初中英语语法8种时态详解与练习Word格式文档下载.docx

1、用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。例句：I go to school at 6 every morning. 每天早上我七点去上学。Summer follows spring. 春天之后是夏天。I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school. 我在小学就学过地球是围绕太阳转的。Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。四、基本用法：1） 描述当前时间内经常出现、反复发生的动作或存在的状态。在这种情景中，句子常带有表示频率的时间状语：al

2、ways , everyday , often , once a week （month , year , etc.） , sometimes , seldom , usually等等，以表示句中的动作或状态是习惯性的、经常性的。例如：They raise ducks as a sideline .他们以养鸭为副业。She doesnt often write to her family, only once a month. 她不常给家里写信，仅一月一封而已。I cycle to work every day .我每天骑自行车上班。It seldom rains here .这儿很少下雨。2

3、）仅为了描述状态、性质、特征、能力等等。这里的目的是为了描述现阶段的动作或状态，其重点不是强调动作发生的时间、或进行的状态。He can speak five foreign languages .他能说五种外语。That is a beautiful city .那是座美丽的城市。Changjiang River is one of the longest rivers in the world. 长江是世界上最长河流之一。She majors in music .她主修音乐。All my family love football .我全家人都喜欢足球。（强调每个家人）My sister i

4、s always ready to help others . 我妹妹总是乐于助人。3） 陈述客观事实、客观真理。顾名思义，客观的情况是没有时间概念的；也不会在意动作进行的状态The earth goes around the sun .地球绕着太阳转。Ten minus two is eight.十减二等于八。Light travels faster than sound .光的速度比声音的速度快。The United States lies by the west coast of the Pacific Ocean. 美国位于太平洋西岸。4） 根据英文语法规定，当主句的谓语动词是一般将来

5、时，那么时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。Ill tell him the news when he comes back. 他回来时，我将告诉他这个消息。If you take the job , they will talk with you in greater details.如果你接受这份工作，他们将和你谈谈细节。用于一般现在时的副词，除了上面提到的一些表示频率的词以外，常见的还有：now, today , nowadays等等。练习题：用动词的适当形式填空：1.Why_Tom absent today ? （ be ） 2.Mike_（go）to

6、school at seven in the morning.3.My mother_（like） _（go） shopping. 4.I can _（draw） many beautiful pictures. 5.Does he_（like）_（jump） ? 6.The students_（speak） English in class. 7.The student_（speak） Chinese after class. 8. Lets_and play football . （ go ） 9. He_ like swimming . （ not ） 10. _your sister

7、study English at school ? No , she_ . （ do ） 用所给动词的适当形式填空：1I _（write） to you as soon as I _（get） to London. 2. He doesnt feel well and _（not eat） any food this morning. 3. He _ not _（see） me come in, for he _（read） something with great interest. 4. Dont make a niose. Grandpa _（sleep）. 5. It _（take）

8、me two hours to finish my homework last night. 6. What _ your mother _（do） at eight yesterday evening? She _（wash） clothes. 7. _ it _ （rain） when school was over yesterday?8 The teacher told us the earth _ （move） round the sun. 单项选择：1.The students will go to the Summer Palace if it _ tomorrow. A.don

9、t rain B. doesnt rain C. wont rain 3. The picture _ nice. A.looks B.is looked C.look D.is looking 4. She _ down and soon fell asleep. A. live B. lain C. laid D. lay 6. We shall go to Shanghai on business before you _ back next week. A. wil come B. came C. would come D. come 7. Dont smoke until the p

10、lane _ off. A.takes B.took C.was taken D.is take 8. I saw her _ the room this morning. A.to enter B. entered C. enter D. enters 11. He told us _ at eight. A. working B. to work C. work D. worked 12. Youd better _ at home and _ your homework. A. to stay, do B. stay, do C. to stay, to do D. stay, to d

11、o 14. Uncle Wang knows _ a washing machine. A. how to make B. to make C. how making D. what to make 15. Jim decided _ Polly to Ling Feng when he was back to England. A. to leave B. left C. leaving D. leave4）改句子 1. We have four lessons.（否定句）2.I have many books. （改为否定句） 3.Gao Shans sister likes playin

12、g table tennis （改为否定句）4.She lives in a small town near New York. （改为一般疑问句） 5.I watch TV every day. （改为一般疑问句） 6.David has got a goal. （改为一般疑问句）7.We have four lessons.（否定句）8.Tom does his homework at home. 否定句: 一般疑问句: 划线提问9.I usually play football on Friday afternoon. 否定句:（二）一般过去时过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、

13、经常性的动作、行为。ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week（year, night, month）, in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc. 三、基本结构： be动词的过去式（was/were）； 行为动词的过去式（即在动词原形后加ed，不规则变化的动词除外）was/were+not;在行为动词前加didnwas或were放于句首；用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。一般过去时用谓语动词的过

14、去式构成，即在动词原形后加ed，不规则变化的特殊动词除外。He was here just now. 他刚才还在这里。What did you do yesterday? 你昨天做了什么事？We often played together when we were children. 我们小时候常在一起玩。He used to smoke a lot, but he doesnt now. 他过去经常抽烟，但现在不抽了。四、基本用法 主要是用来描述在过去某个时候发生的动作或存在的状态。它也可以用来表示在过去某段时间里经常发生的习惯性动作。这一点在表达意义上与一般现在时相同，只是所在的时间区域不

15、同而已。由于它的主要作用如此，所以在使用一般过去时的句子里常常有一个意义较具体的过去时间状语。这也是它与现在完成时的最大区别之一。常和一般过去时连用的过去时间状语有：last night （week ,month , year , century , etc.） , yesterday , the day before yesterday , yesterday morning （ afternoon , evening ） , in 1999 , two hours ago （ one week ago , tree years ago , ）等等。使用一般过去时，在某种意义上说就是要强调动

16、作或状态发生或存在于过去的某个时候。过去的时间概念有两层意思：一是指现在某个时间以前的时间；二是指说话、写文章的那个时间点以前的时间，在这个意义上，现在的那个时间点是很小很小的，甚至于小到无法量化的程度。He got his driving license last month. 他上个月拿到了驾照。-Wheres Jim? 吉姆在哪里？-He just went out.他刚刚出去。练习:写出下列动词的过去式is/am_ fly_ plant_ are _ drink_play_ go_ make _ do/does_ worry_ eat_ draw_put _ throw_ pass_

17、用be动词的适当形式填空1. The little dog _ two years old this year.2. She _ happy yesterday.3. They _ glad to see each other last month.4. Today _ the second of June. Yesterday _ the first of June. It _ Childrens Day. All the students _ very excited.句型变换：1 There was a car in front of the house just now.否定句：_一般

18、疑问句：肯定回答：否定回答：2 They played football in the playground.否定回答：1. I _ （watch） a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father _ （read） a newspaper last night.3. It _ （be） the 2nd of November yesterday. Mr White _ （go） to his office by car.4. _ you _ （visit） your relatives last Spring Festival?5. Gao Shan _ （put） t

19、he book on his head a moment ago.6. Dont _ the house. Mum _ it yesterday. （clean）7. What _ she _ （find） in the garden last morning?She _ （find） a beautiful butterfly.8. What _ you _ just now? I _ some housework. （do）9 We all _ （have） a good time last night.10. She likes _ newspapers, but she _ a boo

20、k yesterday. （read）11. He _ football now, but they _ basketball just now. （play）句型转换：1、Lucy did her homework at home.（改否定句）Lucy _ _ her homework at home.2、He found some meat in the fridge（冰箱）.（变一般疑问句）_ he _ _ meat in the fridge?3、She stayed there for a week.（对划线部分提问）_ _ _ she _ there?4、There was som

21、e orange in the cup.（变一般疑问句）_ there _ orange in the cup?中译英：1. 我过了一个忙碌但却刺激的周末。I _ _ _ _ exciting weekend.2 Jenny喜欢看书。昨晚她看了一本英语书。Jenny likes _ _. She _ an English book last night.3. Emma每天都看电视。可是昨天他没有看。Emma _ TV every day. But he _ _ yesterday. 4. 上周六他们做什么了？他们做作业和购物了。What _ they _ _ Saturday?They _ _

22、 homework and _ _.（三）一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。二、时间状语：tomorrow, next day（week, month, year）,soon, in a few minutes, by,the day after tomorrow, 等。 am/is/are/going to + do；will/shall + do. was/were + not; 在行为动词前加didnbe放于句首；will/shall提到句首。 如： Telephone me this evening. Ill be at home. 今晚给我打电话，我会

23、在家。Ill （shall/will） do a better job next time. 下次我要干得好些。The car wont start. 车开不了啦。Oil and water will not mix. 油和水没法混在一起。主要用来描述将要发生的动作或存在于未来的情况。这里所说的“将来时间”是指“说话、写文章那一刻以后的时间”。它的表示方法主要有如下几种：1）shall / will + 动词原形这种表示方法是说，动作在现在或目前还未发生，要在将来的某个时间内发生；它没有主观性，是“纯粹的将来动作”。I shall / will not be free tomorrow .我明

24、天没空。He will arrive here this evening .他今晚抵达这里。2） be（ am / is / are ） + going +不定式这种表示方法主要是说明 A）“说话人的意图、打算”；B）“某种可能性”。A） He is going to spend his holidays in London . 他打算在伦敦度假。Who is going to speak first? 谁先发言？B） It is going to rain soon .马上要下雨了。Is he going to collect any data for us? 他会帮我们收集资料吗？If you go to New Zealand, you are going to like the place. 如果你去新西兰，你会喜欢上那个地方的。3） be（ am / is / are ） + 不定式表示方法描述两钟情况：按计划安排要发生的动作，这个动作发生的时间一般不会很远； 要求或命令他人做某事。A） The new bridge is to open to traffic in three days. 新桥三天后通车。The factory is to go into production before