语音练习材料.docx

1、语音练习材料英语有26个字母，有大小写。英语有48个音素，元音20个，辅音28个（包括两个半元音/w/和/j/）vowels（20）/i/ /i:/ /e/ / /u/ /u:/ / /:/ / /:/ /:/ /ei/ /i/ /i/ /u/ /u/ /i/ / /u/consonants（28）/p/ /b/ /t/ /d/ /k/ /g/ /f/ /v/ / /s/ /z/ / / /r/ /h/ /ts/ /dz/ /tr/ /dr/ / /m/ /n/ / /l/ /w/ /j/ / / /t/ /d/ /r/ /h/ /w/ /j/ 要把音标用/ /或 括起来。元音和辅音的划分标准

2、主要是看发音时气流是否受到阻碍。不受阻碍的音素就是元音，受到阻碍的音素就是辅音。清辅音在发音时声带不振动。浊辅音在发音时声带振动。/i/ give giv chip tip video vidiu with wi build bildbaby beibiforeign image business biznis /i:/ Steve we me she he cheese ti:z sweet swi:t coffee kfi: beef meetbleed 流血 beet bi:t 甜菜 cheap ti:p meat heat Peter pi:t fever receive risi:v

3、achieve ti:v believe key ki: ski/e/ elephant elifnt red red den den ten hen elevenbreath bre head ready pleasure wealth healthfriend / ant t bat bt cat kt angry gri/u/ cook kuk foot fut book could kud should wouldto tu into intu /u:/ glue glu: blue goose gu:s boot root suit su:t bruise cruisertwo tu

4、: move mu:v / fun fn ugly gli mushroom mrum mutton onion nin flood fld blood couple trouble/:/ cart k:t smart sm:t hard h:d art :t laugh l:f aunt :nttomato tm:tu Afghanistan / across krs again gein aquarium China data deitdecoration dekrein decorate dekreit famous feims forget fget ketchup ketp lett

5、uce lets Los Angeles lsndls /:/ beancurd bi:nk:d curse k:s worker w:k word w:d bird b:d shirt:t/ hot ht stop stp hospital hspitl got gt watch wt cough kf /:/ warn w:n warm torch t:t force fortyclaw kl: draw jaw cause k:z autumn :tmbroad br:d board b:d roar r: all :l although :lu /ei/ mate cake skate

6、 hate vase tastebay bei hay stay clay hey obey great break reign /i/ kite cite site library bicycle high tight tie die Miami sky dye eye height /i/ toy boy joyboil join /u/ out about shout trout 鳟鱼 ploughcow town /u/ code kud decode dikud vote vut noteveto vetu ago post goat gut coat boat sew su own

7、 un owner un borrow shoulder ud /i/ here beer bi deer diear i beard tear 眼泪 ingredient ingri:dint / where wheir air hair h tear t撕 /u/ sure u gourmet gumei /p/ pull Pakistan Palestine apple stop psychology 心理学 pneumonia肺炎 pneumatic充气的/b/ bar but Bob ebb 退潮，落潮/t/ tower twin putt pt （高尔夫球）轻轻的一击 stoppe

8、d worked watched balanced /d/ dog card ad add played /k/ car card succeed career black pick pickle Korea stomach school character technology Christmastobacco knife knight know knew known /g/ gold grow go luggage baggage egg eggplant spaghetti ghost sorghum Afghanistan=Afghan/f/ phone fun sulphur slf

9、 foam fum flight flait face surface staff sta:f stuff stf laugh l:f toughtf enoughinf cough/v/ vet vision vine stove five / thought throw bath south / these i:z that t bathe bei breathe bri:/s/ smartphone stops tips mass nice nais distance city siti concert succeed success/z/ zoology zoo zebra line

10、zone jazz buzz boys shoes those / / shrimp rimp shrink rik sheep she sugar moustache chef Chicago / / usually television garage massage /r/ right rite bright write purr /h/ hit honey heel /ts/ carts tsunami tsu:na:mi /dz/ hides cards /tr/ tree train street /dr/ drive draw / /t/ cheap choose teach to

11、rture adventure future/ /d/ orange cage garage luggage baggagejade jet join jeans judge jawjudge dd gem dem germ d:m gymnasium Germany suggest /m/ mooncake room autumn movement -mb mcomb 梳子 kum tomb 坟墓 tu:m womb 子宫 wu:mbomb 炸弹 bm climb klaim/n/ spoon nose canoe machine inn know knowledge acknowledge

12、mentknife naif knight nait knee ni:/ mustang mst thing i think ik sink sikbank bk tank anger g/l/ loop loudly laptop alligator cool call settle /w/ weather warmth sweet wewheel while wheat white whip sweater /j/ year yes yield 可数名词的单数变成复数后的读音规则和行为动词的单数形式的读音规则几乎一样。规则如下：1. 单词末尾的音素如果是元音，加后s后，这个字母发/z/，例

13、如：boys n. /biz/ 男孩 flies n. /flaiz/ 苍蝇，飞蝇 blues n. /blu:z/ 布鲁斯音乐（一种慢四节拍忧郁的音乐）chillies n. /tiliz/ 辣椒 boxes n. /bksiz/ buses n. /bsiz/因为以-x或-s结尾的名词，变复数时要缀-es，此处的e字母发/i/，所以末尾的s发/z/。flees v. /fli:z/ 逃离 flies v. /flaiz/ 飞翔 2. 单词末尾的音素如果是浊辅音, 在浊辅音后s发/z/，例如：oranges n. /reidiz/ 橘子 jobs n. /dbz/ 工作 frogs n. /

14、frgz/ 青蛙 deeds n. /di:dz/ 事迹 changes v. n. /teindiz/ 改变，变化 chooses v. 选择 /tu:ziz/ 3. 单词末尾的音素如果是清辅音, 在清辅音后s发/s/，例如：Months n. /mns/ 月 moths n. /ms/ 飞蛾 Stops n. v. /stps/ 站点，停下 desks n. /desks/ 桌子flats n. /flts/ 平台 行为动词的规则变化，即在行为动词之后加-d或-ed的发音规则为：1. /p/ -ed /t/ 例如：stopped /stpt/ 停下 2. /k/ -ed /t/ 例如：as

15、ked /:skt/ 提问 一般说，一单词末尾拼写如果是一个辅音字母+e的话，该字母e不发音，但也有例外，例如：sesame n. 芝麻 /sesmi/ epitome n. 典范，典型 /ipitimi ipitmi/ karate /kr:ti/ n. 空手道 kamikaze adj. 自杀性的 ukulele n. 四弦小吉他 英语有重音, 而且重音位置有区别词语的语法、语义等内容的作用。例如:conflict knflikt v. knflikt n.content kntent v. kntent n.contest v. kntest n.contrast v. kntra:st

16、 n.digest v. n.discount v. n.export v. n.import v. n.extract v. n.object bdekt v. bdekt n.present v. n.produce v. n.protest v. n.record rik:d v. rek:d n.refuse rifjuz v. refjuz n.subject sbdekt v. sbdekt n.survey v. n.suspect sspekt v. sspekt n.音变就是一些清辅音后紧接着又是清辅音，后头的清辅音通常要变为相应的浊辅音，但书写音标时保持原样。例如：/sk-

17、/, 读作/sg-/, /sp-/, 读作/sb-/, /st/读作/sd/sky的音标是/skai/，读作/sgai/ spring的音标是/spri/，读作/sbri/ sport/sp:t/sb:t/张口度最扁最长 /i:/ /:/ 最大 / /e/ / / / / /:/例词汉语意思英国发音美国发音dark黑暗da:kda:rkcar小汽车ka:ka:rcolor颜色kl:kl:rfur皮毛、兽毛f:f:ri1、儿语dad daddy mom/mum mummy 妈咪2、亲昵Tom Tommy 汤咪 kitty 猫咪Sam Sammyts-tsar/tzar/czar n. za: za:r 沙皇tsarina/tzarina/czarina n. za:rin 女沙皇tsarism/tzarism/czarism n. za:rizm 俄国沙皇政体tsetse fly n. tsetsi flai 一种非洲舌蝇，采采蝇tsunami n. tsu:na:mi 海啸，海震