小升初英语冠词数词专题训练.docx

1、小升初英语冠词数词专题训练小升初专项训练-冠词、数词冠词一、什么是冠词冠词是用在名词前面，说明名词所表示的人或事物的词。英语中的冠词一共有三个：a, an, the,其中a 和an 是不定冠词，the 是定冠词。冠词不能离开名词单独使用，本身没有意义，必须和名词连用。如：a book 一本书 an egg 一个鸡蛋 the elephant 那只象二、不定冠词1.不定冠词不定冠词a、an只用在可数名词单数前，基本意思是“一个”，在不少情况下也译“一”或“第”或“每”。其中，a 用在读音以辅音开头的单词前，an用在读音以元音开头的单词前。如：an pencil 一支钢笔 a desk 一张书桌

2、a bottle 一个瓶子an old man 一位老人 an apple 一个苹果 an eraser 一块橡皮2.不定冠词的用法 （1）表示同一类人或物。 A bee has six legs. 蜜蜂有六条腿。 A monkey likes bananas.猴子喜欢吃香蕉。 A fish can swim. 鱼会游泳。 （2）泛指一类名词中的某一个。 Liu Xiang is a famous player.刘翔是一位有名的选手。 Cheng Long is an actor. 成龙是一名演员。 （3）表示数量“一”，相当于one 。 There are twenty-four hours

3、 in a day.一天有二十四小时。 There are seven days in a week. 一周有七天。 （4）用于习语中。 in a minute 一会儿 for a while 一会儿 a little 一点儿 have a try 试一试 in a word 总而言之易错点： （1）有些名词虽然首字母是元音字母，但发音却以辅音开头。 （错）an university (正) a university -一所大学 （错）an uniform （正）a uniform-一套制服 (2 ) 有些名词虽然字首是辅音字母，但发音却以元音开头，这时名词前要用an。 （错）a hour (

4、正) an hour 一小时 （错）a honest boy (正) an honest boy 一个诚实的男孩三、定冠词 1. 定冠词 定冠词the通常对修饰的名词有指定作用，表示“这个，那个，这些，那些”。如： the book （那本书），the apples (那些苹果)等。2. 定冠词的用法 （1）特指某人或某物。 The girl with long hair is Lucy.那个长发女孩是露茜。 The man under the tree is my dad.树下那个人是我爸爸。 （2）特指上文提到的人、事、物。 There is a map on the wall. The

5、map is a map of China. 墙上有幅地图，那幅地图是一幅中国地图。 I have a box , the box is in my bag. 我有一个盒子，那个盒子在我的包里。（3）指世上独一无二的东西。 The sun is much bigger than the moon.太阳比月亮要大得多。 The Great Wall is in China.长城在中国。（4）用在形容词前表示一类人。 the poor 穷人 the young 年青人 the old 老年人 the blind 盲人（5）用在姓氏前表示一家人。 The Greens are at table.格林

6、一家人在吃饭。 The Whites are watching TV.怀特一家人在看电视。（6）用在序数词、形容词最高级及形容词only, very, same 等词前面。 Sunday is the first day of the week. 周日是一周的第一天。 The Changjiang River is the longest river of China. 长江是中国最长的河流。 Lucy and Lily are in the same class. 露茜和莉莉在同一个班级。（7）用在表示乐器的名词前。 I can play the piano. 我会弹刚琴。 Tom is g

7、ood at playing the violin. 汤姆擅长拉小提琴。（8）用在习语中。 in the morning 在早上 in the classroom 在教室里 in the afternoon 在下午 in the daytime 在白天注意：the 在元音前读_，在辅音前读_。如： in the_ evening 在晚上 in the _ morning 在上午四、不用冠词的几种情况 （1）国名、人名等专有名词前。 Canada 加拿大 China 中国 Alice 艾丽斯 （2）复数名词表示泛指，表示一类人或事物时，可不用冠词。 I like vegetables. 我喜欢蔬

8、菜。 Those are pencils. 那些是铅笔。 （3）不可数名词前面通常不加不定冠词，但可以加定冠词修饰。 Water is important to us.水对我们很重要。 Where is the juice? 果汁在哪里？ （4）季节、月份、星期等名词前。 We dont go to school on Saturday and Sunday. 我们周六、周日不用上学。 New term begins in September. 新学期九月份开始。 It is autumn now. It is cool. 现在是秋天，天气凉爽。 （5）在称呼、官衔、职业的名词前。 Mr. W

9、ang is my math teacher. 王先生是我的数学老师。 This is chairman Hu .这是胡主席。 （6）在三餐、球类运动和娱乐运动的名词。 have breakfast 吃早饭 have supper 吃晚饭 play chess 下棋 play soccer 踢足球 （7）当两个或两个以上的名词并用时。 I can write with pen and pencil. 我可以用铅笔和钢笔写字。 （8）在习惯用语中，表示特殊意义时。 in hospital 住院 at table 吃饭 at school 上学 in bed 卧床（睡觉）巩固练习( )1.Ther

10、e is _ “s” in _ word “bus”.A. a ; a B. an ; the C. a ; the D. an ; a( )2.Maths is _ useful subject. You cant drop it , I think.A. an B. a C. the D. /( )3._ bad weather it is!A. How B. What a C. How a D. What( )4.What color is _ orange?-Its _ orange.A. an; an B. an ; the C. an ; / D. / ; an( )5.Mr. L

11、i is _ old worker.A. an B. a C. some D. /( )6.Look at _ picture! Theres _ house in it.A. a ; a B. the ; the C. a ; the D. the; a( )7.One morning he found _ handbag. There was _ “s” on the corner of _ handbag.A. a ; an ; the B. a ; a ; theC. a ; a ; a D. the ; an ; a( )8.What _ interesting story it i

12、s!A. a B. an C. the D. /( )9.Meimei is _ best student in her class.A. a B. an C. / D. the( )10.Tom is _ kind boy. All _ students love him.A. a ; / B. a ; the C. an ; / D. an ; the( )11.Is _ book on the desk mine? Yes.A. the B. a C. an D. /( )12.Even while he was in _ hospital, he went on writing son

13、gs.A. a B. an C. the D. /( )13.Dont read _.A. in bed B. in the bed C. on bed D. on the bed( )14.Smith is _ honest man.A. a B. the C. an D. /( )15.China has _ population of 1,200,000,000.A. / B. an C. the D. a( )16.Whats _ for “椅.子”?A. English B. an EnglishC. the English D. any English( )17.Mary is _

14、 cleverer of the two girls.A. the B. a C. an D. much( )18._ young must look after _ old.A. The ; a B. The ; the C. A ; a D. A ; the( )19. _ earth is one of _ planets.A. The ; suns B. The ; the sunC. The ; the suns D. The ; the suns( )20.Tokyo is _.A. the capital of Japan B. capital of JapanC. Japan

15、capital D. a capital of Japan( )21.Kate sometimes plays _ violin(小提琴) and sometimes plays _ table tennis before supper.A. / ; the B. the ; / C. the ; the D. / ; /( )22. Have you seen _ pencil? I left it here this morning. -Is it _ red one ? I saw it.A. a ; the B. the ; the C. the ; a D. a ; a( )23.T

16、here is_ orange tree behind_ house.A. an ; the B. a ; a C. the ; the D. an ; /( )24.How long did you stay there ?-About half _ hour.A. / B. one C. a D. an数词1、分类：数词有基数词和序数词两种。英语的数词可以作句子的主语、宾语、表语和定语。2、基数词：表示数目的词叫基数词。1、 英语中常用的基数词有： 123456789101112onetwothreefourfivesixseveneightnineteneleventwelve13141

17、516171819thirteenfourteenfifteensixteenseventeeneighteennineteen2030405060708090100twentythirtyfortyfiftysixtyseventyeightyninetyone(a) hundred2335101twenty-threethirty-fiveone hundred and one1000one(a) thousand,10000 ten thousand,100000one hundred thousand ,1000000one million,10000000ten million, 1

18、00000000one hundred million,108one hundred and eight, 146one hundred and forty-six, 500five hundred , 1001one thousand and one, 1813one thousand eight hundred and thirteen. 2、注：(1)百位与十位之间要加and；十万位和万位,亿位和千万位之间通常也要加and。(2)英语用千、百万等单位计数,大数字从右向左看, 每隔三位划一逗号,倒数第一个逗号之前要用thousand,倒数第二个逗号之前要用million,倒数第三的逗号之前

19、要用billion表示。(3) hundred、 thousand、 million作数词时,不用复数,前面可以加上one, two, 等其它数词。用作名词时复数表示“成上”,后面必须要有of,前面可以加上some,many,several等词。如：five hundred(五百), hundreds of(成百上千的), ten thousand(一万), thousands of(成千上万的), millions of(成百万的)3、序数词：表示顺序的数词叫序数词。1、 英语的序数词基本变法： (1) 一般在基数词后加th,(2)-ve结尾的改为-fth,(3)-ty结尾的改为-tieth

20、,(4)熟记特殊词。2、序数词如下：1st2nd3rd4th5th6th7th8th9th10th11th12thfirstsecondthirdfourthfifthsixthseventheighthninthtentheleventhtwelfth13th14th15th16th17th18th19ththirteenthfourteenthfifteenthsixteenthseventeentheighteenthnineteenth20th30th40th50th60th70th80th90th100thtwentieththirtiethfortiethfiftiethsixti

21、ethseventietheightiethninetiethone hundredth21st22nd23rd35th101sttwenty-firsttwenty-secondtwenty-thirdthirty-fifthone hundred and first1000thone thousandth, 1000000th one millionth., 第703the seven hundred and third, 第5480the five thousand four hundred and eightieth.3、注：(1)两位以上的序数词仅个位数部分用序数词,其余部分仍用基数

22、词。如：thirty-sixth,(2) 使用序数词时一般加定冠词the. 如：Im in the third grade.(3) 序数词作“几分之几”讲时,有复数形式。如：1/5one fifth ; 2/3 two thirds ; 4/7 four sevenths ; 1/2 a half ; 1/4a quarter ; 3/4 three quarters ; 50% fifty hundredths ( fifty per cent).4、数词的用法：1、表示年份：2002: twenty thousand and two ; 1976 : nineteen seventy-si

23、x.2、表示日期： 12月1日: Dec.1st或the first of December；2002年11月8日: Nov. 8th, 2002.3、表示时刻： 5：15 five fifteen或a quarter past five ; 8：30 eight thirty或half past eight ; 10：45 ten forty-five或a quarter to eleven.4、表示编号：Room 105Room one 0 five; Bus No.13Bus Number Thirteen; P.5Page Five; Tel.No.7658659Telephone N

24、umber seven-six-five-eight-six-five-nine5、小数的读法：5.7 five point seven, 0.16 zero point one six.6、“半”的表达： 1/2half, 半小时half an hour, 1.5小时one and a half hours或one hour and a half. 7、序数词前面加the时,表示顺序,加a/an时表示“再一、又一”。如：The third lesson is rather difficult.(第三课相当难)/ Shall we read the text a third time?(我们把

25、课文读第三遍,好吗？)巩固练习1.About _ students in our class can describe that place in English. A. three-fifths B. three-fifth C. third-five D. third-fifths2.Nine _ pounds a week? Thats very good. A. hundred of B. hundreds of C. hundreds D. hundred3.We often have sports after class, and I like to play _ basketba

26、ll. A. a B. an C. the D. 不填4. This is _ song Ive told you about. Isnt it _ beautiful one? A. the; the B. a; a C. the; a D. a; the 5. It is said that SARS has killed more than _ people worldwide. A. three hundreds B. three hundreds C. three hundreds D. three hundred 6. -How many workers are there in

27、your factory? -There are two _. A. hundreds B. hundred C. hundred of D. hundreds of 7. -Which is the smallest number of the four? -_. A. Two-thirds B. A half C. A quarter D. Three-fourths 8. -What do you think of a war, Li Ming? -Ive no idea. But its a fact that _ people had to leave their hometown

28、during the War on Iraq. A. three thousands B. thousand of C. thousands of D. several thousands 9. We all think that the _ century will bring us more hopes. A. twenty-first B. twentieth-first C. twenty-one D. twentieth-one 10. -Can you write the number eighty-five thousand, six hundred and twenty-six? -Yes, it is _. A