1、大学英语四级词汇前后缀第一部分前缀a ,an 无,不,非astable不稳定的acentric无中心的含有in,on,at,by,with,to等意义asleep在熟睡中ahead向前ab 脱离abnormal不正常的abaxial离开轴心的anti 反抗antiwar反战的anti-imperialist反帝的auto 自动,自己autobiography自传auto-stable自动稳定be 使加强belittle使缩小befriend友好相待bi 二,双biweekly双周刊biligual两种语言的co,col,com,con,cor共同cooperation协作collaborati
2、on协作,勾结combine联合;correlation相互关系counter,contra 反,对应counteraction反作用contrast对比,对照di,dif,dis 否定,相反diffident不自信的dislike不喜欢en,em 使enlarge扩大enable使能empower使有权力e,ex 外,出external外部的erupt喷出extra 以外,超过extraordinary格外的extra-solar太阳系以外的hyper 在上,超hyper-frequency超高频hypersonic超声的il,im,in,ir 否定illogical不合逻辑的impossi
3、ble不可能的invisible不可见irrational不合理的inter 互相interchange交换interlock连锁intra,intro 在内,内部intrapersonal个人内心的introspect内省mal 恶,不良maltreat虐待malfunction机能失常micro 微microscrope显微镜microware微波mid 中,中间mid-air半空中midstream中流mini 小minibus小公共汽车ministate小国mis 错,坏mistake错误misspell拼错multi 多multiparty多党的multilingual多种语言的no
4、n 否定nonsmoker不抽烟的人nonexistent不存在的out 超过,过度,外,出,除去outgo走得比远outgrow长得太大outdoor户外的outroot除根over 上,过度overwork工作过度overbridge天桥post 后postwar战后postnatal诞生后的pre 前,领先prewar战前的prefix前缀re 回,再r semi 半semicircle半圆semiconductor半导体sub,suc,suf,sup 次,亚,在下,低于substandard低于标准规格的succeed继承suffix后缀supplement增补trans转换,变换,横
5、过,越过transmit传送transatlantic横渡大西洋的tri 三tricar三轮车triangle三角(形)un 否定unstable不稳定的unknown未知的under下,内(指衣服),不足underground地下的underskirt衬裙underpay付资不足uni 单一uniform均匀的unipolar单极的后缀able, ible可的,能的readable可读的sensible可觉察的age表状态,性质,行为breakage破损shortage缺乏al(adj )具有性质的,如的personal个人的regional地区的al(n )表动作,人,事物proposal
6、提案professional专业人员ance, ence表状态,行为,性质importance重要性confidence自信ancy, ency表状态,行为,性质constancy一惯性urgency紧迫性ant, ent表人,物,行为applicant申请人correspondent通信者arian表各种年龄,派别,主义,职业的人humanitarian人道主义的utilitarian功利主义者crat支持,参与者democrat民主人士bureaucrat官僚dom表性质,状态,行为freedom自由wisdom智慧ee表动物的承受者employee雇员trainee受训练的人eer从事的
7、人pioneer开拓者volunteer志愿者en(v )使变成harden使硬shorten使短en(adj )有质的,似的golden金色的woolen毛的er, or表人,物singer歌唱家survivor幸存者ery表状态,性质,行为,活动地点nursery托儿所robbery掠夺slavery奴隶身份ese某国(地)的,某国(地)的人及语言Chinese中国人(汉语)Portuguese葡萄牙人(语)ess表女性,雌性hostess女主人actress女演员ful充满的,具有性质的cupful一满杯fearful可怕的hood表身份,状况,性质neighborhood邻里manho
8、od男子气概ic, ical类似的,具有的heroic英雄般的logical合逻辑的Bify使成,使化magnify放大purify提纯ion, tion表情况,状态,性质,行为fashion时髦decision决定ish似的,有的selfish自私的childish儿童般的ism表示主义,行为,学,派realism现实主义tourism旅游fatalism宿命;论modernism现代派ist从事工作的人socialist社会主义者dentist牙科医生ity表行为,性质,状态unity团结一致maturity成熟性ive有性质的,有作用的,属于protective保护的productive
9、生产的;active积极主动的ize, ise, yze, yse以方式对待,化realize实现analyze分析modernize现代化less没有的fearless无畏的useless无用的let小booklet小册子leaflet传单like有性质的,像的dreamlike梦一般的humanlike像人类的logy论,研究biology生物学technology技术ly如的,有特性的manly男子气的lovely可爱的ment表行为,状态,性质movement运动management管理ness表状态,性质darkness黑暗kindness仁慈ous, eous, ious充满的da
10、ngerous危险的famous著名的ship表状况,状态,身份,技艺,技能hardship苦难doctorship博士学位;workmanship手艺,工艺some像的,引起的troublesome讨厌的lonesome孤独的ster表示人youngster年轻人gangster歹徒ward(s)表方向upward(s)向上outward(s)向外y(n )表状态,性质,行为difficulty困难victory胜利(adj )充满,包含hairy多毛发的irony钢铁般的第二部分词缀1否定前缀 un- uncomfortable, unacceptable, unavoidable in-
11、 incomplete, incapable, indispensable, inevitable im- imperfect, impartial, immortal dis- disable, disadvantage mis- misplace, mislead, misfortune ab- abnormal de- deactivate, degrade il- illegal, illiterate ir- irregular, irrelative mal- malfunction, malnutrition 2. trans across(横过)through(通过)beyon
12、d(那边)from one place to anothertransient 短暂的;transplant 移植(器官);transaction 交易 ;transition 过渡,转变 ;transition from A to B;transition period ;transmit 传输,传送(无线电,电视) ;transmission (n); a live transmission 现场直播 ;cultural transmission 文化的继承 ;transform 完全改变的外观/特性;transformation(常做陪衬) ;transfer 传递,迁移 ;transl
13、ate 翻译 ;transport 运输 3. com-, con- 1、加强语气 2、共同,一起 combine, compete, compromise confirm, conspicuous, concession 4. -tain 1、支撑 2、保持,维持,保留 sustain, retain, maintain 5. re- 再,又,回,反 renew, reshape, refresh 6. uni- / mono- one (一个),sole(单一的) uniform, unique, unity;monotonous (单调的),monopoly (垄断) 7. ex- 向外
14、,超出 expandextend exceedexcessive exclusive(ly) excursion 8. pre-/pro- 前,在前 predominant precede, previous, premise, prevalent;proceed, prominent, propel 9. magn- 大(large) magnify(microscope), magnificent, magnitude 10. viv- /vit- live, life 生命,生活 vivid, survive, revive;vital, vitamin 11. inter- 在之间 相
15、互 intervene, interfere 12. man- hand (手工) manufacture , manipulate,manuscript13. sci- knowledge science, scientific, consciousness 14. sub- / sus- 下,次,附属 subsidiary subordinate(to);sustain 15. laps 滑,落 (时间)elapse, collapse 16. spec- / spic- look spectator, speculate, spectacular, perspective;conspic
16、uous17.clud(s)-, clos- 关闭shut conclude, include ,exclusive close 18. not note notify notion(=idea) notorious 19. homo- same homogeneously 20. simul- together Simultaneously21. multi 多,多倍 multiply, multitude 22. contra, contro 相反 contradiction;contrary;controversy 23. dict- say, tell, speak dictate,
17、dictator , dictionary, verdict, predict24. per- through permeate, perplex, permanent, perpetual, persistent25. ver- truth verify verdict 26. -logy study(学习) science biology psychology 27. -vert / -vers turn divert advertise diversify versatile reverse 28. -ics 作抽象名词的后缀,表学科 economics politics physics
18、 29. -ist 表示“人” pianist geologist typist 30. bio- life biography biology 31. -ician 从事专业的人 music musician 32. -ism 主义论(抽象名词) realism Marxism 33. -cid kill suicide insecticide 34. mort- death mortal mortality immortal 35. -scrib / -scrip write draw describe inscribe prescribe subscribe ascribe 36. di
19、-/du-/ambi- /bi- two, double dilemma / duplicate / ambiguous/ bilateral37. tri- three triangle 38. bene- good, well, happily benefit beneficiary 39. volu/ volv roll(滚动)turn(转动) evolution revolution involve revolve evolve40. fer carry(带) produce(生产) transfer refer fertile 41. phil- love philosophy 42
20、. deca- ten decade 43. cred believe credible incredible credit 44. cent one hundred century 45. mill / kilo 一千,千分之一 millennium million kilometer kilogram 46. dom master, control domain dominate, dominant, predominant 47. val 有权力,影响 valid, invalid, valuable, evaluate, prevalent(popular) 48. graph / g
21、ram write biography, geography / grammar, telegram 49. equi 同等,相等 equivalent equilibrium 50. bat beat打 debate combat battle batter battery 51. seg, sect cut segment, segregate / section intersection 52. plex 折叠 perplex complex 53. en- / -ify make enlarge entitle enrich enable simplify magnify signif
22、y 54. sym- / syn- 共同same, 类似similar sympathy symptom symmetry / syndrome 55 path feeling pathetic sympathy sympathetic 56. ceed / cess / cede / cest / cur run proceed recession, access, excess, successor precede, recede ancestor current currency excursion occur 57. serv 保存,保护(protect) conserve prese
23、rve 58. able , -ible 可 respectable, imaginable comprehensible 59. hypo- 下,在之下 hypothesis hypotension 60. pel 推 propel, expel, repel, dispel, impel, compel 61. scend climb ascend descend 62. spir aspire, inspire, expire, respire, conspire 63. sent, sens feeling sentimental sense, consensus64. grav 重
24、grave, gravity, aggravate (grieve) 65.lev 轻,上升 alleviate, elevate (relieve) 66.rupt break bankrupt, interrupt, corrupt第三部分常见的前缀 1.表示否定意义的前缀 1)纯否定前缀 a-, an-, asymmetry(不对称)anhydrous(无水的) dis- dishonest, dislike in-, ig-, il, im, ir, incapable, inability, ignoble, impossible, immoral, illegal, irregul
25、ar ne-, n-, none, neither, never non-, noesense neg-, neglect un- unable, unemployment 2)表示错误的意义 male-, mal-, malfunction, maladjustment(失调) mis-, mistake, mislead pseudo-, pseudonym(假名), pseudoscience 3)表示反动作的意思 de-, defend, demodulation(解调) dis-, disarm, disconnect un-, unload, uncover 4)表示相反,相互对立
26、意思 anti-, ant- antiknock( 防震), antiforeign,(排外的) contra-, contre-, contro-, contradiction, controflow(逆流) counter-, counterreaction, counterbalance ob-, oc-, of-, op-, object, oppose, occupy with-, withdraw, withstand 2. 表示空间位置,方向关系的前缀 1)a- 表示“在之上”,“向” aboard, aside, 2)by- 表示“附近,邻近,边侧” bypath, bypas
27、s(弯路) 3)circum-, circu-, 表示“周围,环绕,回转” circumstance, circuit 4)de-, 表示“在下,向下” descend, degrade 5)en-, 表示“在内,进入” encage, enbed(上床) 6)ex-, ec-, es-, 表示“外部,外” exit, eclipse, expand, export 7)extra-, 表示“额外” extraction (提取) 8)fore- 表示“在前面” forehead, foreground 9)in-, il-, im-, ir-, 表示“向内,在内,背于” inland, in
28、vade, inside, import 10)inter-, intel-, 表示“在间,相互” international, interaction, internet 11)intro-, 表示“向内,在内,内侧” introduce, introduce 12)medi-, med-, mid-, 表示“中,中间” Mediterranean, midposition 13)out-, 表示“在上面,在外部,在外” outline, outside, outward 14)over-, 表示“在上面,在外部,向上” overlook, overhead, overboard 15)po
29、st-, 表示向后,在后边,次” postscript(附言), 16)pre-, 表示在前”在前面” prefix, preface, preposition 17)pro-, 表示“在前,向前” progress, proceed, 18)sub-, suc-, suf-, sug-, sum-, sup-, sur-, sus-, 表示“在下面,下” subway, submarine, suffix, suppress, supplement 19)super-, sur-, 表示“在.之上” superficial, surface, superstructure 20)trans-, 表示“移上,转上,在那一边” translate, transform, transoceanic 21)under-, 表示“在.下面,下的” underline, un
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