机械原理重要名词术语中英文对照表教学文稿.docx

1、机械原理重要名词术语中英文对照表教学文稿机械原理重要名词术语中英文对照表机械原理重要名词术语中英文对照表Aabsolute motion 绝对运动absolute velocity 绝对速度acceleration加速度acceleration analysis加速度分析acceleration diagram 加速度曲线addendum 齿顶高addendum circle 齿顶圆additional mechanism附加机构allowable amount of unbalance 许用不平衡量allowable pressure angle 许用压力角amount of unbalan

2、ce 不平衡量amplitude of vibration 振幅analytical design 解析设计analysis of mechanism机构分析angle of contact 包角angle of engagement 啮合角angular acceleration 角加速度angular velocity 角速度angular velocity ratio 角速比aperiodic speed fluctuation 非周期性速度波动applied force 作用力arm 臂部archimedes worm 阿基米德蜗杆assembly condition 装配条件auto

3、mation 自动化axial thrust load 轴向分力Bback angle 背锥角back cone 背锥back cone distance 背锥距backlash 侧系balance mass, quality of mass 平衡质量balance of balance机构平衡balance of machinery 机械平衡balance of shaking force 惯性力平衡balance 平衡balancing machine 平衡机balancing quality 平衡品质balancing speed 平衡转速balance of rotor 转子平衡bas

4、e circle基圆base cone 基圆锥base cylinder 基圆柱base pitch 基圆齿距belt pulley 带轮belt pulley 皮带轮belt drives 带传动bevel gears 圆锥齿轮机构bevel gear 锥齿轮blank 齿轮 轮坯block diagram 框图body guidance mechanism 刚体导引机构Ccam with oscillating follower 摆动从动件运动规律cam profile 实际廓线cam 凸轮cams, cam mechanism 凸轮机构cam profile 凸轮(实际)廓线cartes

5、ian coordinate manipulator 直角坐标操作器centrifugal force 离心力center distance 中心距center distance change 中心距变动central gear 中心轮chain wheel 链轮characteristics 特性circular pitch 齿距clearance 顶隙clearance 径向间歇closed kinematic chain 闭式运动链 closed chain mechanism 闭式链机构coefficient of speed fluctuation机械运转不均匀系数coefficie

6、nt of friction 摩擦系数coefficient of speed fluctuation 速度波动系数coefficient of travel speed variation, advance-to return-time ratio 行程速比系数coefficient of velocity fluctuation 运动不均匀系数coincident points 重合点combine in parallel 并联式组合common normal line 公法线compound hinge 复合铰链compound combining复合式组合compound screw

7、mechanism复式螺旋机构compound gear train 复合轮系complex mechanism复杂机构computer aided design计算机辅助设计computer integrated manufacturing system 计算机集成制造系统combined mechanism 组合机构common apex of cone 锥顶combine in series 串连式组合conjugate profiles共轭齿廓conjugate cam共轭凸轮connecting rod, couple 连杆cone angle 圆锥角constraint 约束con

8、straint condition 约束条件constant acceleration and deceleration motion 等加速等减速运动规律 constant diameter cam等径凸轮constant breadth cam 等宽凸轮constitution of mechanism机构组成contacting line, pressure line, line of engagement 啮合线contact ratio 重合度constant-velocity universal joints 双万向联轴节cone distance 锥距cone pulley 锥轮

9、coordinate frame 坐标系correcting plane校正平面correcting plane 平衡平面counterweight 平衡重couple of forces, couples 力偶couple curve 连杆曲线crank 曲柄crank-rocker mechanism曲柄摇杆机构crank angle between extreme positions极位夹角crank arm, planet carrier 系杆critical speed 临界转速circulating power load 循环功率流circular gear 圆形齿轮cross-b

10、elt drive交叉带传动crossed helical gears交错轴斜齿轮curvature曲率curved-shoe follower曲面从动件curve matching 曲线拼接cutter 刀具cycloidal gear 摆线齿轮cycloidal motion 摆线运动规律cycloidal-pin wheel 摆线针轮cycle of motion 运动周期cylindric pair 圆柱副cylindrical cam 圆柱凸轮cylindrical worm 圆柱蜗杆cylindrical coordinate manipulator 圆柱坐标操作器D dead p

11、oint 死点dedendum 齿根高dedendum circle 齿根圆degree of freedom (dof for short )自由度depth of cut 切齿深度design variable 设计变量detrimental resistance有害阻力diametral pitch 径节diametral quotient 直径系数diametral quotient 蜗杆直径系数differential gear train 差动轮系differential screw mechanism 差动螺旋机构differential screw mechanism 差动螺旋

12、机构differentials 差速器direct (forward ) kinematics 正向运动学displacement 位移displacement diagram 位移曲线disk cam 盘形凸轮double-slider mechanism, ellipsograph 双滑块机构double crank mechanism 双曲柄机构double rocker mechanism 双摇杆机构driven pulley 从动带轮driven link, follower 从动件driven gear 从动轮driving force驱动力driving moment 驱动力矩d

13、riving link 原动件driving gear 主动齿轮driving pulley主动带轮dwell 停歇dynamic balance 动平衡dynamic balancing machine 动平衡机dynamic characteristics 动态特性dynamic reaction 动压力dynamic load 动载荷dynamic analysis of machinery机械动力分析dynamic design of machinery 机械动力设计dynamics of machinery 机械动力学Eeccentric 偏心盘effective resistanc

14、e工作阻力effective resistance moment工作阻力矩end-effector 末端执行器engaging-in啮入engaging-out啮出engagement, meshing engagement, meshing 啮合epicyclic gear train 周转轮系equivalent spur gear 当量齿轮equivalent teeth number 当量齿数equivalent coefficient of friction 当量摩擦系数equivalent link 等效构件equivalent force 等效力equivalent moment

15、 等效力矩equivalent mass 等效质量equilibrium 力平衡equivalent mechanism 替代机构equivalent moment of inertia 等效惯性力extreme position极限位置external gear 外齿轮external force 外力Fface width 齿宽face width 平底宽度feedback combining 反馈式组合field balancing 现场平衡Fifth-power polynomial motion 五次多项式运动规律final contact， end of contact 终止啮合点

16、flat belt drive 带传动flat-face follower 平底从动件flexspline 柔轮flexible rotor 挠性转子flexible impulse, soft shock 柔性冲击flexible manufacturing system 柔性制造系统flexible automation 柔性自动化flywheel飞轮follower dwell 从动件停歇follower motion 从动件运动规律form cutting 仿形法force 力force polygon 力多边形force-closed cam mechanism 力封闭型凸轮机构fo

17、rced vibration 强迫振动form-closed cam mechanism 形封闭凸轮机构four-bar linkage 四杆机构frequency of vibration 振动频率friction摩擦friction angle 摩擦角friction force 摩擦力friction moment 摩擦力矩friction circle 摩擦圆frame，fixed link机架frequency频率full balance of shaking force 惯性力完全平衡fundamental mechanism 基础机构fixed link, frame 固定构件f

18、unction generator函数发生器Ggear 齿轮gear train 轮系gear ratio 齿数比gears 齿轮机构generating 范成法generating line 发生线generating plane 发生面geneva wheel 槽轮general constraint公共约束generating line of involute 渐开线发生线generating 展成法，范成法geneva mechanism 槽轮机构governor调速器grashoffs law 格拉晓夫定理grashoffs law曲柄存在条件graphical design 图解设

19、计groove cam 槽凸轮Hharmonic drive 谐波传动helical pair 螺旋副helical angle 螺旋角helix, helical line 螺旋线helical gear 斜齿圆柱齿轮herringbone gear，double helical gear 人字齿轮higher pair高副hob，hobbing cutter滚刀hob,hobbing cutter 齿轮滚刀hydrodynamic drive 液力传动hydraulic mechanism 液压机构Iidler gear 惰轮imaginary part 虚部inertia force惯性

20、力initial contact ,beginning of contact 起始啮合点inline roller follower对心滚子从动件inline flat-faced follower 对心平底从动件inline slider crank mechanism对心曲柄滑块机构input link 输入构件instantaneous center of velocity 速度瞬心instantaneous center 瞬心interchangeable gears互换性齿轮interference干涉intermittent motion mechanism 间歇运动机构inter

21、nal gear 内齿轮intermittent gearing不完全齿轮inverse cam mechanism 反凸轮机构inverse (backward) kinematics 反向运动学involute 渐开线involute profile 渐开线齿廓involute gear 渐开线齿轮involute equation 渐开线方程involute function 渐开线函数involute worm 渐开线蜗杆involute helicoid 渐开线螺旋面increment or decrement work 盈亏功in-line translating follower

22、对心移动从动件Jjacobi matrix 雅克比矩阵jerk 跃度jerk diagram 跃度曲线jointed manipulator关节型操作器Kkennedys theorem，theorem of three centers 三心定理kinematic inversion 机架变换kinematic design of mechanism机构运动设计kinematic diagram 机构运动简图kinematic inversion 运动倒置kinematic analysis 运动分析kinematic pair 运动副kinematic diagram 运动简图kinemat

23、ic chain 运动链kinematic design 运动设计kinematic synthesis 运动综合kinematic inversion 反转法knife-edge follower尖底从动件Llayout of cam profile 凸轮廓线绘制lead 导程lead angle 导程角length of contacting line 啮合线长度link 构件linkages 连杆机构line of centers 连心线load 载荷load balancing mechanism 均衡装置lower pair 低副Mmachine机器manipulator 机器人操作

24、器machinery 机械manipulator机械手mathematical model 数学模型mass-radius product 质径积mechanism 机构mechanism机构学mechanical advantage机械利益mechanical behavior 机械特性mechanical efficiency机械效率mechanisms and machine theory, theory of mechanisms and machines机械原理mechanism with flexible elements 挠性机构meshing point 啮合点metric g

25、ears公制齿轮mid-plane 中间平面minimum teeth number 最少齿数minimum radius 最小向径module 模数modified gear 变位齿轮modification coefficient 变位系数moment 力矩moment of couple 力偶矩moment of inertia, shaking moment惯性力矩moment of flywheel 飞轮距motion skewness 运动失真moving link 运动构件Nnonstandard gear非标准齿轮noncircular gear非圆齿轮normal plane

26、法面normal paramenters 法面参数normal circular pitch 法面齿距normal module 法面模数normal pressure angle 法面压力角nomogram诺模图number of waves 波数number of threads 蜗杆头数nut, screw nut螺母Oobjective function 目标函数offset distance 偏距offset circle 偏距圆offset roller follower 偏置滚子从动件offfser knife-edge follower 偏置尖底从动件offset flat-f

27、ace follower 偏置平底从动件offset slider-crank mechanism 偏置曲柄滑块机构oldham coupling 双转块机构open-belt drive 开口传动open kinematic chain 开式链open chain mechanism 开式链机构optimal design 优化设计output work输出功output link 输出构件output mechanism 输出机构output torque 输出力矩output shaft 输出轴oscillating follower 摆动从动件oscillating guide-bar

28、 mechanism 摆动导杆机构ordinary gear train 定轴轮系other mechanism most in use 其它常用机构overlap contact ratio 纵向重合度Pparabolic motion抛物线运动partial balance of shaking force 惯性力部分平衡path generator轨迹发生器passive degree of freedom 局部自由度parallel helical gears 平行轴斜齿轮pawl 棘爪periodic speed fluctuation 周期性速度波动pinion 小齿轮pinion

29、 and rack 齿轮齿条机构pinion cutter 齿轮插刀pitch curve 理论廓线pitch point 节点pitch line节线pitch circle 节园pitch diameter节圆直径pitch cone 节圆锥pitch cone angle节圆锥角pitch curve 凸轮理论廓线planetary differential封闭差动轮系planetary drive with small teeth difference 少齿差行星传动planet gear 行星轮planet gear train行星轮系planet carrier 行星架planar

30、 pair, flat pair 平面副planar mechanism 平面机构planar kinematic pair 平面运动副planar linkage 平面连杆机构planar cam 平面凸轮pneumatic mechanism 气动机构polar coordinate manipulator球坐标操作器polynomial motion 多项式运动规律pose, position and orientation 位姿power 功率pressure angle of base circle 基圆压力角pressure angle of involute 渐开线压力角pressure angle 压力角prismatic joint 移动关节Qquick-return mechanism 急回机构quick-return characteristics 急回特性quick-return motion 急回运动Rrack 齿条rack cutter 齿条插