1、SCI科技论文写作常用句型大全一 好的论文题目是成功的一半好的论文,每一个部分都需要精雕细琢。我们先来看看Science, Nature 子刊上用的都是些什么题目,到底这些题目暗含哪些玄机?以下是从2016年发表的论文中随机挑选的一些题目,我将其做了一下简单的分类:1. Water splittingbiosynthetic system with CO2?reduction efficiencies?exceeding?photosynthesis. (Science, 2016, 352, 1210)类似: Scalable water splitting on particulate p
2、hotocatalyst sheets with a solar-to-hydrogen energy conversion efficiency?exceeding?1%?(Nature Materials 2016,15,611-615)这种题目适合哪类文章?适合于那种性能极其显着的文章(可以创纪录的文章),比如说Nocera et al. 的?Science, 2016, 352, 1210,直接与光合作用进行对比,给人的震撼是非常强的。这种对比效果能够一下子抓住人们的眼球,吸引着读者进行阅读。要点:使用这样的题目首先你的实验结果得够牛,你对于实验结果要足够自信,对于背景知识的了解得要足
3、够深。因为取这样的题目意味着你要真正达到了某一个高度。如果明明有很多大海在那里,你个小池塘和小水坑进行比较,那么会闹笑话的。2.1 Quantifying?the promotion of Cu catalysts by ZnO for methanol synthesis (?Science,2016, 352, 969-974.)2.2?Exploring?the origin of high optical absorption in conjugated polymers. (Nature Materials 2016,?DOI:?10.1038/nmat4645?)2.3 Promo
4、ting?solution phase discharge in LiO2 batteries containing weakly solvatingelectrolyte?solutions (Nature Materials 2016, DOI: 10.1038/nmat4629)2.4 Reconstructing?solute-induced phase transformations within individual nanocrystals (NatureMaterials 2016,?doi:10.1038/nmat4620)2.5 Tailoring?the nature a
5、nd strength of electronphonon interactions in the SrTiO3(001) 2D electron?liquid (Nature Material, 2016, doi:10.1038/nmat4623)我简单地检索了下Nature Materials上面的文章题目,发现这种类型的题目真的非常多。那么为什么大家非常青睐这种形式呢?这种形式到底有什么好处?我个人也很喜欢这种样子的题目,当然一定要跟论文的实际情况吻合哈,不要强凑。这种动名词形式的结构最大的优点是主观能动性很强。给人的一种感觉是:你在设计整个实验,而不是碰巧发现了某个现象。科研需要偶然
6、现象,但是理性地科学研究追求一切能够有据可循,能够主动地把握而不是被动接受奇迹的降临。3.1?Surface functionalization?of two-dimensional metal chalcogenides?by Lewis acidbase chemistry(Nature Nanotechnology2016, 11,465471)3.2?Proton transfer dynamicscontrol?the mechanism?of O2?reduction?by a non-precious metal?electrocatalyst?(Nature Materials
7、,2016,?doi:10.1038/nmat4636)3.3 Femtosecond?control of?electric currents?in?metallic ferromagnetic heterostructures(Nature Nanotechnology 2016, 11,455458)3.4?Improved air stability of perovskite solar cells via solution-processed metal oxide transport layers (Nature Nanotechnology, 2016,11,7581)这种类型
8、的题目非常的好懂,重点非常突出,给人一种开门见山的感觉,在很多论文中非常恰当。以3.1为例,两个重点非常明确:1. 实现的目标是什么?Surface functionalization of ?2. 实现的方法是什么?Lewis acid-base chemistry.4.1 In situ?hydrodynamic spectroscopy?for structure characterization of porous energy storage?electrodes (Nature Materials,2016, 15,570575)4.2?Kinetics of the self-a
9、ssembly of nanocrystal superlattices measured by?real-time?in situ?X-ray?scattering?(Nature Materials, 2016, doi:10.1038/nmat4600)4.3 In situ?mapping?of the energy flow through the entire photosynthetic apparatus (Nature Nanotechnology, 2016,?doi:10.1038/nchem.2525)4.4 Optimized quantum sensing with
10、 a single electronspin using?real-time adaptive measurements?(Nature Nanotechnology, 2016,11,247252)有些文章,一幅图就值了一篇Science。有些表征手段或者研究方法生来就是让人膜拜的,特别是一些原位的表征手段,能够直观地告诉人们以前得不到的一些信息。在这种情况下,用它来做个题目一点都不过分吧。最后对以上几类标题的共性做一下简单的总结:1) ?好的论文题目往往都能够紧贴文章内容,并将其核心亮点突显出来; 2) 标题中的字真的是一字千金,废话不要有,一定要简洁明了;3) 用词要准确,尽量采用中性词
11、,不要带主观色彩,不要扣大帽子引起审稿人反感,但是又要合适地体现亮点,好的论文题目要学会不卑不亢。二 正文中各种常用句型汇总一、 在Introduction里面经常会使用到的一个句子:很多文献已经讨论过了。它的可能的说法有很多很多,这里列举几种我很久以前搜集的:A.?Solar energy conversion by photoelectrochemical cells?has been intensively investigated.?(Nature 1991, 353, 737 - 740?)B.?This was demonstrated in a number of studies
12、 thatshowed that composite plasmonic-metal/semiconductor photocatalysts achieved significantly higher rates in various photocatalytic reactions compared with their pure semiconductor counterparts.C.?Several excellent reviews describing?these applications are available, and we do not discuss these to
13、picsD.?Much work so far has focused on?wide band gap semiconductors for water splitting for the sake of chemical stability.(DOI:10.1038/NMAT3151)E.?Recent developments ofLewis acids and water-soluble organometallic catalysts?have attracted much attention.(Chem. Rev. 2002, 102, 3641?3666)F.?An intere
14、sting approach?in the use of zeolite as a water-tolerant solid acid?was described by?Ogawa et al(Chem.Rev. 2002, 102, 3641?3666)G.?Considerable research efforts have been devoted tothe direct transition metal-catalyzed conversion of aryl halides toaryl nitriles. (J. Org. Chem. 2000, 65, 7984-7989)H.
15、?There are many excellent reviews in the literature dealing with the basic concepts of?the photocatalytic processand the reader is referred in particular to those by Hoffmann and coworkers,Mills and coworkers, and Kamat.(Metal oxide catalysis,19,P755)I. Nishimiya and Tsutsumi?have reported on(propos
16、ed)the influence of the Si/Al ratio of various zeolites on the acid strength, which were estimated by calorimetry using ammonia. (Chem.Rev. 2002, 102, 3641?3666)二、在results and discussion中经常会用到的:如图所示A. GIXRD patterns in?Figure 1A show?the bulk structural information on as-deposited films.?B.?As shown
17、 in Figure 7B,?the steady-state current density decreases after cycling between 0.35 and 0.7 V, which is probably due to the dissolution of FeOx.?C.?As can be seen from?parts a and b of Figure 7, the reaction cycles start with the thermodynamically most favorable VOx structures(J. Phys. Chem. C 2014
18、, 118, 24950?24958)这与XX能够相互印证:A.?This is supported by?the appearance in the Ni-doped compounds of an ultravioletvisible absorption band at 420520nm (see Fig. 3 inset), corresponding to an energy range of about 2.9 to 2.3 eV.B. ?This?is consistent with the observation from?SEMEDS. (Z.Zou et al. / Che
19、mical Physics Letters 332 (2000) 271277)C.?This indicates a good agreement between?the observed and calculated intensities in monoclinic with space groupP2/c when the O atoms are included in the model.D. The results?are in good consistent with?the observed photocatalytic activity.E. Identical conclu
20、sions were obtained in studies?where the SPR intensity and wavelength were modulated by manipulating the composition, shape,or size of plasmonic nanostructures.?F.?It was also found that areas of persistent divergent surface flow?coincide?with?regions where convection appears to be consistently supp
21、ressed even when SSTs are above 27.5C.三. 值得注意的是.A.?It must also be mentioned that?the recycling of aqueous organic solvent is less desirable than that of pure organic liquid.B.?Another interesting finding is that?zeolites with 10-membered ring pores showed high selectivities (99%) to cyclohexanol, w
22、hereas those with 12-membered ring pores, such as mordenite, produced large amounts of dicyclohexyl ether. (Chem. Rev. 2002, 102, 3641?3666)C.?It should be pointed out that?the nanometer-scale distribution of electrocatalyst centers on the electrode surface is also a predominant factor for high ORR
23、electrocatalytic activity.D.?Notably,?the Ru II and Rh I complexes possessing the same BINAP chirality form antipodal amino acids as the predominant products.?(Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2002, 41: 20082022)E. Given the multitude of various transformations published,?it is noteworthy that?only very few d
24、istinct?activation?methods have been identified.?(Chem. Soc. Rev., 2009,?38, 2178-2189)F.It is important to highlight that?these two directing effects will lead to different enantiomers of the products even if both the “H-bond-catalyst” and the?catalyst?acting by steric shielding have the same absol
25、ute stereochemistry. (Chem. Soc. Rev.,2009,?38, 2178-2189)G.It is worthwhile mentioning that?these PPNDs can be very stable for several months without the observations of any floating or precipitated dots, which is attributed to the electrostatic repulsions between the positively charge PPNDs result
26、ing in electrosteric stabilization.(Adv. Mater., 2012, 24: 20372041)四.?.仍然是个挑战A.?There is thereby an urgent need but it is still a significant challenge to?rationally design and delicately tail or the electroactive MTMOs for advanced LIBs, ECs, MOBs, and FCs.?(Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.2 014, 53, 1488 15
27、04)B.?However, systems that are?sufficiently stable and efficient for practical use?have not yet been realized.C.?It?remains?challenging?to?develop highly active HER catalysts based on materials that are more abundant at lower costs. (J. Am. Chem. Soc.,?2011,?133, ?72967299)D.?One of the?great?chall
28、enges?in the twenty-first century?is?unquestionably energy storage. (Nature Materials?2005, 4, 366 - 377?)五. 众所周知A.?It is well established (accepted) / It is known to all / It is commonly known?that?many characteristics of functional materials, such as composition, crystalline phase, structural and
29、morphological features, and the sur-/interface properties between the electrode and electrolyte, would greatly influence the performance of these unique MTMOs in electrochemical energy storage/conversion applications.(Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.2014,53, 1488 1504)B.?It is generally accepted (believed) tha
30、t?for a-Fe2O3-based sensors the change in resistance is mainly caused by the adsorption and desorption of gases on the surface of the sensor structure. (Adv. Mater. 2005, 17, 582)C.?As we all know,?soybean abounds with carbon,?nitrogen?and oxygen elements owing to the existence of sugar,?proteins?an
31、d?lipids. (Chem. Commun., 2012,?48, 9367-9369)D.?There is no denying that?their presence may mediate spin moments to align parallel without acting alone to show d0-FM. (Nanoscale, 2013,?5, 3918-3930)六. 正如下文将提到的.A.?As will be described below(也可以是As we shall see below),?as the Si/Al ratio increases, t
32、he surface of the zeolite becomes more hydrophobic and possesses stronger affinity for ethyl acetate and the number of acid sites decreases.(Chem. Rev. 2002, 102, 3641?3666)B. This behavior is to be expected and?will?be?further?discussed?below. (J. Am. Chem. Soc.,?1955,?77, 37013707)C.?There are also some small deviations with respect to the flow direction,?which we?will?discuss?below.?(Science, 2001, 291, 630-633)D.?Below,?we?will?see?what this implies.E.?Complete details of this case?will?be provided at a?later?
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