科普类英语词汇.docx

1、科普类英语词汇天文类：1ASTRONOMY天文astronomy天文学astronomical天文的astronomicalobservatory天文台astronomer天文学家astrophysics天文物理学astrology占星学pseudoscience伪科学cosmos(universe)宇宙cosmology宇宙学infinite无限的cosmic宇宙的cosmicradiation宇宙辐射cosmicrays宇宙射线celestial天的celestialbody(heavenlybody)天体celestialmap(skyatlas)天体图celestialsphere天球

2、dwarf(dwarfstar)矮星constellation星座galaxy(MilkyWay)新河系cluster星团solarsystem太阳系solarcorona日冕solareclipse日食solarradiation太阳辐射planet行星planetoid(asteroid)小行星revolve旋转，绕转twinkle闪烁nakedeye肉眼Mercury水星Venus金星Earth地球Mars火星Jupiter木星Saturn土星Uranus天王星Neptune海王星Pluto冥王星orbit轨道spin旋转satellite卫星lunar月球的meteor流星meteor

3、shower流星雨meteoroid流星体meteorite陨石comet彗星space(outerspace)太空，外层空间spacecraft(spaceship)宇宙飞船spaceman(astronaut)宇航员，航天员spacesuit宇航服，航天服spaceshuttle航天飞机spacetelescope空间望远镜astronaut宇航员star恒星stellar恒星的intergalactic星系间的interstellar恒星间的interplanetary行星间的asteroid小行星nebula星云spacedebris太空垃圾ammonia氨corona日冕convec

4、tionzone对流层vacuum真空infraredray红外线radiation辐射emission发射，散发high-resolution高清晰度interferometer干扰仪托福词汇分类快记?植物类botany植物学botanist植物学家botanical(botanic)植物的plant植物aquaticplant水生植物parasiteplant寄生植物root根canopy树冠层，顶棚foliage(leaf)叶leaflet小叶rosette(叶的)丛生stem茎stalk杆leafstalk叶柄shoot(sprout)嫩芽，抽枝flower花bud花蕾petal花瓣p

5、eel(skin)果皮shell(硬)果壳husk（干）果壳；（玉米）苞叶trunk树干branch树枝bough大或者粗的树枝twig小树枝bark树皮jungle丛林lawn草坪meadow草地，牧场prairie大草原shrub(bush)灌木cluster一簇（灌木）fern蕨类植物herb草photosynthesis光合作用symbiosis共生wither(shrivel,fade)凋谢pollen花粉pollinate传授花粉pollination授粉cell细胞tissue组织organ器官system系统seeds种子everlasting永久的orchid兰花pollin

6、ate授粉crossbreed杂交shrub灌木sequoia红杉rootpressure根压bore腔，肠column花柱symbiotic共生的immunity免疫organism生物，有机物necrosis坏死barren贫瘠futile无用的carbohydrate(starch)碳水化合物（淀粉），糖类glucose葡萄糖starch淀粉fat脂肪protein蛋白质vitamin维他命calorie卡路里（热量单位）malnourished营养不良的nutrition营养托福词汇分类快记?动物类class纲order目family科genus属suborder亚目species种i

7、nvertebrate无脊椎动物vertebrate脊椎动物aquatic(life)水生动物reptile爬行动物amphibian(amphibiousanimal)两栖动物dinosaur恐龙bird鸟类extinction灭绝mammal哺乳动物primates灵长目动物insect昆虫antenna(复数antennae)触须larva幼虫，幼体camouflage伪装pest害虫worm虫，蠕虫hibernate冬眠lizard蜥蜴chameleon变色蜥蜴regeneration再生turtle龟beast野兽domesticate驯养predatory(carnivorous)

8、食肉的predator捕食者prey（动词）捕食；（名词）被捕食的动物scavenger食腐动物migrate迁移wing翅膀，翼bill（鸟）嘴beak（鹰等的）嘴nest筑巢dolphin海豚whale鲸鱼bat蝙蝠gorilla大猩猩chimpanzee黑猩猩habitat栖息地rodent啮齿动物（如松鼠）primate灵长动物plankton浮游生物mollusk软体动物coelenterate腔肠动物（如珊瑚）shrimp小虾prawn对虾lobster对虾crab螃蟹clam蛤蜊sponge海绵coral珊瑚starfish海星canary金丝雀chirp(鸟，虫的叫声)唧唧sq

9、ueak（老鼠等）吱吱porpoise海豚sloth树懒slothful懒惰的hygiene卫生sanitation卫生parasite寄生虫moth蛾caterpillar毛虫hordes(昆虫等)群swarms(昆虫等)群flock（鸟，羊等）群community动物的群落或人的部落herd兽群bunch（花等）束，捧beaver海狸monogamous一雄一雌的polygamous一雄多雌的polyandrous一雌多雄的trapper诱捕动物者rhinoceros犀牛niche小生态环境vestige退化器官，遗迹oyster牡蛎fertilizer使受精larvae幼虫tentacl

10、e触角homotherm恒温动物poikilotherm变温动物metabolism新陈代谢baboon狒狒breed(名词)品种，（动词）繁殖multiply（reproduce）繁殖hatch孵spawn(鱼、虾、蛙等)孵offspring(young)解剖学anatomy解剖学appetite食欲creature生物microbe微生物herbivorous食草的carnivorous食肉的omnivorous杂事的托福词汇分类快记?物理类physics物理mechanics力学thermodynamics热力学acoustics声学electromagnetism电磁学optics光学

11、dynamics动力学force力velocity速度acceleration加速度equilibrium平衡statics静力学motion运动inertia惯性gravitation引力relativity相对gravity地心引力vibration震动medium(media)媒质frequency频率wavelength波长pitch音高intensity强度echo回声resonance回声，洪亮sonar声纳ultrasonics超声学electricity电staticelectricity静电magnetism磁性，磁力magnet磁体electromagnet电磁magnet

12、icfield磁场electriccurrent电流directcurrent(DC)直流电alternatingcurrent(AC)交流电electriccircuit电路electriccharge电荷electricvoltage电压electricshock触电electricappliance电器conductor导体insulator绝缘体semiconductor半导体battery(cell)电池drybattery干电池storagebattery蓄电池electronics电子学electronic电子的electroniccomponent(part)电子零件integ

13、ratedcircuit集成电路chip集成电器片，集成块electrontube电子管vacuumtube真空管transistor晶体管amplification(名词)放大amplify（动词）放大amplifier放大器，扬声器oscillation震荡optical光（学）的opticalfiber光学纤维lens透镜，镜片convex凸透镜concave凹透镜microscope显微镜telescope望远镜magnifier放大镜spectrum光谱ultraviolet紫外线XraysX射线Gammarays射线infraredrays红外线microwaves微波disper

14、sion色散transparent透明translucent半透明opaque不透明的托福词汇分类快记?化学类chemicalproperty化学特性，化学性质chemicalcomposition(makeup)化学成分chemicalagent化学试剂chemicalreaction化学反应chemicalchange化学变化chemicalbond化学键chemicalapparatus化学器械substance(matter,material)物质element元素periodictable周期表hydrogen氢oxygen氧nitrogen氮helium氦carbon碳calcium钙silicon硅sulfur硫iodine碘compound化合物hydrocarbon碳氢化合物derivative衍生物alchemy炼金术petroleum(oil)石油petroleump