高三英语语法精讲精练习题8Word文档格式.docx

1、引导宾语从句时，常被省略；that从句一般不充当介词宾语，偶尔可作except，in的宾语。That she will refuse the offer seems unlikely.（It seems unlikely that she will refuse the offer.）她不可能拒绝那个建议。I have found （that） all the tickets have been sold out.我发现所有的票已售完。He is a good student except that he is a little bit careless.除了有点粗心之外，他是一个好学生。wh

2、ether与if的用法比较（1）二者均可作“是否”讲，都可以引导名词性从句，引导宾语从句可以互换。I dont know whether/if hell attend the meeting.我不知道他是否会出席会议。（2）在下列情况下，常用whether，不用if。whether引导从句可以放于句首。Whether he comes or not makes no difference.他来不来都一样。whether可引导表语从句和同位语从句，if不可。The question whether he should join the team has not been decided upon

3、.他是否入队的问题还没决定。The question is whether it is worth trying.问题是这是否值得一试。whether可以作介词宾语，if则不可。I havent settled the question of whether Ill lend him the money.关于是否借给他钱的问题，我还没最后决定。whether后可以加不定式，if不可。He didnt know whether to get married or to wait.他不知道是该结婚还是该等待。可以说whether.or引导让步状语从句，“无论，不论”，if则不可。Whether i

4、t rains or snows，I dont care.无论下雨还是下雪，我都不在乎。that引导的定语从句和同位语从句的区别（1）that 作为关系代词引导定语从句，在从句中可作主语、宾语和表语，作宾语时常可省略；that引导同位语从句时，起连词作用，无实义，也不作句子的任何成分，一般不能省略。The news （that） he told me surprised me.（定语从句）他告诉我的消息让我很吃惊。The news that he gave in surprised me.（同位语从句）他投降的消息让我很吃惊。（2）能跟同位语从句的通常是抽象名词，常见的有belief（信念），

5、fact（事实），idea（想法），hope（希望），doubt（怀疑），news（新闻），problem（问题），order（命令），decision（决定），discovery（发现），information（信息），knowledge（知识），opinion（观点），truth（事实），report（报道），thought（想法）等，同位语从句用于说明这些名词的具体内容。而跟定语从句的名词则范围广泛。The fact that the transport of the goods cost too much was not discussed.运费太高这一事实没有被讨论。We have

6、strong belief that we will win the war.我们对能赢得这场战争抱有坚定的信心。We have some doubt whether they can come on time.我们怀疑他们是否能准时来。1（2018年江西卷）The fact has worried many scientists_the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.AwhatBwhichCthat Dthough【解析】本题考查同位语从句。句意为：近年来全球气候不断变暖，这一事实使得很多科学家感到担忧。该题同位语从句结构完整

7、，故选连词that。【答案】C2（2018年北京卷）At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see_it got any better.Awhen BhowCwhy Dif【解析】句意为：一开始他不喜欢这份新工作，但还是决定给自己几个月的时间来看一看是否情况会有好转。此题考查宾语从句。从句中不缺少时间、地点、原因，排除A、B、C三项。D项表示“是否”，符合题意。【答案】D3（2018年天津卷）It is obvious to the students_they should get we

8、ll prepared for their future.Aas BwhichCwhether Dthat显然，学生们应该为他们的未来做好充分的准备。that引导主语从句，在从句中不作句子成分，it是形式主语。as引导定语从句或状语从句；which引导名词性从句时，意为：哪个（些）；whether是否，在此句中如用此词，则语义矛盾。4（2018江苏卷）Many young people in the West are expected to leave_could be lifes most important decisionmarriagealmost entirely up to luc

9、k.Aas BthatCwhich Dwhat【解析】分析句子结构，leave需要一个宾语；could be需要一个主语，所以要选一个能引导宾语从句且能在句子中作主语的词，只有what能满足要求。5（2018年全国卷）Could I speak to_is in charge of International Sales，please?Aanyone BsomeoneCwhoever Dno matter who【解析】句意为“我可以同负责管理国际销售部的人谈一谈吗？”句中to为介词，其后是名词性从句，而从句中缺少主语和关联词，故选C。no matter who引导状语从句。6（2018年浙江

10、卷）Is there any possibility_you could pick me up at the airport?No problem.Awhen BthatCwhether Dwhat你到机场来接我行吗？没问题。that引导同位语从句，说明possibility的内容。【答案】B7（2018年重庆卷）We should consider the studentsrequest_the school library provide more books on popular science.Athat BwhenCwhich Dwhere我们应当考虑学生们的要求，即学校图书馆应该多

11、提供关于大众科学方面的书籍。此题考查名词性从句。名词request后的同位语从句句子结构完整，不缺任何成分，故用that引导。【答案】A8（2018年四川卷）News came from the school office_Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.Awhich BwhatCthat Dwhere学校办公室传出了王琳已经被北京大学录取的消息。这是一道考查同位语从句的题目，news是同位语从句的先行词。9（2018年安徽卷）A good friend of mine from_I was born showed up at

12、my home right before I left for Beijing.Ahow BwhomCwhen Dwhich在我正要动身去北京前，我幼时的一个好朋友来我家里了。从句意分析，选择when表示从我出生时就是我的一个好朋友。10（2018年江苏卷）Many young people in the West are expected to leave_could be lifes most important decisionmarriagealmost entirely up to luck.Aas BthatCwhich Dwhat1（2019届江西高安中学月考）The infor

13、mation will be helpful to_will take over the job.Athose BwhoCwhoever Danyone【解析】考查名词性从句。无论谁接管这份工作，这一信息都将对他有帮助。“whoever will take over the job”是介词to的宾语，whoever在从句中作主语。如果选择A、D两项，需要在后面加上who。2（2019届贵阳部分学校联考）The painting is so valuable that it is difficult to calculate_its price would be.Athat BwhichCwha

14、t D/这里用what引导宾语从句，并在从句中作表语。这画太名贵了，很难估量其价格。3（2019届郑州一中月考）_you dont like him is none of my business.AWhat BIfCThat DWhetherthat引导主语从句，在从句中不作成分；what引导主语从句时充当句中成分；if不能引导主语从句；whether引导的主语从句应是肯定句。由语意可知C项正确。4（2019届济南统考）The media today can draw public attention to_help is actually needed.Cwhere Dwhose【解析】本题

15、考查宾语从句的引导词，结合题干，where引导宾语从句并且在宾语从句中作地点状语。5（2019届临川一中期中测试）_medicine works in a human body is a question_not everyone can understand fully.AHow；that BThat；whichCWhat；which DWhat；that【解析】how在句中引导主语从句；that引导定语从句，修饰限定question。药物是如何作用于人体的，这个问题并不是每个人都能完全理解的。6（2018年郑州一模）I think its going to be an argument.Y

16、es，it could be.I wonder_we can do about it.Awhat BhowCwhen Dwhetherwhat引导的名词性从句作wonder的宾语，且what作从句中谓语动词do的宾语。其他选项没有这个功能。7（2018年海淀一模）Sorry Im so late，but you cannot imagine_great trouble I took to find your house.Awhat BhowCwhich Dwhy【解析】考查宾语从句。take great trouble to do something表示“不辞辛劳地做某事”。在此，what引导

17、的宾语从句同时是一个感叹句，what修饰名词trouble。而how在感叹句中修饰形容词、副词或动词。8（2018年成都第一次诊断）Professor Backman took up scientific research for decades，and this is_he devoted all his life to.Cwhere Dhowwhat引导表语从句且在从句中作介词to的宾语，表示“什么”。9（2018年上海春招）Tina was hesitating about the job offer as she did not know_the company was an esta

18、blished one.Awhether BwhatCUntil DalthoughTina对所提供的工作正在犹豫中，因为她不知道这家公司是不是一家地位稳固的公司。此处whether引导宾语从句，作know的宾语。10（2018年潍坊检测）It could be judged from her eyes_she was very satisfied with her performance.Awhat BwhichCthat Dwhere她对她的表现很满意，这可以从她的眼睛里判断出来。It是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语。11（2018年石家庄质量检测一）The problem is

19、_we can improve our reading skills in such a short time.Awhen BwhereChow Dthat【解析】根据句意可知此处用how引导表语从句。12（2018年长春市第一次调研）_you have picked up，you must give it back to_it belongs to.AWhatever；whoeverBWhat；no matter whoCNo matter what；DWhatever；【解析】考查让步状语从句与名词性从句。从句子的结构和语意可以看出前一部分是让步状语从句，可以使用no matter wha

20、t或whatever来引导；to是介词，后面接的是宾语从句，因此引导词只能使用whoever，而不能使用no matter who。13（2018年西安检测）After working on the maths problem for hours，he found_he thought was the key to it.Awhat BthatCwhere Dwhichwhat引导的名词性从句作found的宾语从句的主语，而且what在名词性从句中作thought的宾语。其他选项不符合语法。14（2018年皖南八校二模）I will give you happily_you ask for only if I have.I like you indeed.Awhichever BwhateverCno matter what Dno matter which【解析】whatever引导名词性从句且作for的宾语。句意为“无论你要什么，我都会高兴地给你，只要我有”。15（2018年合肥三模）It was not what he said but_he said it that hurt my feelings.Athat BwhatChow Dwhether这是一个强调句，强调的是主语，he said it基本句意完整，所以用表示方式的how来引导。