届高考英语知识点复习01Word文档格式.docx

1、（=We remembered having seen the film. ）C. 动词-ing形式的被动形式 动词的-ing形式的被动形式表示它的逻辑主语是-ing形式表示的动作的承受者。 1一般式的被动形式 The question being discussed is very important. 正在讨论的问题很重要。 I cant stand being kept waiting.我不堪久候。 2完成式的被动形式 I heard of his having been chosen to be the coach of the team. 我听说他被选为球队的教练。 Having b

2、een shown the lab, we were taken to see the school library.在被带去看了实验室之后，我们又被带去参观校图书馆。 D. 动词-ing形式的否定形式 动词的-ing形式的否定形式是由not 加动词的-ing形式构成。 His not coming made everyone present very disappointed.他没来使在场的每个人都很失望。 Im sorry for not being present at the meeting in time. 我很抱歉没能按时赴会。 Not knowing his address, I

3、 could do nothing but stay at home and wait. 不知道他的地址，我只好在家里等着。 Not having studied his lessons very hard, he failed the examinations. 因为没有努力学习功课，他考试不及格。二、动词的-ing形式的用法A动词的-ing形式作主语1动词的-ing形式可直接置于句首作主语。 Seeing is believing. 百闻不如一见。 Collecting stamps is interesting. 集邮很有趣。 Learning about a language is e

4、asier than using it. 学习有关语言的知识比使用语言容易。 Being invited to the party was a great honor to the family. 被邀请参加晚会是这家人的荣耀。 2为了保持句子平衡，通常用先行词it作形式主语，而把真正的主语放在句末。 It is easy making plans, but it is difficult carrying them. 制定计划很容易，实行它却很难。 It is no use crying over spilt milk. 作无益的后悔是没有用的。 Its a waste of time ar

5、guing about it. 争论这事是浪费时间。 必背：动词的-ing形式作主语的几个常用句型。s no good talking to him. 和他谈话是没有用的。 It is useless telephoning him. He is not willing to come. 给他打电话没用。他不愿意来。s worth making an effort. 努力一下是值得的。 There is no saying when it will stop raining. 无法断定这场雨什么时候会停。 There is no joking about such matters. 这种事开不

6、得玩笑。B动词的-ing形式作表语 动词的-ing形式作表语的有两种不同的含义： 1表示主语的内容是什么。 Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible. 她的工作是尽量使报告厅保持干净。 The real question is getting to know the needs of the students. 真正的问题是了解学生的需要。 His hobby is collecting stamps. 他的爱好是集邮。 2表示主语具有的特征。 The problem is quite puzzling. 这个问题很令人困

7、惑。 It was astonishing to see the animals and plants that are found nowhere else in the world. 看到了世界上其它地方找不到的动植物真是令人惊讶。 The food at the dinner party did not seem very inviting. 宴会上的食物似乎并不诱人。 比较： 一般说来，动词的-ing形式表示一般性、习惯性的动作，或抽象性的动作，时间概念不强。而动词不定式表示的动作往往是具体的或一次性的动作，特别是将来的动作。 Smoking is forbidden here. 这里

8、禁止吸烟。（泛指）s not good for you to smoke so much. 吸这么多烟对你的身体不好。（具体） They prefer staying indoors when the weather is cold. 天冷时他们喜欢呆在室内。 Would you prefer to stay at home this evening 今晚你想待在家里吗？（具体C动词的-ing形式作宾语 动词的-ing形式既可作及物动词的宾语，也可作介词的宾语。 1作动词的宾语 能用-ing形式作宾语的及物动词可分两类，一类是只能用-ing形式作宾语，另一类是既可用-ing形式作宾语，也可用不

9、定式作宾语。 只能用-ing形式作宾语的动词 这类动词只能用-ing形式作宾语，不能用不定式作宾语。 Fancy meeting you here! 想不到在这儿见到你了! I suggest doing it in a different way. 我建议用另一种方法做这件事。 They didnt mind being treated like guests. 他们不在乎被人当作宾客对待。 They admitted smokinghaving smoked in the hall. 他们承认在大厅里抽过烟。 I regret sayinghaving said what I said.

10、我很后悔自己说过的话。 He couldnt help laughing. 他情不自禁地笑了起来。t imagine the boy speaking so rudely to you. 我不能想像这个男孩对你说话这么没礼貌。必背： 只接动词的-ing形式而不接不定式作宾语的动词有 admit 承认 appreciate 感激 avoid 避免 consider 考虑 delay 耽搁 dislike 嫌恶 enjoy 喜欢 escape 避免 excuse 原谅 fancy 想不到 feel like 意欲 finish 完成 forgive 原谅 give up 放弃 cannot hel

11、p 情不自禁 imagine 设想 include 包括 keep 保持 mention 提及 mind 介意 miss 逃过 put off 推迟 practice 练习 resist 抵制 risk 冒险 既可用动词-ing形式作宾语，也可用不定式作宾语 这类动词虽然既能用-ing形式作宾语，也能用不定式作宾语，但用法并不相同，主要有以下几种情况： a. 有些动词，如attempt, continue, hate, intend, like, love, prefer等，后面接动词的-ing形式或不定式区别不是很大。 They prefer spending to spend their

12、summer vacation in Dalian. 他们更喜欢在大连度暑假。 I intend to buy buying an English-Chinese dictionary. 我想买一本英汉词典。 提示：应尽量避免接连出现两个动词-ing形式。 I am starting to learn Russian. 我开始学俄语。 避免说：I am starting learning Russian. b. need, require, want作“需要”解时，后面接-ing形式的主动形式或不定式的被动形式，意义上并无差别，但用-ing形式比较普通。 Your composition ne

13、eds correcting to be corrected. 你的作文需要修改。 His coat wants cleaning to be cleaned. 他的大衣需要洗了。 The old woman requires looking after carefully to be looked after carefully. 这个老大娘需要细心地照料。 2作介词宾语 动词的-ing形式作介词宾语大都和一些固定搭配有关。常见的几种搭配形式有： 动词 + 介词 + -ing形式 Jason aims at becoming an astronaut. 詹森立志要当宇航员。 I dream

14、of being the best footballer in the school. 我梦想成为全校最好的足球队员。 keep doing 继续或保持做某事。（强调动作的持续性） News lf successes keeps pouring in. 捷报频传。 Keep on doing 继续或反复做某事。（强调动作的反复性） We will keep on trying and.if we get anything done.will notify you. 我们将继续努力。有结果将通知你。 Keep sb doing 使某人一直做某事（表示被迫进行的动作）ll try not to k

15、eep you waiting. 我尽量不让你久等。 Keep sb from doing 阻止某人做某事（preventstop sb from doing） The stone walls keep the farmers cows from joining his neighbors cows. 石头墙使农民家的牛不会混入邻居的牛群中去。 动词 + 名词 + 介词 + -ing形式 Please excuse me for being late. 对不起，我迟到了。 What prevented you from joining us last night 昨天晚上什么事使你不能和我们在

16、一起 Sandy wasted no time in getting to know the bosss daughter. 桑迪很快就开始就和老板的女儿套近乎了。 名词 + 介词 + -ing形式 We like his way of teaching English. 我们喜欢他教英语的方式。 He has little hope of passing the examination. 他几乎没有什么希望通过考试。 I have no difficulty in communicating with foreigners. 我在和外国人交谈方面没有什么困难。 形容词 + 介词 + -ing

17、形式m tired of having the same food every day. 天天吃同样的东西我感到腻烦了。 Peter is angry about not being invited to the party. 没有被邀请出席聚会，彼得很生气。 Whos responsible for organizing this conference 是谁负责组织这次大会？ whathow about + -ing形式 What about going for a walk 去散步好不好？ How about playing a game of chess now 现在来下盘棋好吗 介词t

18、o + 动词-ing形式 to 既可以是介词，也可以是不定式符号，在使用中比较容易混淆。若是不定式符号，to后接动词原形；若是介词，to后需接 -ing形式。 You must get used to washing your face with cold water. 你必须习惯用冷水洗脸。 John has admitted to breaking the window. 约翰已承认了打碎窗子。m looking forward to seeing you this summer vacation. 我盼望今年暑假见到你。 He has devoted his whole life to

19、benefiting mankind. 他为全人类的利益献出了自己的一生。 However, others strongly object to developing private cars. 然而,另有一些人强烈反对发展私人小汽车。 He is equal to doing this task. 他能胜任这项任务。 The man took to drinking shortly after his wife died. 他妻子死后不久，这人就开始嗜酒。 Isnt it time you got down to marking those papers 难道还没到你安下心来阅卷的时间吗？D

20、动词的-ing形式作宾语补足语 1 动词的-ing形式可以在see, hear, notice, watch, feel, smell, look at, listen to, observe, find等表示感官和心理状态的动词后面作宾语补足语，和一个名词或代词一起构成复合宾语。 We heard the children shouting upstairs. 我们听见孩子们在楼上叫喊。 I noticed a man running out of the bank when I got off the car. 我下车的时候注意到一个男人从银行里跑出来。 I felt my heart b

21、eating violently. 我觉得我的心在猛烈地跳动。 2动词的-ing形式和不定式作宾语补语的区别 在see, hear, feel, watch, notice等感官动词后，既可用动词的-ing形式构成复合宾语，也可用不定式构成复合宾语，两者之间有一定的区别。用动词的-ing形式时，表示动作 正在进行；用不定式时，表示动作发生了，即动作的全过程结束了。 He saw a girl getting on the car. 他看见一个女孩在上汽车。 （She was getting on the car.） He saw a girl get on the car and drive

22、off. 他看见一个女孩上车开走了。 （She got on the car and drove off.） Do you hear someone knocking at the door 你听见有人在敲门吗？ （Someone is knocking at the door.） Do you hear someone knock at the door 你听见有人敲门了吗？ （Someone knocked at the door just now.）提示： 如果宾语补足语是一系列的动作，通常只能用不定式来表示，不用动词的-ing形式。 I saw him enter the room,

23、sit down and light a cigarette. 我看见他走进房间，坐了下来，点燃了一根香烟。 3动词的-ing形式也可用在have, get, leave, keep, set, catch等表示“致使”的动词后作宾语补足语。 They should not leave us wondering what they will do next. 他们不应该不让我们知道他们下一步要做什么。 I wont have you running about in the room. 我不允许你在房间里跑来跑去。 We kept the fire burning all night long

24、. 我们使火整夜燃烧着。E动词的-ing形式作定语1单个的动词的-ing形式可以作前置定语，一般有两种含义。 说明被修饰名词的用途和性能。 a reading room= a room which is used for reading阅览室 running shoes= shoes for running跑鞋 a working method = a method of working工作方法 a sewing machine 缝纫机 a swimming pool 游泳池 a drawing board 画板 a dining car 餐车 a driving permit 驾驶许可证 a

25、 walking stick 手杖 a singing competition 歌咏比赛 a waiting room 候车室 表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，在意思上接近一个定语从句，可以表示正在进行的动作，也可表示经常性动作或当时的状态。 developing countries = countries that are developing发展中国家 an ordinary-looking house = a house that looks ordinary看起来很普通的房子 a puzzling problem = a problem that puzzles somebody困扰人

26、的问题 The working people are masters of our country. 劳动人民是我们国家的主人。 Let sleeping dogs lie. 不要惹麻烦。 a disappointing play令人失望的戏剧 an astonishing adventure 惊人的冒险 boiling water正在沸腾的水 a sleeping baby 熟睡的婴儿 a barking dog 狂吠的狗 the setting sun 落日 the coming week下一周 failing sight 逐渐衰退的视力2作定语的-ing形式如是一个短语，则应放在被修饰词的后面。 The bottle containing vinegar should be sent to the laboratory. 装着醋的那个瓶子应送到实验室去。 They lived in a house facing south. 他们住在一所朝南的房子里。 The book being discussed a lot will be published next month. 人们谈论很多的那本书下一个月将出版。 3有些