Unit Three Life in the future.docx

1、Unit Three Life in the futureUnit Three Life in the future一、语音及拼读规则二、单元重点单词1vehicle n. （1）陆上交通工具；车e.g. motor vehicles 机动车辆 a space vehicle 宇宙飞船（2）表达思想、感情等的工具或手段e.g.Art may be used as a vehicle for propaganda.艺术可用做宣传工具。The play was an excellent vehicle for the actresss talents.那出戏给了那位女演员一个大好机会一展才华。（v

2、ehicle for sth.）课文原句 by horse or by simple vehicle such as a carriage 2privateadj. & n.（1）adj. 私人的；私有的；个人的e.g. This is my fathers own private chair, which no one else is allowed to use. 这是父亲专用的椅子，别人一概不许使用。 a private letter私人信件（2）adj. 不公开的；秘密的e.g.Im not going to tell you about it; its private.我不打算把此事

3、告诉你；这是私事。Id like a private chat with you.我想跟你私下谈谈。（3）n. 士兵；列兵e.g.He enlisted as a private. 他入伍当了士兵。Private Smith列兵史密斯课文原句 streets with markets, small shops and private houses3impressionn. 印象；感觉；看法e.g.His first speech as president made a strong impression on his audience.他当会长后的第一次演讲给听众留下了深刻的印象。My gen

4、eral impression was that he seemed a pleasant man.我总的印象是他似乎很和蔼可亲。I had the distinct impression that I was being followed.我清楚地感觉到有人跟踪我。I was under the impression that you were coming tomorrow.我以为你明天才来呢。（be under the impression that）课文原句 FIRST IMPRESSION4constantadj. 经常的；不断发生的；坚定的；忠实的e.g.constant chat

5、tering, complaints, interruptions没完没了的饶舌、抱怨、打搅This entrance is in constant use；do not block it.这个入口经常使用，不要挡住。a constant friend, companion, supporter, etc忠实的朋友、伴侣、支持者等constantlyadv. 不断地；经常地e.g.Hes constantly disturbing me.他老是打扰我。She worries constantly.她经常苦恼。课文原句 I have to constantly rub my eyes to re

6、mind myself that I have traveled to the year AD 3005.5previousadj. 以前的e.g.on a previous occasion在早先的一个场合Arent you rather previous in supposing that I will marry you?你以为我会嫁给你不是言之过早吗？课文原句 This is similar to the “jet lag” you get when flying, but instead it means you keep getting flashbacks from your p

7、revious time period.6surroundingn. & adj.周围的事物；环境；周围的e.g.I live in pleasant surroundings.我生活在舒适的环境中。Animals in zoos are not in their natural surroundings.动物园中的动物没有自然环境。York and the surrounding countryside约克城及其近郊课文原句 Confused by the new surroundings, I was hit by the lack of fresh air.7lackn. & v. 缺乏

8、；短缺的东西(no passive)e.g.They lacked the money to send him to university.他们没钱送他上大学。They lacked for nothing.他们无所需求。（lack for sth）a lack of care, money, water缺乏关心、金钱、水The project had to be abandoned for lack of funds.工程因资金缺乏只得放弃。课文原句 Confused by the new surroundings, I was hit by the lack of fresh air.8a

9、chen. & vi. 疼痛(often in compounds)e.g.backache/earache/a headache/ stomachache/toothache/ a tummy-acheMy body was all aches and pains.我浑身疼痛。He has an ache in his/the chest.他胸部疼痛。My head aches/is aching.我头痛。Im aching all over.我浑身疼痛。It makes my heart ache to see her suffer.看到她受罪使我痛心。He was aching for

10、home/to go home.他渴望回家。（ache for sb./sth.）课文原句 My head ached.9bend v. （使）弯曲e.g.Touch your toes without bending your knees.用手够到你的脚趾，膝盖别弯曲。She bent down and picked it up.她俯身把它给拾起来。课文原句 These hovering carriages float above the ground and by bending and pressing down on the driving stick strongly one can

11、 move swiftly.10press n. & v.按；压；逼迫；印刷e.g.Those trousers need a press.那条裤子该熨一熨。The Press were not allowed to attend the trial.新闻界人士不得出庭旁听。（the Press）Oxford University Press牛津大学出版社The child pressed her nose against the window.那小孩把鼻子贴在窗户上。press (in) a button按电钮课文原句 These hovering carriages float above

12、 the ground and by bending and pressing down on the driving stick strongly one can move swiftly.11requirev. 要求；需要；命令e.g.We require extra help.我们需要额外的帮助。The situation requires that I should be there.情况需要我在那里。Is that all that you require, sir?先生，您还要别的吗？I have done all that is required by law.我已按照法律规定把

13、一切做好。课文原句 They require the same atmosphere as humans and are great engineers.12mastern. & v.（1）n. 主人；雇主e.g. master and servant 主人和仆人（2）n.熟练技工；能手；独立经营者e.g. a master carpenter, builder, etc手艺高的木工、独立经营的营造商（3）n.（中小学的）男教师e.g.schoolmaster教师the French master法语教师（4）vt.控制；制服（某事物）e.g. master ones temper, feel

14、ings, etc控制住脾气、感情等（5）vt. 掌握；精通（某事物）e.g.master a foreign language掌握一门外语She has fully mastered the technique.她已完全掌握了这种技术。He has mastered the saxophone.他已精通萨克管的演奏。课文原句 It took me only a few minutes to master the idea and soon I could fly as fast as Wang Ping.13optimisticadj. 乐观的；乐观主义的e.g.an optimistic

15、view of events对事情的乐观看法Shes not optimistic about the outcome.她对结果不很乐观。课文原句 Have a class discussion and decide whether you think the writer has an optimistic or a pessimistic view of the future.14switch（1）n.开关e.g.a two-way switch 两线开关a light switch灯的开关press the switch on/off 按开关通电/断电（2）vi.& vt. 开关电路；交

16、换；调换e.g.switch on the radio打开收音机switch off the gas关掉煤气Dont switch (the TV) off yet. 暂时不要关掉（电视机）。Our glasses have been switchedthis is mine.我们的玻璃杯对调了这是我的。You drive first and then well switch round/ over.你先驾驶，过一会儿咱们换着开。课文原句 Wang Pings mother appeared, flashed a switch on a computer screen, and a table

17、 and chairs rose from under the floor as if by magic.15extraordinaryadj.（1）不平常的；非常的，格外的（beyond what is ordinary; very unusual; remarkable）e.g.Her talents are quite extraordinary.她才华出众。extraordinary weather for the time of year一年中某段时间的反常天气Its extraordinary that he has not come.他没有来太奇怪了。（It is extraor

18、dinary that）（2）（指安排，会议等）特别的（of arrangements, meeting, etc additional to what is usual or ordinary）e.g. an extraordinary general meeting特别全会课文原句 Inside, it is divided into zones with extraordinarily different atmospheres and gravities.三、重点短语1take up（1）begin to spend time doing sth.开始花时间从事(某种活动)e.g.Jo

19、hn took up acting while he was at college. 约翰在上大学时开始喜欢上演戏。He has taken up playing the guitar.他开始迷上玩吉它。（2）fill or use (space or time)占用e.g. take up time (space)占时间/ 空间课文原句 I still cannot believe that I am taking up my prize that was won last year.2remindof使回想起或意识到e.g.This reminded them of the days wh

20、en they were in the army.这使他们想起了在部队里的那些日子。I must remind you of your promise.我必须提醒你答应过的事情。课文原句 I have to constantly rub my eyes to remind myself that I have traveled to the year AD 3005.3jet lag飞行时差反应课文原句 This is similar to the “jet lag” you get when flying, but instead it means you keep getting flas

21、hbacks from your previous time period.4loose sight of看不见；忽略；忘记e.g.I watched the plane go higher and higher until I lost sight of it.我望着飞机越飞越高，直至看不见。Johnny was so interested in the game that he lost sight of the time.约翰尼对比赛如此感兴趣以致把时间都忘了。课文原句 There were so many carriages that I lost sight of Wang Ping

22、.5catch sight of瞥见，看见e.g.Tom caught sight of a bus slowing down before the stop.汤姆看见一辆公共汽车在车站前慢了下来。We caught sight of the lake below as we drove through the pass.我们驶过隘口时，瞥见了下面的湖泊。课文原句 Just then I caught sight of Wang Ping and flew after him.6speed up加速；使加速反slow downe.g.I had to speed up the car.我不得不

23、加快车速。Installations of these machines will speed up production fifty percent.安装好这些机器可以使生产加快百分之五十。The train soon speeded up.火车很快就加速了。课文原句 If you want to speed up, you must press down harder on the pedal.7sweep up打扫；横扫e.g.The leaves were swept up into the air by the wind.树叶被风刮到了空中。课文原句 After you have h

24、ad your dinner, you must sweep up the rubbish on the floor so the room is clean for the next group of people.8assist in帮助；援助；协助e.g.Two men are assisting the police in their enquires. 有两个人正在协助警方进行对他们的询问。课文原句 They have assisted in the discovery of planets round the fourth star in the Pleiades system.

25、9space agency宇航局课文原句 Next year the World Space Agency will send a spaceship to examine this star and its planets.四、重难点句子解析1Tomorrow you will be ready for some visits organized by the company.译文明天你们将准备进行一些由公司组织的参观项目。organized by the company 是过去分词作后置定语的用法。e.g.I followed him to collect a hovering carri

26、age driven by computer.Some of the people invited (=who have been invited) to the party cant come.2Confused by the new surroundings, I was hit by the lack of fresh air.译文新的环境把我弄得心烦意乱的，由于缺乏新鲜空气，我感到受不了。过去分词confused在句中作状语，表示与主句中动作伴随发生的状况。e.g.Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few

27、days.Exhausted, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.lack n. & v. 缺乏；不足e.g.He did not enter university because of a lack of money in his family.He is good at his job but sometimes he seems to lack confidence.3This is similar to the “jet lag” you get when flying, but instead it means you keep getting

28、 flashbacks from your previous time period.译文这种病有些像乘喷气式飞机高速飞行时所引起的时差反应那样，所不同的是，它意味着你的脑海里不停地从以前的时间段一直往回闪去。flashback 闪回；倒叙e.g.The events in his happy family life are shown in flashback.他幸福的家庭生活是用倒叙法来表现的。Many soldiers who came back from Vietnam had to struggle with painful flashbacks from the war.从越南战场

29、回来的许多士兵仍然在战争的痛苦回忆中挣扎。五、语法专项: 过去分词作定语和状语（一）过去分词的定义及其基本形式1过去分词是动词的另一种非限定形式，过去分词具有动词，形容词和副词的特性，可以带宾语或受状语修饰。过去分词和宾语或状语一起构成过去分词短语。如：（1）Spoken English.英语口语（过去分词具有形容词的特性，作定语）（2）Given more time, we could do it much better.=If we were given more time, we could do it much better.多给点时间，我们会做得更好些。（过去分词具有动词的特性，有自

30、己的宾语more time，构成分词短语；过去分词短语在句中作状语，具有副词的特性。）2过去分词的基本形式（1）规则动词的过去分词由动词ed构成（2）不规则动词的过去分词段逐个记忆。（3）不规则动词的过去分词表示完成，如：fallen leaves =leaves which have fallen落叶（4）及物动词的过去分词表示被动或完成，如：the machines used in the workshop =the machines which are used in the workshop车间用的机器（及物动词的过去分词表示被动）I heard the door opened.=I

31、heard the door has been opened.我听见门被打开了。（及物动词的过去分词表示被动和完成）（二）过去分词的句法功能过去分词是一种非谓语动词，在句中不能单独做谓语。但它具有形容词和副词的特性，故在句中可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。1、定语作定语用的过去分词如果是单个的词，就放在被修饰的词的前面；若为分词短语则放在所修饰的词的后面。如：e.g.The excited children are opening their Christmas presents.兴奋的孩子们正在打开他们的圣诞礼物。Some of the people invited (=who have been invi