上海牛津版高一下册第11讲分词用法T.docx

1、上海牛津版高一下册第11讲分词用法T第11讲 分词用法T分 词i. 现在分词与过去分词的区别1. 在语态上 1)现在分词（除被动式外）表示主动意义。 2)过去分词表示被动意义。2. 在时间上 1)现在分词表示动作正在进行。 2)过去分词表示动作已经完成。 3)过去分词有时候没有一定的时间性。专项练习1. goodbye to the hosts, Brown left the house.A. Said B. SayingC. In order to say, D. He said2. He rushed out of the room, .A. cried B. for crying C.

2、crying D. cries3. With everything she needed , she drove back from the market-place.A. is buy, B. have bought C. buying D. bought4. Mrs. Bush stood for a moment when her dog appeared before her.A. surprised. . . . missing B. surprising. . . missedC. surprised. missed D. surprising. missing5. People

3、at last found Janet on a bench in the back yard alone, the bright moon.A. seating. . . watching B. seated. watchedC. seated. . . watching D. seating. watched6. Your shoes want _ badly. Why dont you have them .A. washing. . . washed B. to wash. washedC. to be washing. . to wash D. washed. washed7. So

4、 many problems , Im in a tight corner.A. settled B. remained to settleC. being settled D. remaining to be settled8. The policeman put down the phone, with a smile on his face.A. satisfied B. satisfyingC. to satisfied D. having satisfied9. The problem at present has something to do with our living co

5、nditions.A. discuss B. to be discussingC. being discussed D. to discuss10. If green, the door might look more beautiful.A. paint B. painted C. to paint D. painting.Keys: 1-5 BCDAC 6-10 ADACBii. 分词作定语1. 现在分词作定语表示主动或者表示主动且动作正在进行。2. 过去分词作定语表示被动且动作已经完成。3. 分词作定语往往可以用定语从句代替。4. 单个分词作前置定语，分词短语作后置定语。5. 完成式的现

6、在分词短语不能作定语。补充： 1) 现在分词与过去分词作定语的区别，同时注意其迁移现象。例：The amusing story set us laughing. (现在分词多修饰物) The amused audience laughed all the time. （过去分词多修饰人） a worried look, a frightened voice, a puzzled feeling (修饰人的分词迁移至表情、声音 等) changing situation; rising sun (现在分词表进行中的动作) changed situation; risen sun （过去分词表完成

7、了的动作）2）分词与动名词作定语的区别 例：sleeping baby = baby who is sleeping ( 分词作定语) running shoes = shoes for running (动名词作定语) 3）分词与不定式作定语的区别例：The bridge being built will connect two islands. (表动作的正在进行) The bridge built last year has connected two islands. (表动作的完成) The bridge to be built next month will connect two

8、 islands.（表动作的将要进行)专项练习1. The flowers so sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to beauty of nature.A. to smell B. smelling C. smell D. to be smell2. The disc, digitally in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night.A. recorded B. recording C. to be recorded D. having recorded3.

9、 Dont use words, expressions, or phrases only to people with specific knowledge.A. being known B. having been knownC. to be known D. known4. The bell the end of the period rang, our heated discussion.A. indicating; interrupting B. indicated; interruptingC. indicating; interrupted D. indicated; inter

10、rupted5. The big tower in the Tang dynasty is next spring.A. being built; to repair B. built; to be repairedC. built; being repaired D. being built; to be repaired6. The problem at the meeting now is in two weeks time.A. discussed; to be voted B. to be discussed; to be votedC. being discussed; to be

11、 voted D. discussing; being voted7. The language in Britain is also used in other countries.A. spoken; English-speaking B. spoken; English-spokenC. speaking; English-speaking : D. speaking; English-spoken8. More houses of this type will be built in the years .A. to be coming B. to come C. coming D.

12、comes9. More houses of this type will be built in the years.A. following B. followed C. to be followed D. having followed10. Li Hua cant talk much because he had his tooth this morning.A. pulling B. having been pulledC. pulled D. being pulledKeys: 1-5 B A D C B 6-10 C A B A Ciii. 分词作表语1. 现在分词作表语表示分词

13、主语所具有的特征和性质时，主语多是物。2. 过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态，逻辑上称被动关系，主语多是人。3. 分词和动名词都可以作表语，分词作表语说明主语的特征和性质，相当于一个形容词，而动名词作表语说明主语的内容，相当于一个名词。专项练习1. The news was so that they were all .A. inspiring. . exciting B. inspiring. . excitedC. inspired. . . excited D. inspired. . exciting2. What he had said was and made us .A. sur

14、prised. . . surprising B. surprising. . . surprisedC. surprised. . . surprised D. surprising. surprising3. Id rather read than watch television; the programs seem all the time.A. to get worse B. to be getting worseC. to have got worse D. getting worse4. The door of the shop remained , though it was

15、ten oclock a. m.A. opened B. opening C. locked D. having locking5. The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain as the plane was making a landing.A. seat B. seating C. seated D. to be seatingKeys: 1-5 B B BCCiv. 分词作宾语补语1. 分词一般只在两类动词后作补语：1)感觉、感官动词后的分词宾补。常见感官动词有see, observe, notice, watch, he

16、ar, smell, listen to, look at, feel, find。2)使役、致使动词后的分词宾补。常见的使役、致使动词有catch, set, have, make, get, start, leave, keep等。2. “感觉、感官动词十宾语+现在分词宾语”表示主动意义，正在进行时态；3. “使役、致使动词+宾语十过去分词宾补”表示被动意义，已经完成时态。4. 分词作补语的几种特殊情况 1) make后接分词作宾语补足语时只能用过去分词，不能用现在分词。 2) set后的宾补通常是现在分词，不用过去分词。专项练习1. The responsible teacher cou

17、ldnt keep his eyes to all those careless mistakes.A. shut B. to shut C. shutting D. on shutting2. Why do you stand and watch the water over there? A. boiling B. boiled C. from boiling D. being boiled3. I held the little rabbit in my hand and felt its heart .A. beated B. beating C. beat D. beaten4. W

18、alking along the river, we heard someone for help.A. shouting B. shout C. shouted D. being shouting5. Why do you have the water all the time?A. run B. to be running C. running D. being running6. Do you smell anything unusual?Yes. I can smell something .A. burning B. is burning C. having burnt D. bur

19、n7. Is there anything that you want to buy from town?No, but Im going to get .A. those letters mailed B. those letters mailingC. to mail those letters D. mailing those letters8. When little Tom hurried to the classroom, he found many village people at the back of the room.A. seat B. seating C. to se

20、at D. seated9. The hall was so noisy that the speaker couldnt make himself .A. being heard B. heard C. hearing D. hear10. Returning home, he found the back door open and something .A. to steal B. to be stolen C. stealing D. stolenKeys: 1-5 AABAC 6-10 AADBDvi. 分词作状语1. 分词作时间状语相当于when引导的时间状语从句；on doing

21、 sth. =as soon as。2. 分词作原因状语相当于as，since，because引导的原因状语从句。3. 分词作方式或伴随状语不能用状语从句替换，但是可以改写成并列句。4. 分词作条件状语相当于if unless等引导的从句。常见的引导条件状语的分词有given，supposing, considering, provided, compared with等。5. 分词作结果状语相当于so that引导的结果状语从句。分词前常有副词thus，thereby，only等。6. 分词作让步状语相当于though或者even if等引导的让步状语从句。专项练习1. It was unb

22、elievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just a look at the sports star.A. had B. having C. to have D. have2. More and more people are signing up for Yoga classes nowadays, advantage of the health and relaxation benefits.A. taking B. taken C. having taken D. having been taken3.

23、 According to a recent U. S. survey, children spend up to 25 hours a week TV.A. to watch B. to watching C. watching D. watch4. Though money, his parents managed to send him to university.A. lacked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacked in5. Finding her car stolen, .A. a policeman was asked to help B. th

24、e area was searched thoroughlyC. it was looked for everywhere D. she hurried to a policeman for help6. He sent an e-mail, to get further information.A. hoped B. hoping C. to hope D. hope7. in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.A. Being founded B. It was founded

25、 C. Founded D. Founding8. his party to power for the fourth time, he becomes famous among Western leaders.A. Lead B. Leading C. Have led D. Having led9. his mother, the little boy stopped crying.A. Seeing B. Saw C. Seen D. SeeKeys: 1-5 C A C C D 6-9 B C B Avi. 分词的逻辑主语1. 分词作定语时的逻辑主语就是它修饰的词。2. 分词作状语时的

26、逻辑主语就是全句的主语。3. 分词作补语时的逻辑主语就是全句的宾语。专项练习1. Once lost, .A. to get such a chance is difficult B. such a chance will never come againC. one can never get such a chance D. therell be no such a chance2. The boy overslept and kept all the others at the station for hours.A. to wait B. having been waitedC. wa

27、iting D. being waited3. Mary left her coat in the train.A. laying B. lying C. laid D. lie4. This is the best film this year.A. to show B. to be shown C. showing D. shown5. The books belong to Mr. Smith.A. which is on the table B. lying on the tableC. are on the table D. which on the table6. Father c

28、aught the boy in the garage.A. smoke B. to smoke C. smoking D. being smoked7. Who are those people walking along the street with banners?A group the League for Global Environment Protection.A. calling B. called C. called itself D. is called8. for the coming examinations before, I have no time for th

29、e film.A. Not preparing B. To prepareC. Having not prepared D. Not having preparedKeys: 1-5 BCBDB 6-8 CBDvii. 分词构成的独立主格结构1. 分词作状语时，其逻辑主语与句子的主语应该一致，否则，分词应有自己的逻辑主语，构成分词的独立主格结构。2. 分词构成的独立主格结构一般位于句首。由“名词代词十分词”构成。表示时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随等。句子模式为“独立主格结构十主谓结构”或“主谓结构+独立主格结构”。3. 表示伴随情况时，分词构成的独立主格结构常位于句末。4. 独立主格结构有时可以

30、用with或without引导，作定语或状语。5. 除分词外，还可以用不定式、形容词、介词、副词或名词等。详见本书第十一章内容。专项练习1. He walked up and down the room for half an hour, behind him.A. with his hands clasping B. his hands claspedC. his hands were clasped D. as his hands clasped2. The two prisoners of war came into the room, by two soldiers, .A. foll

31、owed. guns in hand B. followed. gun in handC. following. gun in hands D. following. guns in hands3. The sun , the birds went into their nests.A. set down B. sets down C. setting D. sets4. , the lecture began.A. The listeners having taken their seats B. Having taken their seatsC. Taking their seats D. The listeners to take their seats5. , a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than a man whose command of language is poor.A. Other things