英语拓展词汇.docx

1、英语拓展词汇节日篇1.春节 the Spring Festival / Chinese lunar Near Year农历正月初一 the first day of the first lunar month农历 lunar calendar年终大扫除 year-end household cleaning春联 Spring Festival couplets年画 New Year pictures剪纸 paper-cuts团圆饭 family reunion dinner饺子 jiaozi春晚 Spring Festival Gala守岁 stay up late on the New Ye

2、ars Eve除夕 Eve of Chinese New Year辞旧迎新 ring out the old year and ring in the new拜年 pay a New Year visit红包 red packets压岁钱 lucky money放爆竹 let off firecrackers庙会 temple fair禁忌 taboo2.元宵节 Lantern Festival农历正月十五 15th day of the first lunar month元宵 rice dumplings花灯 festival lantern灯谜 lantern riddle灯会 exhib

3、it of lanterns烟花 fireworks3.端午节 Dragon Boat Festival农历五月初五 5th of the fifth lunar month粽子 zongzi糯米 sticky rice粽叶 bamboo leaves舞龙 dragon dance舞狮 lion dance踩高跷 stilt walking赛龙舟 dragon-boat racing纪念 in memory of屈原 Quyuan诗人 poet忠臣 loyal minister4.清明节 Tomb-sweeping Day寒食节 Cold Food Festival祭拜祖先 offer sac

4、rifices to ones ancestors扫墓 sweep graves of ones ancestors or loved ones踏青 go for a spring outing5.中秋节 Mid-Autumn Day / Moon Festival农历八月十五 15th of the eighth lunar month月饼 moon cake赏月 appreciate the glorious full moon中国神话故事 Chinese mythology嫦娥 Change后羿 Hou Yi长生不老 be immortal6.重阳节 Double Ninth Day赏菊

5、 admire the beauty of chrysanthemum登高 climb a height7.七夕节 Double Seventh Day/Chinese Valentines Day银河 the Milky Way鹊桥 bridge of magpies牛郎 Cowherd织女 the Weaving Maid王母娘娘 the Queen of Heaven乞巧 praying-for-cleverness女红 needlework社会篇改革开放 reform and opening up小康社会 a well-to-do society奔小康 strive for a rel

6、atively comfortable life人民生活 peoples livelihood生活水平living standards生活质量quality of life改善民生improve peoples wellbeing住房条件housing conditions生活条件living conditions共同富裕shared prosperity社会稳定social stability衣食住行food, clothing, sheltering and means of traveling厉行节约practice economy缩小收入差距narrow the income gap人

7、均收入average income per capita文化程度educational level城镇居民urban citizen失业保障unemployment security人口问题the issue of population全面发展all-round development发达国家developed country发展中国家developing country人口老龄化population aging养老 provision for the aged养老保险 old-age insurance社会保险 social insurance计划生育 family planning独生子女

8、政策 one-child policy城市人口 urban population农业人口 agriculture population普查 census社会事业 social programs人才市场 talent market人才交流 talent exchange人才外流 brain drain应届高校毕业生 new college graduate农民工 rural migrant worker公务员 civil servant市民 citizen名人 celebrity残疾人 the disabled就业率 employment rate失业率 unemployment rate出生率

9、 birth rate死亡率 mortality rate寿命life span贫困地区 poverty-stricken region欠发达地区underdeveloped area摆脱贫困 shake off poverty生活困难 be badly-off用电量 electricity consumption森林覆盖率 forest coverage产业结构 industrial structure创历史新高 an all-time high战略性新兴产业 strategic emerging industries基础设施 infrastructure南水北调South-to-North

10、 Water Diversion Project自然灾害natural disasters本土化localization体力劳动manual labor可持续发展 sustainable development沙尘暴 sandstorm建筑灰尘 construction dust市政府 the municipal government违章建筑 unlicensed construction严厉地处罚 impose tough punishments on主要污染源 major sources of pollutants建筑灰尘 construction dust炫富 show off weal

11、th热词 hot word/ buzzword品位 taste大众传媒mass media中国文化篇1.中国文化四大发明 the four great inventions of ancient China火药 gunpowder印刷术 printing造纸术 paper-making指南针 the compass文房四宝” Four Treasures of the Study笔 writing brush墨 ink stick纸 paper砚 ink slab书法 calligraphy中国画 traditional Chinese painting水墨画 Chinese brush pa

12、inting雕刻 sculpture泥人 clay figure武术 martial arts京剧 Peking opera昆曲 Kunqu opera相声 cross talk中药 traditional Chinese medicine中国结 Chinese knot唐装 Tang suit四合院 courtyard house红茶 black tea绿茶 green tea功夫茶 Gongfu tea火锅 hot pot2.中国文学四大名著 four major classical novels三国演义 The Romance of Three Kingdoms红楼梦 Dream of

13、the Red Mansions水浒传 Outlaw of the Marshes西游记 Journey to the West四书 The Four Books大学 The Great Learning中庸 The Doctrine of the Mean论语 Analects of Confucius孟子 The Mencius五经 The Five Classics诗经The Book of Songs书经 The Book of History易经 The Book of Changes礼记 the Book of Rites春秋 The Spring and Autumn Annal

14、s3.中国古代哲学家及相关表达哲学家 philosopher孔子 Confucius孟子 Mencius老子 Lao Tzu孙子 Sun Tzu庄子 Chuang Tzu儒学 Confucian School孔庙 Temple of Confucius孙子兵法 The Art of War4.中国历史及相关表达封建的 feudal朝代 dynasty春秋时期 the Spring and Autumn Period战国时期 the Warring States Period隋唐时期 the Sui and Tang dynasties明清时期 Ming and Qing dynasties秦始

15、皇 the First Emperor of Qin君主 monarch皇帝 emperor皇太后 Empress Dowager丞相 prime minister大臣 minister忠臣 loyal minister中华文明 Chinese civilization丝绸之路 the Silk Road西域 western countries历史遗迹 historical site文化遗产 cultural heritage文物 cultural relics科举制 imperial examination for recruiting civil servants教育篇素质教育 educa

16、tion for all-round development应试教育 exam-oriented education填鸭式教学 cramming method of learning义务教育 compulsory education高等教育 higher education普通高校 regular institution of higher learning就业服务和职业培训employment services and vocational skills training综合性大学 comprehensive university重点大学 key university减轻学生负担 reduc

17、e burden for students应届高校毕业生new college graduates招生办公室 admission office入学考试 entrance examination高考 college entrance examination研究生入学考试 postgraduate entrance examination入学资格 admission qualification升学率 proportion of students entering schools of a higher grade奖学金 scholarship学费tuition专业课 course within o

18、nes major必修课 required course选修课 optional course学分制 credit system毕业论文 graduation thesis毕业证书 graduation certificate学生会 students union学历 record of formal schooling中小学生 primary and secondary school student本科生undergraduate研究生postgraduate同学 classmate教授 professor副教授 associate professor讲师 lecturer助教 teachin

19、g assistant教育界 education circle教育投入 input in education学前教育 preschool education智力引进 introduce talents课外活动 extracurricular activity科技篇科技是第一生产力 science and technology constitute a primary productive force科技体制改革 reform of the science and technology management system技术密集产品 technology-intensive product科技含

20、量 technology content尖端科技 state-of-the-art technology研究开发 research and development治理污染 curb the environmental pollution水循环利用工厂water recycling plant核电站 nuclear power plant非化石能源发电量 electricity generated from non-fossil energy新粒子 new particleH7N9病毒 H7N9 virus应用科学 applied science3D打印 3D printing人造器官 arti

21、ficial organ顶层设计 the top layer design节能减排 energy conservation and emission reduction工业升级 industrial upgrading结构性障碍 structural obstacle资源利用率 resource utilization rate高速铁路 high-speed rail科学发展观 Scientific Outlook on Development科技发展 scientific and technological advancement生态农业 environmental-friendly agr

22、iculture创新 innovation高科技园区 high-tech park国家重点实验室 national key laboratory研究成果 research result新兴学科 new branch of science人工智能 artificial intelligence信息高速公路 information superhighway网民 netizen网上购物 online shopping网上交易平台 online trading platform“宽带中国”战略 Chinas broadband strategy产能 production capacity神舟十号the

23、 Shenzhou-10 spacecraft嫦娥三号 The Change-3 lunar lander经济篇国民生产总值 Gross National Product (GNP)国内生产总值 Gross Domestic Product (GDP)国有企业 state-owned enterprises (SOEs)社会主义市场经济 socialist market economy市场经济秩序 the order of the market economy扩大内需 expand domestic demand宏观调控 macro control按劳分配 distribution accor

24、ding to ones performance城乡居民收入 income of urban and rural residents劳动力 labor综合国力 overall national strength公有制 public ownership私有制 private ownership私营企业 private business中小企业 small and medium enterprises (SMEs)跨国公司 multinational corporation网络经济 Internet-based economy经济规律 law of economy大规模生产 mass produc

25、tion生产力 productive forces年均增长率 average growth rate per annum可持续增长 sustainable growth经济效益 economic returns经济增长 economic growth经济波动 economic fluctuation衰退 recession提高经济效益 enhance economic performance扭亏为盈 turn a loss-making business into a profitable one优化经济结构 optimize economic structure经济结构战略性调整 strat

26、egic adjustment of the economic structure优化消费结构 optimize the consumption structure产业结构升级 upgrading of an industrial structure产业格局 industrial pattern高新技术产业 high and new technology industries经济特区 special economic zones繁荣与稳定 prosperity and stability经济交流 economic exchange利用外资 utilization of foreign capi

27、tal投资 investment知识产权 intellectual property rights版权 copyright商标 trademark专利 patent电子商务 e-business循环经济 recycling economy个人所得税 personal income tax税收政策 tax policy试点工程 pilot project经济带 economic belts经济全球化 economic globalization财政和货币政策 fiscal and monetary policies高频单词1. alter v. 改变，改动，变更2. burst vi. n. 突

28、然发生，爆裂3. dispose vi. 除掉；处置；解决；处理(of)4. blast n. 爆炸；气流 vi. 炸，炸掉5. consume v. 消耗，耗尽6. split v. 劈开；割裂；分裂 a.裂开的7. spit v. 吐(唾液等)；唾弃8. spill v. 溢出，溅出，倒出9. slip v. 滑动，滑落；忽略10. slide v. 滑动，滑落 n. 滑动；滑面；幻灯片11. bacteria n. 细菌12. breed n. 种，品种 v. 繁殖，产仔13. budget n. 预算 v. 编预算，作安排14. candidate n. 候选人15. campus n

29、. 校园16. liberal a. 慷慨的；丰富的；自由的17. transform v. 转变，变革；变换18. transmit v. 传播，播送；传递19. transplant v. 移植20. transport vat. 运输，运送 n. 运输，运输工具21. shift v. 转移；转动；转变22. vary v. 变化，改变；使多样化23. vanish vi. 消灭，不见24. swallow v. 吞下，咽下 n. 燕子25. suspicion n. 怀疑，疑心26. suspicious a. 怀疑的，可疑的27. mild a. 温暖的，暖和的；温柔的，味淡的28.

30、 tender a. 温柔的；脆弱的29. nuisance n. 损害，妨害，讨厌(的人或事物)30. insignificant a. 无意义的，无足轻重的；无价值的31. accelerate vt. 加速，促进32. absolute a. 绝对的，无条件的；完全的33. boundary n. 分界线，边界34. brake n. 刹车，制动器 v. 刹住(车)35. catalog n. 目录(册) v. 编目36. vague a. 模糊的，不明确的37. vain n. 徒劳，白费38. extinct a. 绝灭的，熄灭的39. extraordinary a. 不平常的，特别的，非凡的40. extreme a. 极度的，极端的 n. 极端，过分41. agent n. 代理人，代理商；动因，原因42. alcohol n. 含酒精的饮料，酒精43. appeal n. /vi. 呼吁，恳求44. appreciate vt.