高考英语情态动词试题有答案和解析.docx

1、高考英语情态动词试题有答案和解析高考英语情态动词试题(有答案和解析)一、单项选择情态动词1It wasnt right to me that such near neighbors not know one another.Acould BwouldCshould Dmight【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：对我来说，很不正常，如此近的邻居居然不认识。A. could可能，能够；B. would将；C. should竟然；D. might可能，也许。should 作为情态动词，可以用来表示意外、惊喜或者在说话人看来是不可思议的，常常译为竟会、居然，住的这么近的邻居居然不认识。表示

2、意外，所以答案选C。【点睛】should的用法1、should 作为情态动词,通常用来表示现在或将来的责任或义务,译作“应该”、“应当”,这时它可以和 ought to, be supposed to 互换使用.例如：You should （= ought to ） tell your mother about it at once.2、should 作为情态动词,可以用在条件状语从句中,表示语气较强的假设,译作“万一”、“竟然”,这时也可将 should 置于从句之首,即将 should 放在主语前面,而省略从属连词 if。例如：If you should fail to come, ask

3、 Mrs Chen to work in your place. （= Should you fail to come, ask Mrs Chen to work in your place. ）3、should 作为情态动词,可以表示谦逊、客气、委婉之意,译为“可”、“倒”。例如：I should say that it would be better to try it again.4、should 作为情态动词,可以用来表示意外、惊喜或者在说话人看来是不可思议的.尤其在以 why, who, how 等开头的修辞疑问句或某些感叹句中常常译为“竟会”、“居然”。例如：How should

4、I know it ? 我怎么会知道这件事?5、should 作为情态动词,可以用来表示有较大可能实现的猜测、推论,通常译为“可能”、“总该吧”,相当于 be expected to 。例如：They should be home by now, I think. 我想现在他们总该到家了吧。6、should 作为情态动词,用在由 so that, for fear that, lest 引导的目的状语从句和 in case （that） 引导的条件状语从句中,有“能够”、“可能”、“会”之意。例如：They got up early so that they should （= could/

5、might） catch the first bus in time.7、should 作为情态动词,可以用于下列虚拟语气句中：(1） 用在表示与将来事实相反的条件状语从句中,构成“ If should （do sth）, would/ could/ might （do sth.） ”句式。(2) 用在 suggest （propose）, arrange, plan, decide, advise, order, demand, request, desire, insist 等表示“建议”、“要求”、“命令”、“决定”、“安排”、“计划”、“主张”的动词后面接的宾语从句中。这里的 shou

6、ld 也可以省略。本句中should 作为情态动词，可以用来表示意外、惊喜或者在说话人看来是不可思议的，常常译为竟会、居然，住的这么近的邻居居然不认识。表示意外，所以答案选C。2-Artistic people can be very difficult sometimes.-Well, you_know-you married one.Amight Bwould Cshall Dshould【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。A. might可能，也许；B. would将会；C. shall必须，会；D. should应该。句意：-有艺术修养的人有时很难相处。-你应当知道这一点，

7、因为你结婚那位就是搞艺术的。这里是按照常理推断，用should。3Its already 11 oclock , and he _ have been here half an hour ago.Maybe he got caught in the rain.Amust Bought toCmay Dcan【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：已经11点了，他半小时前就该到了。A. must have done必定做了（表示对过去的推测）；B. ought to have done 本应该做的；C. may have done可能已经做过某事；D. can have done本来可以做

8、的（但没有做），根据题意，故选B。4Traveling by subway _ sometimes be quite an adventure, especially during the rush hour.Amust Bcan Cshall Dshould【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：乘地铁旅行有时可能相当冒险，尤其是在交通高峰期。A. must必须；一定；B. can能够；可能；C. shall将会；D. should应该；应当。本句中can表示客观可能性（客观原因形成的能力），故选B。5Daddy, would you please buy me an iPhoneX?

9、If you can pass this midterm examination, you _ have one as a reward.Amust BneedCwould Dshall【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：爸爸，你可以给我买部iPhone X吗？-如果你通过考试，你就会得到一部作为奖励。A. must一定；B. need必要；C. would将，会；D. shall会。根据语境可知，这句话是父亲对子女的允诺，故选D。【点睛】shall的用法。1. shall作为助动词，一般用于第一人称和We，表示一个将来的动作，构成将来时态。shall后面接动词原形。例如：（1）I

10、shall think it over and Let you know my idea.我将考虑一下此事，然后告诉你我的想法。（2）We shall have a good time in the park.我们在公园里会玩得很高兴的。2. shall用于第一人称，表示征求对方的意愿。如：What shall we do this evening?3. shall用于第一、第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。如：Shall we begin our lesson? When shall he be able to leave the hospital?4. shall用于

11、第二、第三人称，表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁。如：You shall fail if you dont work harder. （警告） He shall have the book when I finish reading. （允诺）He shall be punished. （威胁）比如本题，根据语境可知，这句话是父亲对子女的允诺，故选D。6Mark _ have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.Aneednt Bwouldnt Cmustnt Dcouldnt【答案】A【解

12、析】 考查情态动词。needt have done 本不必要做某事，句意：迈克本不必要着急的。他以全速驾驶后，他早到了半个小时。wouldnt不会，mustnt禁止，couldnt不可能，所以选A。7It_ have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car.Amay Bcan Cmust Dshould【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词表猜测的用法。句意：一定是汤姆把车停在这儿的，因为他是唯一有车的人。A. may可能；B. can可能；C. must一定；D. should应该。由as he

13、is the only one with a car.可知一定是他把车停在这里的，非常有把握的肯定推测，故选C。8Well make the final decision on our scheme. _ you change your mind, please inform us as soon as possible.AShould BWere CWould DHad【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我们将对我们的计划做最后决定。如果你改变主意，请尽快通知我们。根据语境，此处用虚拟语气，表示与将来相反，从句用should+动词原形，省略if，should提前，陈述句是：

14、If you should change your mind。故选A。【点睛】虚拟语气中的倒装当虚拟条件句中含有 were，had，should时，可以将if省略，然后将 were，had，should，移至句首：1）If he should fail, he would kill himself.Should he fail, he would kill himself.万一失败，他就会自杀。2）If I were you, I would do it at once.Were I you, I would do it at once.假若我是你，我就会马上做。要是我能做此事，我一定会做。3

15、）If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it.Had he seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it.他昨天要是看到了你，他就会问你这事了。该小题属于上述的第一种情况。should作为情态动词，有一种特殊的用法：在虚拟条件状语从句中表示与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，可以把should放在句首，即主语前，从而省略从属连词if。原来的表述为：If you should change your mind。故选A。9The professor warned th

16、e students that on no account _ use mobile phones in his class.Ashould they Bthey shouldCdare they Dthey dare【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查部分倒装和情态动词。句意：这位教授警告学生们，在他的课堂上，决不应该使用手机。on no account意为“决不”，否定词放在句首，句子使用部分倒装，排除B、D项；这里表示应该，故选A。10I feel a little nervous.Take it easy. You _ have difficulty passing the exam whe

17、n you have prepared for it well.Amustnt Bneednt Cmay not Dshouldnt【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我觉得有点紧张。不要着急。当你准备充分时，通过考试应该不会有困难。A. mustnt禁止，不允许；B. neednt不必；C. may not可能不会；D. shouldnt不应该。结合句意可知答案为D。11I often felt troubled in my teens and my grandma _ comfort me, saying “Life is like that, dear”.Awould Bmig

18、ht Cshould Dmust【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：在我十几岁的时候，我经常感到烦恼，我的奶奶会安慰我说，“生活就是这样，亲爱的”。此处是would+动词原形，表示“过去总是做某事”。故选A。12 Mum, little Ray broke his toys again!It doesnt matter. You see, accidents _happen.Ashall Bshould Cmust Dwill【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：妈妈，小雷又弄坏了他的玩具。没事的，你看，意外总会发生。A. shall将要，会；B. should应当；C.

19、 must必须；D. will总是。Will可以表示习惯，意思为“惯于，总是”。故D选项正确。【点睛】will/would是情态动词，其表达的意思如下。(1)表示意志或意愿：决心，愿意，好吗?We will do our best to save the child. 我们会尽力抢救这个孩子。I told her to stop crying, but she just wouldnt listen. 我叫她别哭，可她就是不愿听。注：表示请求、建议或征求对方意见时，用Would you? 比用Will you?更婉转。如：Will/Would you please keep the door

20、open? 请让门开着好吗?Will/Would you go with me? 你愿意和我一起去吗?(2)表示真理或习惯：惯于，总是。如：Oil will float on water. 油总是浮在水面上。She will listen to music alone in her room for hours. 她独自在房间里听音乐，一听往往就是几小时。He would get up early when he lived in the country. 他住在乡下时总是早起。(3)表示要求：一定，必须。如：You will report to me afterward. 你稍后一定要向我报

21、告。(4)表示猜测：可能，大概。如：This will be the house youre looking for. 这大概就是你找的那所房子了。(5)表示功能：能。如：This auditorium will/would seat one thousand people. 这个礼堂能容纳一千人分析句子可知，本句中的will表示习惯，意思为“惯于，总是”且符合语境。故D选项正确。13One of our rules is that every student _ wear school uniform while at school.Amight BcouldCshall Dwill【答案】

22、C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：我们其中一条规则要求每个学生在校期间都要穿校服。shall可以表示“命令，警告，强制要求；允诺；法律，规定要做”，结合句意可知C正确。14The room is so clean. He _ have cleaned it yesterday evening.Awill BneedCcan Dmust【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词表推测。句意：房间如此干净，他一定是昨天晚上打扫过了。must have done表示对过去发生的事情有把握的猜测，意思是“一定（做过）”，故D项正确。15It is really cold and the groun

23、d is wet; it _ have rained last night.Amight BmustCcan Dshould【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：天气很冷而且地面是湿的，昨晚一定下了雨。根据上文the ground is wet可知，“昨晚下了雨”是肯定的，故用must have done“必定做了”表示对过去十分有把握的推测，故选B。【点睛】must have done用法辨析must have done：表示对过去的肯定的逻辑推测，推定某件事情、动作或状态可能在过去发生过（存在过）。He must have been a doctor, for he knows

24、 medicine so well. 他过去肯定是一位医生，他对医学如此了解。Somebody must have stolen the ring. 肯定有人偷了这枚戒指. 该句所推断的偷窃动作发生在过去.The temperature must have dropped to below zero last night, because the water is frozen all over.昨夜的温度肯定降到零度以下，因为水都冻住了。如果“must + have + 过去分词”句型与by now连用，还可以表示对现在完成的动作和状态的肯定推测，但实质上还是指所推测的过去的动作。例如：Th

25、ey started early this morning; they must have arrived by now. 他们今晨很早就出发了，现在肯定已经到了。中国学生的常见病句是：They.; they certainly have arrived.病句的句义是“他们当然已经到达了。”（这不是对过去的肯定推测，而是断定动作已经完成。）16Paul did a great job in the speech contest. He many times last week.Aneed have practised Bmight practiseCmust have practised Dc

26、ould practise【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：保罗在演讲比赛中表现得很好。他上星期一定练习了很多次。must have done是对过去发生的动作最有把握的猜测，意思是“一定”。故C选项正确。17_ the woman with the baby come over? We have a seat here.Thank you, sir. Actually I do have my seat here. But my baby likes to look out of the window.AWould BShallCMust DMay【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情

27、态动词。句意：那位抱小孩的女士，要不来这边吧?这儿有个座位。谢谢，实际上我有座位的，只是我的孩子喜欢看窗外。would表示婉转的请求，征求对方的意见，Shall提问一般只用于第一人称，我们常说Shall I.或者 Shall we；may表示请求对方允许。故选A。【点睛】would的用法1.would 最常见的用法是：相对于一个过去时间点的后来“将要”做什么，比如：He said he would meet me at the station. 他说他会在车站接我的。这句中的 would meet 是相对于 said （过去说）之后要做的事情。又如：She thought she would

28、have to ask someone for help. 她当时想，她得找个人帮忙。18-Is Jack still in hospital?-Yes. He _ the bad food.Awouldnt eat Bshouldnt eatCwouldnt have eaten Dshouldnt have eaten【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意;-杰克孩子医院吗？-是，他本不应该吃坏的食物的。因为是过去吃了坏食物，所以排除AB，这里的shouldnt have done表示“过去本不应该做而做了”，wouldnt have done过去本不会做而做了，所以选D。考点：考查情态动词和虚

29、拟语气19Its so cold here! Why havent you turned on your air-conditioner?Well, it _ turn on.Ashouldnt Bcant Cwont Dshant【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：这里太冷了！你为什么不把空调打开呢？嗯，这个空调老是打不开。A. shouldnt不应该；B. cant不能；C. wont偏偏不，老是不，此处是表示习惯或倾向；D. shant不会。这里使用will的否定wont表示事物的自然属性“空调总是开不开”。故选C项。20Peter, you delivered a wonde

30、rful speech today.Thanks, but I think I _ more attention to my stage manners during that time.Amust pay Bshould payCmust have paid Dshould have paid【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意：-彼得，你今天的演讲很精彩。-谢谢，但我认为在那段时间我应该多注意我的舞台礼仪。should have done表示本应该做某事而实际上没有做某事。由“but”可知，我那段时间本应该多注意我的舞台礼仪，而实际上并没有注意。故选D项。21Every coin has two sides. Beautiful songs, sometimes, _ just be noise to others.Amust Bshould Cmay Dwould【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：任何事物都有两面性。美丽的歌曲，有时候，对别人来说也许是噪音。A. must一定，表示肯定推测；B. should应该；C. may也许，可能；D. would将会，表示