南京工大设备知识题全.docx

1、南京工大设备知识题全作业习题第一章1. 给下列容器按安全技术管理分类: 1).设计压力1.6Mpa,容积3m3,储存中度危害介质的容器; 2).设计压力0.5Mpa,汽车上装液氨的储罐; 3).设计压力10Mpa,介质无毒害的容器; 4).设计压力0.1Mpa的搪玻璃容器.第二章 压力容器应力分析1. 已知旋转壳体的经线为一段圆弧，半径为a，已知，求该壳体A 点处的第一、第二曲率半径。2. 碟形封头由半径R的球面，高度为h的圆筒以及半径为r的折边部分组成，试分别确定A、B、C三点主曲率半径R1和R2。3. 某贮槽由圆筒形壳与无折边锥壳组成，容器的内径Di=1600（mm），厚度t=12（mm）

2、，半顶角a=30，若P=0.5MPa，度求连接点处的横推力Q。4. 周边简支的球状壳体，受自重的作用，设单位面积的自重为q，试求壳体内的薄膜应力。又当为多大时值将出现压应力？5. 圆筒形贮液桶，中间支承，内直径D，壁厚t，桶内液体密度，度确定壳壁中A、B和C三处的薄膜应力。（注：无气压）6. 一直立圆筒形容器、顶部敞口、充满重度为r的液体，半径为R，壁厚为t，高为H。现分别采用沿顶部圆周和底部圆周支承。试求两圆筒在m处的应力。7. 一桶形容器，液面高度如图所求，液体重度为r，试求：（1）球底部分任意截面m-m处的应力；（2）球底部分的最大应力。8. 圆筒形容器与球形容器相连接如图所示，Di=2

3、000（mm），S=S1=10mm，材料为碳钢，试求：（1）边缘力Q0，边缘力矩M0；（2）连接处筒体上的边缘应力。9. 钢制圆筒，内半径a=150（mm），外半径b=300（mm），已知内壁温度比外壁温度高10，试作图表示温差应力沿筒壁的分布情况，并分析温差应力对在操作条件下筒壁应力状况的影响，已知材料的弹性模数E=2.1105MPa；泊桑比 =0.3，线膨胀系数=13.410-61/。10. 一厚壁圆筒，内直径600mm，壁厚60 mm，受到内压15MPa，外压4MPa的作用，试问：内壁面的周向应力、轴向应力、径向应力分别为多大？作图表示其应力沿壁厚的变化。11. 一受内压的钢制圆筒，内压

4、为62.5MPa，在工作温度下，圆筒材料的 =300MPa，筒体内直径800mm，外直径1000 mm，试用Mises屈服准则判断圆筒的内壁是否屈服？并对内、外壁的应力进行计算。12. 某高压试验设备，内径D1=303（mm），外径D0=350（mm）；已知筒体材料为20号钢，其机械性能为=250MPa，=400MPa，试计算该容器的内壁屈服压力，整体屈服压力（根据特雷斯卡屈服条件，米赛斯屈服条件），爆破压力（按福贝尔公式）并给出压力P=12MPa时筒壁应力的分布图。13. 某化工设备，采用圆形平顶盖，工作压力为2.5 MPa，直径为1000mm，周边支承情况介于简支及固定之间，若材料为16M

5、n。=150 MPa试确定该顶盖的厚度。14. 受均布载荷的圆板，当其厚度为一定值时，试证明它能承受的总载荷为一与半径无关的定值。15. 一反应器内支承板，直径2000mm，周边简支，承受的总载荷为45000N，如该板允许的最大设计应力为100 MPa，则板厚须为多少？最大挠度为多少？已知材料E=2.0105 MPa，=0.3；若板中开一直径为500mm的中心孔，则相应的挠度为多少？16. 穿流式泡沫塔内直径为1500（mm），塔板上最大液层的高度为100 mm，塔板厚度为6 mm，材料为低碳钢，周边为简支，试求板中心处的最大挠度？若工艺要求塔板最大挠度需控制在1.5 mm以下，试问该塔板需增

6、加多少厚？（液体重度r液=1500kg/m3）。（E=2*105 MPa ，=0.3）17. 一钢质圆筒，受均布侧向外压作用，内直径1000，壁厚8，钢板负偏差0.8，腐蚀裕量取2，筒体长18m，内直径1000，在长度等分处设一加强圈，试计算该圆角的临界压力和临界应力？材料的弹性模量为1.8105MPa.18. A 10m diameter X 25mm thick cylindrical storage tank is filled with water to a depth of 10m. The tank is supported around the perimeter at a lo

7、wer of 5m from the base. Determine the membrane stresses below and above the support and in particular calculate the maximum values of these stresses.19. A circular plate radius “a”, and thickness “t” is simple supported around its diameter. Calculate the central deflection and maximum stress when u

8、niform pressure P is applied to a surface.20. For a circular plate radius b and thickness t which carries a concentrated load P at its center and which has its outer edge clamped, find the deflectin at the center.21. A long steel（E=2*105 MPa ， =0.3） cylinder has a mean diameter of 1.2m and a wall th

9、ickness of 15mm. Find the displacement and moment acting at a point 0.05m from the end caused by:1)an edge moment of 7500Nm/m;2)an edge shear force of 200KN/m.k=Et/R2=8.542GN/m3， 22. long cylinder 0.04m bore and 0.1m O.D. is made from a material which yields in simple tension at a constant stress of

10、 150MN/m2，calculate;1)the pressure for first yield2)the collapse pressure3)the shakedown pressure23. What is the required thickness of a 6ft. inside diameter cylinder, considering it as a thin wall vessel, to withstand an internal pressure of 1000 psi if the allowable tangential stress is 20000 psi?

11、24. What is the thickness of a spherical head for the cylinder of problem 23 if the dilation of the head and cylinder is to be equal?25. vessel composed of two cones each 1/4 in. thick and with 60 degree apex angles welded together at their bases, as shown in Figure, is subjected to internal uniform

12、 pressure of 50 psi. Neglecting the weight of the pressurizing media, determine the maximum height of this vessel if the hoop stress is limited to 1000 psi.26. In a thin vessel of revolution of thickness “t”, subject to an internal pressure “p”, the two principle stresses are equal. Prove that this

13、vessel is a sphere.27. A cylinder with a 48 in. inside diameter, and a 60 in. outside diameter is subjected to an internal pressure of 5000 psi. Determine the value and place of occurrence of :(a) the maximum tangential stress,(b) the maximum radial stress. 28. In the cylinder of problem 27, (a) wha

14、t is the average tangential stress and (b) what percent is this of the maximum tangential stress?29. A thick cylinder is subjected to only an external pressure directed inward. Derive an expression and reduce it to its simplest form for the hoop stress, radial stress at the inside and outside surfac

15、e.30. In the builtup shrink-fit cylinder, the inner cylinder has a Rc/Ri ratio equal to 1.5. In the outer cylinder, what is the value of the ratio Ro/Rc if the maximum compressive tangential stress in the inner cylinder is to be the maximum tangential tensile stress in the outer cylinder?第三章 压力容器材料1

16、. 为下列压力容器部件选择适当的材料:1).介质为氯化物溶液,工作温度5000C的筒体;2).工作温度为-500C的厚法兰;3).多层高压容器,工作温度2000C,介质腐蚀性不强;4).裙式支座;5).压力容器接管(压力6Mpa)6).温度4000C,设计压力15Mpa的临氢压力容器.第四章 压力容器设计1. 设计一内压圆筒，设计条件为：设计压力P=0.6MPa，设计温度t=100，筒体内径Di=1000mm，工作介质有轻微的腐蚀性C2=1mm，焊接时采用双面对接焊缝，局部无损探伤，试分别选用Q235-B，16MnR设计筒体，并进行比较。2. 今需将锅炉蒸汽压力由原来的0.7MPa提高到1.6MPa，试问汽包能否安全运行？已知汽包内径Di=1200mm，t=12mm，采用材料为20R