届一轮复习人教版必修二Unit4Wildlife protection单元学案23页word版.docx

1、届一轮复习人教版必修二Unit4Wildlife protection单元学案23页word版2020届一轮复习人教版必修二Unit4Wildlife protection单元学案核心单词1. decreasev. 减少；（使）变小；变少n. 减少；降低；减少的数量，其后常接介词in/of联想拓展decrease (sth.) to/by . 减少到/了increase vi.&vt. 增加；增长；增强 n.增加；增加的数量increase to/by .增加到/了on the decrease/increase 在减少/增加易混辨析reduce/decreasereduce 强调在“数量、大

2、小，程度或强度”方面下降或减少。decrease 侧重强调“稳定地，逐渐地，不断地”减少。They are making every effort to decrease the production cost. 他们正在尽力降低生产成本。The membership decreased to 150.会员数减少到了150人。The number of students in the class has decreased by 20.班级里的人数减少了20人。There has been a decrease in our imports. 我们的进口数量减少了。高手过招完成句子 （原创）这

3、些措施将有助于降低生产成本。 will help the cost of production.人口出生率正在下降。The birthrate is . 答案：These measures; decreaseon the decrease2. suggestvt. 建议；提出（意见、计划、理论等）；暗示；表明常用结构：suggest+doing 建议做suggest sb./sb.s doing sth.建议某人做某事（不说suggest sb. to do sth.）suggest sth. to sb. 向某人提议 （不能说suggest sb. sth.）suggest (to sb.)

4、+that从句(向某人)建议。（所接从句用虚拟语气：sb.+should+动词原形，should可以省略）It is suggested that . 建议是suggest sth. 暗示；表明suggest+that从句 暗示；表明（从句用陈述语气）suggest sth. to sb. 使某人想起I suggest doing it in another way. 我建议换一种方式做这件事。 They suggested another shop to us.他们向我们建议了另一家商店。 She suggested that we（should）have lunch at the new

5、restaurant.她建议我们在那家新开的餐馆吃午餐。 Her expression suggested that she had told a lie.她的表情表明她撒了谎。温馨提示 suggestion, advice, proposal作“建议”讲时，相关的名词性从句要用虚拟语气。My suggestion is that we (should) go to the cinema together.我建议我们一块儿去看电影。(表语从句)Its suggested that you (should) stay here for another week.建议你在这儿再待一个星期。(主语从

6、句)He gave me an suggestion that I should go to Shanghai for a holiday.他建议我去上海旅游。(同位语从句) 高手过招单项填空His suggestion to see the art exhibition interested everyone of us. （200912山东潍坊检测）A. that we go B. which we should go C. that we would go D. we should go 解析：选A。不管是suggest的何种形式，在句子中有“建议”之意时，后接的从句必须用虚拟语气。 3

7、. affectvt. 影响；侵袭；相当于；使感动；激起（悲伤、愤怒、爱等情绪）易混辨析affect/effect/influence affect vt.表示“影响，（病）侵袭”，多指不好的影响。当affect的宾语是人时，它表示引起心智或感情上的影响，即“使感动”。 effect 表示“影响”时，是名词，指由于某种原因直接产生的结果，常用短语为：have an effect on对有影响；in effect正在实行；实际上；side effect副作用；take effect开始实行；开始生效；without effect没有效果；come into effect生效；实施；bring/c

8、arry sth. into effect使生效；be of no effect 无效果。influence多指对人的思想、观念、心理情绪等内在的东西产生潜移默化的影响，或对人的决定、行为等造成某种程度的影响。The disease is beginning to affect her brain.疾病逐渐侵袭她的大脑。 We are deeply affected by his devotion to work.他对工作的奉献令我们深受感动。 The book had a great influence on his life. 这本书对他的人生影响很大。 He is, in effect,

9、 my rival. 实际上，他是我的竞争对手。 高手过招单项填空Sichuan province by the earthquake，causing difficulties to the post festival road transport. （200911陕西西安检测）A. were affected B. was affectedC. had effected D. has affected 解析：选B。affect 为动词，意思是“影响；感动”；effect为名词，意思是“影响；效果”。根据句意选择B。 4. appreciatevt.欣赏；感激；意识到；体会；理解 apprec

10、iate后可接名词、代词、动名词、名词性从句等作宾语，但不能接不定式。表示“感激，感谢”时，其后的宾语只能为“物”，不能为“人”。其后不直接跟if或when引导的从句，若语义上需要接这类从句，需借助it，即：appreciate it if/when .。 易混辨析appreciate/thankappreciate 意为“感激，感谢”时的结构为： appreciate (doing) sth. appreciate it if/when .thank表示“感谢”时的结构为：thank sb. for sth.。I appreciate your ability very much.我很欣赏你

11、的能力。We shall appreciate hearing from you again.能再次收到你的来信，我们将十分感激。I appreciate that you have come here so early.感谢你来得这么早。I would appreciate it very much if you would help me with it.如果你能帮助我做这件事，我将不胜感激。 高手过招单项填空I really appreciate to relax with you on this nice island.A. to have had time B. having tim

12、eC. to have time D. to having time 解析：选B。考查appreciate的搭配。此处appreciate意为“欣赏”，其后不能接动词不定式作宾语，而只能用名词或动名词形式。 5. mercyn. 仁慈；宽恕；宽容；恩惠；幸运；怜悯常用结构：at the mercy of sb./sth. 任由某人(某事物)摆布或控制have mercy on/upon 对有怜悯心show mercy to sb. 宽恕/怜悯某人without mercy 毫不留情地；残忍地They showed mercy to their enemies. 他们对敌人很仁慈。Its a m

13、ercy she wasnt hurt in the accident. 她在事故中未受伤, 真幸运。高手过招翻译句子 （原创）那只船在暴风雨中失去了控制。可怜可怜我们吧！答案：The ship was at the mercy of the storm. Have mercy on us!6. huntvi.&vt.打猎，猎取；搜索Wolves hunt in packs.狼是成群猎食的。Police are hunting an escaped criminal.警方正在追捕逃犯。常用结构：hunt for 试图找到(某人/物)hunt after 探求；追求答案：Im hunting f

14、or a lost book.Many people hunt after fame all their lives but never find it. 7. includevt. 包括；包含include侧重指范围，其主语和宾语属于同类，是整体与部分的关系。后面常接名词、代词、动名词作宾语。The trip includes a visit to Beijing.旅行包括到北京参观。联想拓展contain vt. 表示“包含，含有；能容纳”，侧重指内容或成分，其主语和宾语不属于同类。This fruit contains a lot of vitamins.这个水果含有丰富的维他命。hol

15、d vt. 表示“容纳；盛有”；表示“里面装有”时可与contain互换。This room can hold 50 people.这间屋子能容纳50人。高手过招(1)用include的适当形式填空Our group has ten students, Tom .We will learn 7 subjects this term, PE.(2)单项填空 Even if they didnt the cost of food in the tour, its still a cheap vacation to the U.S.A. Hold B. contain C. share D. Inc

16、lude解析：(1)included including(2) 选D。根据句意可知用“包括”。而contain多用来强调所包含的内容本来就是物体固有的一部分。重点短语8. die out 灭绝；逐渐消失；灭亡联想拓展die for渴望；很想 die to do 渴望；很想die away（尤指声音、光、风）逐渐消失;停止die down （兴奋、激动等情绪）渐弱；渐息；平息die off （家族，种族等）相继死亡；（草木）枯死die from/of 因而死；通常由疾病、饥寒、情感原因造成的死亡用die of,除此之外的原因用die from。Many species will soon die

17、 out if we dont take action.如果我们不采取行动，许多物种将很快灭绝。Many old customs have died out.许多旧的风俗已不复存在。 高手过招(1)单项填空This kind of plants are . Some day they will forever. （200912甘肃天水检测）A. dying off；die outB. dying away；die offC. dying down；die outD. dying out；die awayUnfortunately, the soldier died a wound in the

18、 chest. （200912山东德州检测）A. from B. out C. off D. down(2)用die的相关短语填空 （原创）The noise of the car in the distance.The old traditions are .The man a wound.Im something to eat. 解析:(1)选A。前面句子用了进行时，表示正在灭亡，故用die off。后面表示有一天会永远消失，故用die out。选A。根据句意此处soldier死的原因应该是胸部受伤。(2)died away dying out died fromdying for 9.

19、protect .from . 保护免受，后接较小的事情或危害，如：frost, harm, catching cold。联想拓展protect .against .后接较大的事情，如：战争、灾害、重税、威胁等。keep sb. from doing sth. prevent/stop sb.(from) doing sth.阻止某人做某事keep sb. doing sth.使某人一直做某事defend .from/against保卫以抵御 易混辨析 defend/protect/guard/preserve defend 保卫；防护；防守（含有采取措施抵制进攻的意思）；protect 常含

20、有提供安全的方式来驱开不适、伤害或进攻的意思；guard 含有看守的意思；preserve 指采取措施维护、保护、保存。You must learn to protect yourself from the danger.你必须学会保护自己，免遭危险。She had to defend herself against the guard dog. 她不得不防备看门狗咬她。A policeman was guarding the entrance to the embassy.一位警察正守卫在大使馆出口处。It is one of the duties of the police to pres

21、erve public order.警察的职责之一是维持公共秩序。 高手过招单项填空Use the umbrella to yourself from the rain. （原创）A. prevent B. protect C. defend D. protection 解析：选B。prevent sb. from doing sth.防止某人干某事，意思类似于stop/keep sb. from doing sth.；protect sb. from sth.保护某人免遭伤害；defend保卫；防护；防守（含有采取措施抵制进攻的意思）。10. pay attention to 注意联想拓展b

22、ring sth. to ones attention 使某事引起某人注意call/draw ones attention to sth. 使某人注意某事draw/catch/attract ones attention 引起某人的注意fix/focus/concentrate ones attention on sth. 集中注意力于某事物You should pay attention to your spelling.你要注意自己的拼写。高手过招完成句子 （原创）他的提议没有引起任何注意。No attention his advice. 他提醒我注意一些新的证据。He some new

23、evidence. 答案：was paid tocalled/drew my attention to11. come into being 形成；产生（不可用于被动语态或进行时）联想拓展come into existence 形成；产生；开始存在come into effect/force/operation开始生效；开始实施come into use 开始被使用come into power上台执政come into fashion 开始流行come into office 就职come into action 开始行动We do not know when this world came

24、 into being. 我们不知道世界是何时形成的。 高手过招单项填空Before the computer , people could never imagine it could bring about such great changes to human life. （200912福建龙岩一中检测）A. came into being B. was discoveredC. was come into being D. was formed 解析：选A。句意为：在电脑出现之前，人们绝不会想到它会给人类的生活带来如此巨大的变化。电脑不能说是“被发现”或“被形成”的，排除B、D两项。c

25、ome into being不能用于被动语态和进行时，排除C项，故选A。 重点句型12. Why are they in danger of disappearing?它们为什么处于灭绝的危险中？常用结构：in danger (of) 在危险中be in danger of 有的危险be out of danger 脱离危险The girls life was obviously in immediate danger.很明显,这女孩的生命危在旦夕。The sick man is in danger of death. 这位病人有死亡的危险。The wounded policeman is n

26、ow out of danger.受伤的警察已脱离危险。联想拓展be a danger to sb./sth. 危险的人/因素be dangerous for 对有危险endanger vt. 危害，危及endangered adj. 有危险的；濒临灭绝的 高手过招完成句子他再这样下去会丢掉工作的。He is losing his job if he goes on like this.警察说这个男人对于公众来说是个危险分子。The police said the man was the public.答案： in danger of a danger to13. They lived on

27、the earth tens of millions of years ago, long before humans come into being.千百万年前，恐龙就在地球上生活，比人类的出现要早得多。long before .在之前很长一段时间I knew the news that they were invited to the party, long before you told me.早在你告诉我之前很久我就知道他们被邀请来参加晚会的消息了。答案：They had known each other long before I knew them. 被动语态的构成和用法主动语态指

28、主语是谓语动作的使动方。也就是说谓语的动作源自主语，而施加于宾语。相反，被动语态中，主语是谓语动作的受动方，如果有宾语的，宾语往往是谓语动作的使动方。 在语法机构上，主动语态和被动语态的区别主要在于，主动语态直接使用动词原形作为谓语，然后再在该动词原形的基础上施加时态和其他语法；而被动语态则使用系词+动词的过去分词作为谓语，各种时态和其他语法也施加在系词上。 举例： 主动：The snowslide killed him. 被动：He was killed by the snowslide. 意义均为：他死于雪崩。 英语中的被动语态使用得比汉语要多，要普遍，许多课本乃至实际应用中都常常涉及到这

29、个问题。一般说来，当强调动作承受者，不必说出执行者或含糊不清的执行者时，多用被动式。须注意的是，许多地方与汉语不同。注意那些汉语中没有被的意思，英语却用被动态。还要注意，英语的被动态往往由by引出，而有用介词by的短语往往又不是被动态，而是系表结构。还有些待殊现象，如known to man(人类.所知)，on foot步行(美国人有时用by foot)，in carraige(乘四轮马车)等等。还有假主动，真被动的十几个常用词的用法，以及so heavy to carry而不用so heavy to be carried等习惯用法。有关这类情况，做到心中有数对全面掌握被动态，准确无误地解答习

30、题非常关键，被动态必须涉及的是动词的各种时态变化的问题。英语的时态本来很复杂，怎样记住各自的被动形式呢? 首先要明确将来进行无被动，现在完成进行 同。这两种时态无被动形式。 另外，不及物动词带有同源宾语的动词，反身代词的动词和系动词都无被动形式。即便如此，还有不定式，动名词，分词，以及它们的复合结构)的被动态，再加上情态动词，助动词以及它们的疑问式和否定式从中掺杂，真是令人头痛，眼花缭乱。下面口诀就以动词do为例，即do did过去式done过去分词，以口诀形式总结各种时态的被动态，一定对你有所启示。 被动语态（一般现在时） 主动语态变被动语态时，主动语态句中的宾语变成被动语态句中的主语，主动语态句中的主语成为被动语态句中的动作的发出者。 被动语态的口诀 一般现、过用be done，be有人称、时、数变。 完成时态have done，被动将been加中间。 一般将来shall (will) do，被动变do为be done。 将来进行无被动，shall (will) be doing, 现在完成进行同，have (has) been doing。 现、过进行be doing, 被动be加bei