tree. Where is?问题的回答，暗指说话的时候。如：Where is your mom, Tom?Oh, she is cooking i

19、n the kitchen. 前面早就阐明是现在的短文中。一般将来时一般将来时表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态结构：助动词shall/will be (is ,am ,are ) going to + 动词原形（当主语第一人称时，一般用shall，当主语为第三人称时，用will，但主语为第一人称时，也用will）肯定式:主语+shall/will+动词原形+其他否定式:主语+shall/will+not+动词原形+其他.疑问式:Shall/Will+主语+动词原形+其他简略回答:(肯)Yes,主语+shall/will . (否)No,主语+shall/will+not 缩写形式: ll =sh

20、all/will shant= shall not wont = will not 用法:1.表示将要发生的动 作或情况,常用时间状语有: later (on), soon, in a month, next time, from now on, tomorrow等. eg. I shall be eighteen years old next year. Maybe Chinas population _ (pass) 1,300,000,000 by the year 2005. 2.表示某种必然的趋势 eg. Fish will die without water. 解析：1.在以第一人

21、称为主语的问句中,常用 shall 表示提议和询问情况,在以第二人称作主语的问句中,用will 表示请求. eg. Where shall we have the meeting? Will you please lend me your pen? 2.当主语是第一人称时,用will 表示意愿.决心.允诺.命令等. eg. I will give you an English-Chinese dictionary for your birthday. 3.在时间或条件状语从句中,一般用一般现在时代替一般将来时. eg. Tom will write to me when he gets the

22、re. 4.be going to +动词原形也可表示将来时. (1).表示主观意愿.打算等. eg. Hes going to learn English next term. (2).根据已有迹象,可能要发生的情况 eg. Look at the black clouds!-It is going to rain.现在完成时现在完成时的结构： 主语 + “have(has) + 过去分词”（1）现在完成时用来表示对目前状况仍有影响的，刚刚完成的动作（常与yet，already，just连用），或者过去某一时刻发生的，持续到现在的情况（常与for，since连用）。例如：1）I have j

23、ust finished my homework.2）Mary has been ill for three days.注意：与for ,since 连用的动词必须用延续性动词，而不能用短暂性动词如：come be here go be there join be a member borrow keep leave be away 等等（2）常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有：since, for, during, over等引导出的短语；副词already, yet, just, ever, now, before, often, lately, recently等；状语词组this week

24、 (morning, month, year), so far, up to now, many times, up to the present等。例如：1）I havent been there for five years.2）So far, she hasnt enjoyed the summer vacation.3）There have been a lot of changes since 1978.一般过去时和现在完成时的比较与转换 一般过去时: 与之搭配的时间副词常用的有:Yesterday, last week, last year, at 5:30 , last week

25、end, last month. 有时用on weekend, this morning 现在完成时: 常用的时间副词有:ever, never, yet, still, already ， in the past ten years; in my life; todayExamples: Linda still hasnt finished her homework.Stanley has already gotten bored with the life here in Toronto. Have you ever gone to Paris? I have gone to the po

26、st office twice today. 2、 过去完成时（1）表示过去某时间前已经发生的动作或情况，这个过去的时间可以用by，before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示；或者表示一个动作在另一个过去动作之前已经完成。 表示“过去的过去 ” 例如：1）We had just had our breakfast when Tom came in.2）By the end of last year they had turned out 5, 000 bicycles.（3）过去完成时常用于以下固定句型：1）by (the end of ) +过去时间，主句中谓语动词用过去完成时。例如：T

27、he experiment had been finished by 4 oclock yesterday afternoon.八种时态的比较一般现在时和现在进行时 a.一般现在时：重复发生的习惯性动作和真理。 标志性的时间副词： always often frequently usually sometimes every day every week every month occasionally once a month once a month once a year seldom rarely never Examples： She goes shopping every week

28、. He reads Business News every morning. He seldom goes dancing. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. Susan loves chocolate. b.表示一种状态或性质 Examples: This tastes very good. I dont believe my eyes. I need a car. I hate this music. c.在讲述一个过去发生的故事时，有时可用一般现在时表示过去发生的一系列事情。-This use is called the “

29、historical present”.如在看图说话一类题时经常用到这一点。 bExamples: h一个美国人描述他到中国旅游的经历 My friend and I arrive at the capital air port in Beijing on the morning of May 25 th , 1993. Robert comes to meet with us in a taxi, and we drive to what is to be our apartment for nearly three. week. The drive is culture shock num

30、ber one. We see people everywhere. Also, Beijing seems to be more modern than its has been written in all the books on China I have read. My friend and I are extremely astonished by the number of bicycles on the road, truly the kingdom of bicycles. 现在进行时： a.正在进行的动作 常用的时间状语：（right）now at the（this）mom

31、ent at present ;,?|LmExamples： Robert is teaching at this moment。 Mendel is working on the first draft of his essay。 Im looking for my umbrella right now. Hes enjoying a holiday right now. b.表达在现在一段时间内重复发生的动作，但是动作在说话时不一定正在进行。 常用的时间副词：these days Nowadays today this semester/quarter this week/month/year Examples: Hes relaxin