常见时态的用法.docx

1、常见时态的用法常见时态的用法常见时态的用法一、一般现在时 ：1.表示习惯性或经常性的动作或状态，常与usually, often,sometimes, 确 always,seldom, every day(year, morning )等表示频率的时间状语连用。He often does his homework in his study. I usually get up at six in the morning.2.表示客观规律、正确事实或科学真理等。Knowledge comes only from practice.Columbus provedthat the earth is r

2、ound.3.在连词 when, while, before, after, until,till,once, if, unless, as soon as, as long as, by the time, in case, even if, the moment/ minute /instant, the day/ year,immediately 等引导的时间（条件、让步）状语从句中，常用一般现在时表将来。When Bill comes (will come ), ask him to wait for me.We ll go out for a walk as soon as the

3、rain stops.Even if it rains tomorrow, the sports meeting will take place.e, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return 等动词可以用来2表示按照计划、安排将要发生、且不轻易改变的动作（有特定的时间状语）。.The flight takes off at ten o clock.School begins on September 1st.Could you tell mewhen he _ back?-When he _ back,I ll let you know.A. comes

4、; comesB.willcome;comesC. willcome; willcomeD. comes; will come 5试比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup.I am doing my homework now.第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范动作；第二句now 是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作。二、一般过去时 ：1）表示在确定的过去时间里发生的动作或存在的状态，常与 yesterday, in 1998, two years ago, last month, the day before yesterday, the other d

5、ay, when 从句等连用 .The Red Army came into being in 1927.A robber broke into the bank and robbed the bank of a lot of money last night.一般过去时还可表示过去发生的一连串动作。The monkey jumped off3the tree, picked up a big some day, from now on, stone and threw it at us. the day after tomorrow,2）用于以下固定句型 in the future 等表将来

6、中： 的时间状语连用。有几It is (high/ about) time 种构成方式：that sb. did sth. 早该 1. Be going to + 动词原做.Would/ had rather sb.did sth. 宁 愿 某 人 去做3）wish, wonder, think,hope, know 等用过去时，表示的动作都已成为过去，现已不复存在。Oh, it s you. I didn t know you were here too.三、一般将来时 ：表示将要发生的动作或存在的 状 态 ， 常 与 soon,tomorrow ( morning ),next week

7、(year ),形 表示计划、决心，说话前已打算要做的事情。说话人根据已有的迹象或经验判断认为将要发生的事情。I m going to buy a new car if I have a lot of money.Look! Dark clouds are gathering. It is going to rain.2.shall/will +动词原形单纯表将来 表说话时才想到的意愿或决心。Eg: Jack is ill in hospital.-Oh really? I _. I_ to see him.4A. didn t know; will go B. don t know; amg

8、oingC.haven known;t willgoD. didn t know; amgoing3. be + to do 按照计划、安排将要做的事情。（上级对下级、父母对子女）下达命令，意思是“应该” 表命中注定将要发生的事情。We are to discuss the report next Saturday.You are to finish the work before five this afternoon.The little boy is to become a VIP.4.be about to +动词原形或 be on the point ofdoing 表示即 将或正要

9、去做. 不与tomorrow, next week 等具体的时间状语连用，但可和 when 从句连用。I am about to do (=amon the point of doing)my homework.5.be + doing 表示按计划安排即将发生的动作，常用于 come, go,start, set out, leave, reach, return, move, take off, arrive 等Are you staying heretill next week?四、过去将来时 ：woulddo; was / were going to do; (was /were to

10、do; was /were about to do; was /were doing; was / were on the point of doing) 一般不能单独使5用，常用在宾语从句和间接引语之中，表示从过去的角度看，将要发生的行为或存在的状态 。They said that they would call on me sooner or later.Tom asked me if I was going to call on my English teacher.I was on the point of phoning you when your phone arrived.五、现

11、在进行时 ：be (am ,is , are) + doing表示现在 (说话时刻 )正在进行或发生的动作；Look! The monkey is话时未必动作正在进行 ;What are you doingthese days?Mr. Green is writinganother novel.一些位移动词可用现在进行时表将来。He is coming to see younext week. 进行时与某些副词（always, constantly,continually, forever ）连用，可表赞叹或厌恶等情感。 You are alwaysthinking of others.He

12、is constantlychanging his mind.climbing the banana六、过去进行时： wastree./were doing也可表示现阶段正在表示过去某个时刻或一进行或发生的动作，说段时间正在进行的动6作，这一特定的过去时间，除了上下文暗示以外，一般和时间状语连用。常用的时间状语有：this morning, the wholemorning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last night, at this time yesterday, when,while 等 。 What were you doing at

13、this time yesterday?I was reading a newspaper when he knocked at thedoor.You look unhappy. What s the matter with you?-Nothing much. I was missing my parents.Eg: I don think Tomsaw us; he _ intospace.A. just staredB. was just staringC. has just staredD. had just stared七、现在完成时 have /has + done表示过去发生或

14、已经完成的某一动作对现在造成影响或结果 表示动作或状态过去已经开始，一直持续到现在。常用的时间状语有：already, never, ever, just, before, lately, yet, recently, so far, up to the present, up till now, in the past/ last few years, since，“for+ 段时间”等 .Have you had your supper yet?- Yes, I have just had7it. ( 吃过了饭，所以现在不饿 )I have lived here inYiyang sinc

15、e I wasborn.(动作持续到现在)has been to 去过 （已经回来）My sister has been tothe USA once (but she isback now).has gone to 去了（已去未归）My sister has gone toThis is the mostinteresting story I haveever read.This is the third time I have been here.句中如果有过去的时间副词（如： yeaterday,last week, in 1990 ），要用一般过去时，不能用现在完成时。Tom wrot

16、e a letter to his parents last night. ()Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.( )the USA (and she isn here now).当先行词前有最高级或序数词修饰时，定语从句中一般用现在完成 t现在完成时中，终止性 动 词 不 能 与 for,since 等延续性状语连用，必须改为相应的延续 性 动 词 。 Die-bedead join-bein时。 fall ill-be ill8finish-beoverleave/go-beawaybegin-beonbecome-be

17、buy-get/havemarry-be married (to)borrow-keeparrive/reach/getto-bein/at/ stayeg: He has joined the Party for 5 years. ( ) He has been a Party member for 5 years. ()He has been in the Party for 5 years. ()八、现在完成进行时have/has been doing表示动作从过去开始，一直延续到现在，甚至将来；也可能动作刚结束。He has been lying in bed for two week

18、s. (现在还躺着 )Where have you been? I have been looking for you everywhere. (动作刚结束，已不在寻找 ) 某些动词如： work, live,study, teach 等用于现在完成进行时和现在完成时意义区别不大。I have been working /worked here for 5 years.九 、 过 去 完 成 时 haddone表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成的动作或状态 , 这个时间可用短语或从句来表示，也可由上下文来暗示9He had studied here for 3 years before he

19、 went to Europe.一些表希望、 打算的词 ， 如 ： hope, want,expect, think, mean,suppose, plan, intend等，常用过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的愿望打算。I had expected to come and help you last night, but I was too busy.过去完成时还可用于虚拟语气中，表示与过去事实相反的一种假设I wish I had workedharder in those days!If you had come 5minutes earlier, youwould have caught

20、thefirst bus.用于固定句型Hardly/Scarcely when; Nosooner than 中 , 表“一就”Hardly had I arrived home when it began to rain hard. (= I had hardly arrived home when .)No sooner had he got better than he fell ill again. (= He had nosooner got betterthan )几种常用时态之间的比较1. He lives in Beijing.他住在北京。（长期性，永久性）10He is li

21、ving in Beijing.强调对现在的影响）他现住北京。（临时性，Wehavebeen短暂性）discussingthe problem2. Alice wrote a letter towithhimalltheherfriendlast night.morning.（一直在讨（写了一封信，过去式论，说话时动作可能还表动作已完成）在延续。）Alicewaswritingaletterto herfriendlast1. Have you knownnight.（只强调当时在Dr. Jacksonfor a写，不强调是否写完）long time? （全国 I3He has lived h

22、ere for卷）five years. （现完表示动Yes, since she _作延续到现在，即现在the Chinese Society.还住这儿。）A. has joinedB.He lived here for fivejoinsyears.（曾经在这住过五C. had joinedD.年，过去式表动作已完joined成，即现已不住这。）2. The wetweather will4.We have discussedcontinuetomorrow,theproblemwithhim.whenacoldfront（已经和他讨论过了。_ to arrive. （全国11I 卷）ha

23、ve been taughtA. is expectedB.5.So farthisyearweis expecting_ a fallinhouseC. expectsD.prices by between 5 andwill be expected10 percent. （福建卷）3.-DidyouwatchA. sawB. seeC.thebasketballmatchhad seenD. have seenyesterday?6. I called Hnnah many-Yes, I did. You know,times yesterday evening,my brother _

24、inbutIcouldn t getthe match. （安徽卷）through.HerbrotherA.isplaying_ on the phone allB. was playingthe time!（湖南卷）C.hasplayedA. wastalkingD. had playedB. has been talking4.I like these EnglishC.hastalkedsongsandtheyD. talked_many times on the7. Do you have anyradio.（安徽卷）problemsif you _A.taughtB.this job

25、?（湖南卷）have taught Well,I mthinkingC. are taughtD.about the salary .12A.offerD. had walkedB. will offer10. - Do you thinkweC.areofferedshouldacceptthatD. will be offeredoffer?8. I msure Andrew- Yes, we should,forwillwinthefirstprizewe _such bad luck upin the final.（江苏卷）till now, and time _ out.I thin

26、k so. He _（江西卷）for it for months.A. have had; is runningA. is preparingB. had; is runningB. was preparingC. have; has been runC.hadbeenD. have had; has been run11 Wefirst meton apreparingD.hastrain in2000. Webothbeen preparingfelt immediately that we9.Bythetimehe_ each other for years.realizeshe_int

27、o aA. knewB.trap, it ll be too late forhim todoanythinghad knownC. have knownD.about it.know（辽宁卷）（山东） A. walks12. Have you got anyB. walkedjob offers?C. has walkedNo. I _.（辽宁13卷）A.waitedB. had been waitingC.have waitedD. am waiting13.If the weather had been better, we could have had a picnic. But it_ all day. (全