1、小升初英语复习重点小升初英语复习重点系统语法学习。小升初英语考试中单项选择比例占到15%-30%,同时,在其他各种题型中也都涉及到大量的语法知识。进行系统的语法的学习非常必要。重点词汇积累。词汇量:一般重点中学的小升初英语考试,都要求学生具有2000到3000的词汇量,而且要求学生能读、能听懂这些单词,甚至要求孩子会拼写。实际运用能力:知识学到手会用才是关键。具体知识点:第一部分;基础知识1.字母:26个字母的大小写ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz2.语音:元音的发音五个元音字母:A E I O U 音标认读:一、元音前元
2、音: i: i e i: 发音组合: e ee ea ie ei 代表单词: me he we evenbee feel breeze(微风,简单的事) deep free Seat(座位) beat(打,击,敲;冲击) lead(引领,最前端) tea eat reason Grief(悲痛,伤痛) believe achieve Receive(收到,接收) conceive(构想,想象) i 发音组合: i 代表单词: sit bit kick pick wish e 发音组合: e ea a 代表单词:pen ten best beg egg netbread heaven(天堂,天国
3、) marry any many 发音组合: a 代表单词: cap map bad mad( 发疯的,发狂的) bank thank lamp(灯,油灯,灯火) 中元音:: : 发音组合:or ir er ur ear代表单词:work worker worm(蠕虫, 使缓慢前进 bird dirt(污物;) affirm(断言,申明) term Burn(烧毁) surf(碎浪,海浪;浪花) Pearl(珍珠) learn 发音组合:a er or 代表单词:appear arise again alike a man a pen teacher mother brother driver
4、 anger doctor actor tutor(家庭教师,私人教师) famous jealous(妒忌的,吃醋的)后元音: a: u: u : a: 发音组合:ar ear al代表单词:far dark hart farm garden bar star heart half 发音组合:u o代表单词:up cut but bus luck butter(奶油) Monk(和尚) onion(洋葱)u: 发音组合:oo o ou u代表单词:food fool(蠢人) boom( (雷,大炮等的)隆隆声) cool hoop(铁圈,戒指,耳环) pool(水塘,水池) shoot (发
5、射,放射)tomb group blue clue(提示,线索) rule truth conclude(推断出,结束)u 发音组合:oo u ou 代表单词:foot good cook(煮,烧) hook(钩,挂钩) took Pull(拉,拖,牵,拽;搬走) full bull(公牛,壮汉,) should : 发音组合:a oo aw ou ore au or ar 代表单词:talk ball hall( 会堂;大厅) call door floor Law(法律) saw bought fought(fight的过去式和过去分词,打仗;搏斗;打架;奋斗)thought before
6、 ignore caught naughty( 顽皮的,淘气的;撒野的) nautical(海上的;船员的;船舶的;航海的) force born sort( 种类,品种,类型 ) warn 发音组合:o 代表单词: not cop(抓,捕) rot(腐烂,腐坏;腐朽,破损) hot lot dog nod shop 合口双元音为: ei ai au u ei发音组合:ei a ai ay代表单词:eight day may paid main cake fate naked snake lake make name ai发音组合:y i uy代表单词:cry dry my kite high
7、 bike tight fine time buy guy发音组合:oy oi 代表单词:toy boy loyal noise voice point soil coin oil au发音组合:ou ow代表单词:house sound out noun bow town now toweru 发音组合:o ow oa代表单词:host nose tone hole note coke cope bowl know low own boat coat 集中双元音为:i u i 发音组合:eer ear ere 代表单词:beer deer hear near fear here 发音组合:a
8、ir ear are ere代表单词:hair fair air chair bear swear dare hare there u发音组合:oor ure our代表单词:poor lure sure tour 二、辅音爆破音: p b t d k g p 发音组合:p代表单词:pay pipe put pie peachsport speed spend b 发音组合:b 代表单词:bird bed bag big buy bake bill bear book t 发音组合:t 代表单词:tea teacher team tare tank taught tip it meet cat
9、 thought fate tent boat student stand stick d 发音组合:d代表单词:do did does deer date dig doom need bed climbed k 发音组合:c k ck代表单词:cake car can cat come kite sky keep pick back g 发音组合:g代表单词:geese go gap get big bag beg 爆破音小结:1) p t k 是清辅音,发音时声带不震动,送气要强。 2) b d g 是浊辅音,发音时声带必须震动。摩擦音: f v 3 s z h r f 发音组合:f ph
10、 代表单词:five first life fine fat fail fair fall farm telephone phonetics photo v 发音组合:v 代表单词:vote vine vat vail very vase leave five 发音组合:th 代表单词:think teeth thick theme thank thought both tooth truth fifth mouth cloth faith breath发音组合:th 代表单词:this that these those then than though 发音组合:sh s ss ch代表单词
11、:ship fish sheet sheep dishsure ensure assure machine3发音组合:s代表单词:pleasure usual leisure measure s 发音组合:s c 代表单词:seem set seek say see books dense mouse cups face ice race price z 发音组合:z s代表单词:zoo prize zeal raise knees eyes h 发音组合:h wh 【注意】wh 在元音字母o前才发此音。代表单词:hot home house horse hate high whole who
12、 whose whom r 发音组合:r wr代表单词:race red rice rain right road free fry pray wrong write摩擦音小结:英语中有十个摩擦音即: f v 3 s z h r 发摩擦音时必须注意:1) 口腔通道不完全阻塞,留有窄小空隙, 气流从中泄出时摩擦或震动成音。2) 摩擦音可以延长而发音器官位置不变。破擦音: t 发音组合:ch 代表单词:cheap child chest choke check catch watch d3 发音组合:j g dg代表单词:jeep joke jew juice judge tr 发音组合:tr代表
13、单词:tree treat trip train tram dr 发音组合: dr代表单词: dream drag draw drink children ts 发音组合:ts 代表单词:sits seats mates peasants parents dz 发音组合:ds 代表单词:needs seeds spends 鼻辅音: m n m 发音组合:m代表单词:some come dime mother map moon n 发音组合:n代表单词:noon nose note not no nothing moon soon son gun thin run dine gain 发音组合
14、:ng n 代表单词:sing song singer king thingink sink thank tank 舌边音: l 发音组合: l 代表单词:清晰音 l let lad late laid leap lap 代表单词:含糊音 l deal tell belt sale table半元音: w j w 3.词汇:词汇量,近反义词4.句子:大小写,标点符号第二部分:语法知识一 名词:名词单复数,名词的格 名词分为可数名词和不可数名词可数名词有:apple desk pen pencil box 不可数名词有:paper, juice, water, milk, rice, tea(一
15、)名词单数变复数1一般情况,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2以s. x. sh. ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries4以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives leaf -leaves wife-wives 5、以字母o 结尾的加es 的有:hero Negro toma
16、to potato 其他以o 结尾的都加s 如zoo photo 6不规则名词复数:man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, 7、单复同形: fish-fish, people-people, sheep-sheep 8、中日不变 英法变,其他s加后面Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese Frenchman -Frenchmen Englishman-Englishme
17、n German-Germans (二)名词的格(1) 有生命的东西的名词所有格:a) 单数后加 s 如: Lucys ruler my fathers shirtb) 以s 结尾的复数名词后加 如: his friends bags Teachers Day c) 不以s 结尾的复数后加 s childrens shoes 并列名词中,如果把 s加在最后一个名词后,表示共有, 如: Tom and Mikes car 汤姆和迈克共有的小汽车 要表示所有物不是共有的,应分别在并列名词后加s Toms and Mikes cars 汤姆和麦克各自的小汽车 (2)表示无生命东西的名词通常用“ of
18、 名词”来表示所有关系:如:a picture of the classroom a map of China二.冠词:不定冠词,定冠词种类:(1)不定冠词:a / an a unit / an uncle 元音音素开头的可数名词前用an : an egg / an apple / an orange / an eraser / an answer / an ID card / an alarm clock / an actor / an actress / an e-mail / an address / an event / an example / an opera / an houra
19、n old man / an interesting book / an exciting sport / an action movie / an art lesson /(2)定冠词:the the egg the plane2. 用法:定冠词的用法:(1)特指某(些)人或某(些)物: The ruler is on the desk. (2)复述上文提到的人或物:He has a sweater. The sweater is new.(3)谈话双方都知道的人或物:The boys arent at school.(4)在序数词前: Johns birthday is February
20、the second.(5)用于固定词组中: in the morning / afternoon / evening 不用冠词的情况:(1)专有名词前:China is a big country. (2)名词前有定语:this , that , my , your , some, any , no 等:This is my baseball.(3)复数名词表示一类人和事:Monkeys cant swim. They are teachers.(4)在节日,日期,月份,季节前:Today is Christmas Day. Its Sunday.(5)一日三餐前:We have break
21、fast at 6:30.(6)球类 棋类运动前:They often play football after class. He plays chess at home. * 但乐器前要用定冠词:I play the guitar very well.(7)学科名称前:My favorite subject is music.(8)在称呼或头衔的名词前:This is Mr Li.(9)固定词组中:at noon at night by bus三、代词:人称代词,物主代词形容词性物主代词+名词=名词性物主代词 my book =mine 四、形容词,副词:比较级,最高级(一)、形容词的比较级
22、1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用:两个事物或人的比较用比较级,比较级后面一般带有单词than。比较级前面可以用more, a little来修饰表示程度。than后的人称代词用主格(口语中可用宾格)。2形容词加er的规则: 一般在词尾加er ; 以字母e 结尾,加r ; 以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加er ; 以“辅音字母+y”结尾,先把y变i,再加er 。3不规则形容词比较级:good-better, beautiful-more beautiful(二)副词的比较级1形容词与副词的区别 (有be用形,有形用be;有动用副,有副用动)在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前
23、或be动词之后 副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后2副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同 (不规则变化:well-better, far-farther)3、频率副词,always usually often sometimes never 例如:I always go shopping on Sunday .对频率进行提问用how often How often do you play tennis ? Once a week .Once 一次 twice 两次 three times 三次 four times 四次 依次类推五 、数词:基数词,序数词一、基数词基数词:(1)1-
24、20one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen, sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen,twenty(2)21-99 先说“几十”,再说“几”,中间加连字符。23twenty-three,34thirty-four,45fortyfive,56fifty-six,67sixty-seven,78seventy-eight,89eighty-nine,91ninety-one(3)101999先说“几百”,再加and,再加末两位数
25、或末位数;586five hundred and eighty-six,803eight hundred and three(4)l,000以上,先从右往左数,每三位数加一个“,”,第一个“,”前为thousand.第二个“,”前为million,第三个“,”前为billion 1,001one thousand and one18,423eighteen thousand,four hundred and twenty-three6,260,309six million two hundred and sixty thousand three hundred and nine750,000,
26、000,000seven hundred and fifty billion序数词:(1)一般在基数词后加theg.fourfourth,thirteenthirteenth(2)不规则变化onefirst,twosecond,threethird,fivefifth,eighteighth,nineninth,twelvetwelfth(3)以y结尾的十位整数,变y为ie再加thtwentytwentieth, fortyfortieth, ninetyninetieth(4)从二十一后的“几十几”直至“几百几十几”或“几千几百几十几”只将个位的基数词变为序数词。twenty-first,t
27、wo hundred and forty-fifth基数词转为序数词的口诀:基变序,有规律,词尾加上-th.一,二,三,特殊记,词尾字母t,d,d.八去t,九去e, ve要用f替。ty将y变成i,th前面有个e.若是碰到几十几,前用基来后用序。六、介词:常用介词:in, on, at, behind等On 在-上面 under 在-下面 in front of 在-前面 next to 在-旁边in在-里面 behind在-后面 between在-之间 1.at表示时间概念的某一个点。(在某时刻、时间、阶段等)。 at 1:00(dawn,midnight,noon)在一点钟(黎明、午夜、中午
28、) at Christmas 在圣诞节2on 1)星期前 on Sunday 表示具体的某一天前 on the April 10th 例如:关于在周末的几种表示法: On the weekend 在周末-特指 during the weekend 在周末期间 2)在-上面 on the table 3in 在-里面、月份前、季节前例如: in the box 在盒子里 in May 在五月份 in Spring 在春天例如:Where is the book ? Its on under the sofa . Where is the ball ? Its in the box .七、情态动词
29、:表示 Can 能、会 should 应该must必须 have to 不得不,may 可能, 情态动词无人称和数的变化;不能单独使用,必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语 。例如:I can swim . I have to go to shool. I don have to go to shool on Sunday .八、be 动词 Be 动词的用法:(1) Am-was Is -was Are-were 口诀:我用am, 你用are, is用在他她它,复数全用are。(2) 肯定和否定句 I am (not) from London. He is(not) a teacher. She is(not) in the dining room. My hair is(not) long. Her
copyright@ 2008-2022 冰豆网网站版权所有
经营许可证编号:鄂ICP备2022015515号-1