c#上位机串口通信助手源代码详解.docx

1、c#上位机串口通信助手源代码详解c#上位机串口通信助手源代码实例详解一、 功能1软件打开时，自动检测有效COM端口2 软件打开时，自动复原到上次关闭时的状态3 不必关闭串口，即可直接进行更改初始化设置内容（串口号、波特率、数据位、停止位、校验位），可按更改后的信息自动将串口重新打开4 可统计接收字节和发送字节的个数5 接收数据可按16进制数据和非16进制数据进行整体转换6 可将接收到数据进行保存7 可设置自动发送，发送时间可进行实时更改8可按字符串、16进制字节、文件方式进行发送，字符串和16进制字节可分别进行存储，内容互不干扰9 按16进制发送时，可自动校验格式，不会输错10 可清空发送或接

2、收区域的数据二、 使用工具Visual Studio2015三、 程序详解1 界面创建图1用winform创建如图1所示界面，控件名字分别为：端口号：cbxCOMPort 波特率：cbxBaudRate数据位：cbxDataBits 停止位：cbxStopBits校验位：label5 打开串口按钮：btnOpenCom发送（byte）：tbSendCount 接收（byte）：tbReceivedCount清空计数按钮：btnClearCount 按16进制显示：cb16Display接收区清空内容按钮：btnClearReceived 保存数据按钮：btnSaveFile接收数据框：tbRe

3、ceivedData 发送数据框：tbSendData自动发送：cbAutomaticSend 间隔时间：tbSpaceTime按16进制发送：cb16Send 发送区清空内容按钮：btnClearSend读入文件按钮：btnReadFile 发送按钮：btnSend2 创建一个方法类按Ctrl+shift+A快捷键创建一个类，名字叫Methods，代码为：using System;using System.Collections;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.IO.Ports;using System.Linq;using Sys

4、tem.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks;namespace 串口助手sdd class Methods /获取有效的COM口 public static string ActivePorts() ArrayList activePorts = new ArrayList(); foreach (string pname in SerialPort.GetPortNames() activePorts.Add(Convert.ToInt32(pname.Substring(3); activePorts.Sort(); string mystr = new s

5、tringactivePorts.Count; int i = 0; foreach (int num in activePorts) mystri+ = COM + num.ToString(); return mystr; /16进制字符串转换为byte字符数组 public static Byte _16strToHex(string strValues) string hexValuesSplit = strValues.Split( ); Byte hexValues = new BytehexValuesSplit.Length; Console.WriteLine(hexValu

6、esSplit.Length); for (int i = 0; i hexValuesSplit.Length; i+) hexValuesi = Convert.ToByte(hexValuesSpliti, 16); return hexValues; /byte数组以16进制形式转字符串 public static string ByteTo16Str(byte bytes) string recData = null;/创建接收数据的字符串 foreach (byte outByte in bytes)/将字节数组以16进制形式遍历到一个字符串内 recData += outByte

7、.ToString(X2) + ; return recData; /16进制字符串转换字符串 public static string _16strToStr(string _16str) string outStr = null; byte streamByte = _16strToHex(_16str); outStr = Encoding.Default.GetString(streamByte); return outStr; 2 Form1.cs的代码为：using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Compo

8、nentModel;using System.Data;using System.Drawing;using System.IO.Ports;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Text.RegularExpressions;using System.Threading.Tasks;using System.Windows.Forms;using System.IO;using System.Collections;namespace 串口助手sdd public partial class Form1 : Form /声明变量 S

9、erialPort sp = new SerialPort(); bool isSetProperty = false;/串口属性设置标志位 private enum PortState/声明接口显示状态，枚举型 打开, 关闭 string path = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + confing.ini;/声明配置文件路径 string tbSendDataStr = ;/发送窗口字符串存储 string tbSendData16 = ;/发送窗口16进制存储 List receivedDatas = new List();/接收数据泛型数

10、组 /接收串口数据 private void sp_DataReceived(object sender, SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e) byte ReceivedData = new bytesp.BytesToRead;/创建接收字节数组 sp.Read(ReceivedData, 0, ReceivedData.Length);/读取所接收到的数据 receivedDatas.AddRange(ReceivedData); tbReceivedCount.Text = (Convert.ToInt32(tbReceivedCount.Text) + Rec

11、eivedData.Length).ToString(); if (cb16Display.Checked) tbReceivedData.Text = Methods.ByteTo16Str(receivedDatas.ToArray(); else tbReceivedData.Text = Encoding.Default.GetString(receivedDatas.ToArray(); sp.DiscardInBuffer();/丢弃接收缓冲区数据 /发送串口数据 private void DataSend() try if (cb16Send.Checked) byte hexB

12、ytes = Methods._16strToHex(tbSendData16); sp.Write(hexBytes, 0, hexBytes.Length); tbSendCount.Text = (Convert.ToInt32(tbSendCount.Text) + hexBytes.Length).ToString(); else sp.WriteLine(tbSendDataStr); tbSendCount.Text = (Convert.ToInt32(tbSendCount.Text) + tbSendDataStr.Length).ToString(); catch (Ex

13、ception ex) MessageBox.Show(ex.Message.ToString(); return; /设置串口属性 private void SetPortProperty() sp.PortName = cbxCOMPort.Text.Trim();/设置串口名 sp.BaudRate = Convert.ToInt32(cbxBaudRate.Text.Trim();/设置波特率 switch (cbxStopBits.Text.Trim()/设置停止位 case 1: sp.StopBits = StopBits.One; break; case 1.5: sp.Sto

14、pBits = StopBits.OnePointFive; break; case 2: sp.StopBits = StopBits.Two; break; default: sp.StopBits = StopBits.None; break; sp.DataBits = Convert.ToInt32(cbxDataBits.Text.Trim();/设置数据位 switch (cbxParity.Text.Trim()/设置奇偶校验位 case 无: sp.Parity = Parity.None; break; case 奇校验: sp.Parity = Parity.Odd; b

15、reak; case 偶校验: sp.Parity = Parity.Even; break; default: sp.Parity = Parity.None; break; sp.ReadTimeout = 5000;/设置超时时间为5s Control.CheckForIllegalCrossThreadCalls = false;/这个类中我们不检查跨线程的调用是否合法(因为.net 2.0以后加强了安全机制,，不允许在winform中直接跨线程访问控件的属性) /定义DataReceived事件的委托，当串口收到数据后出发事件 sp.DataReceived += new Seria

16、lDataReceivedEventHandler(sp_DataReceived); /设置端口显示状态 private void DisplayPortState(PortState portState) toolStripStatusLabel1.Text = cbxCOMPort.Text + 端口 处于 + portState + 状态 + cbxBaudRate.Text + + cbxDataBits.Text + + cbxStopBits.Text + + cbxParity.Text; /重新打开串口 private void AgainOpenPort() if (sp.

17、IsOpen) try sp.Close(); SetPortProperty(); isSetProperty = true; sp.Open(); catch (Exception) isSetProperty = false; btnOpenCom.Text = 打开串口; DisplayPortState(PortState.关闭); MessageBox.Show(串口无效或已被占用!, 错误提示); return; DisplayPortState(PortState.打开); else DisplayPortState(PortState.关闭); public Form1()

18、InitializeComponent(); /软件启动时加载事件 private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) #region 加载配置文件 Hashtable ht = new Hashtable(); if (File.Exists(path) try string myline = ; string str = new string2; using (StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(path) myline = sr.ReadLine(); while (myline != null) st

19、r = myline.Split(=); ht.Add(str0, str1); myline = sr.ReadLine(); catch(Exception ex) MessageBox.Show(ex.Message.ToString(); #endregion #region 设置窗口为固定大小且不可最大化 this.MaximumSize = this.Size; this.MinimumSize = this.Size; this.MaximizeBox = false; #endregion #region 列出常用的波特率 cbxBaudRate.Items.Add(1200)

20、; cbxBaudRate.Items.Add(2400); cbxBaudRate.Items.Add(4800); cbxBaudRate.Items.Add(9600); cbxBaudRate.Items.Add(19200); cbxBaudRate.Items.Add(38400); cbxBaudRate.Items.Add(43000); cbxBaudRate.Items.Add(56000); cbxBaudRate.Items.Add(57600); cbxBaudRate.Items.Add(115200); if (ht.ContainsKey(cbxBaudRate

21、) cbxBaudRate.SelectedIndex = cbxBaudRate.Items.IndexOf(htcbxBaudRate.ToString(); else cbxBaudRate.SelectedIndex = 3; cbxBaudRate.DropDownStyle = ComboBoxStyle.DropDownList; #endregion #region 列出停止位 cbxStopBits.Items.Add(1); cbxStopBits.Items.Add(1.5); cbxStopBits.Items.Add(2); if (ht.ContainsKey(cb

22、xStopBits) cbxStopBits.SelectedIndex = cbxStopBits.Items.IndexOf(htcbxStopBits.ToString(); else cbxStopBits.SelectedIndex = 0; cbxStopBits.DropDownStyle = ComboBoxStyle.DropDownList; #endregion #region 列出数据位 cbxDataBits.Items.Add(8); cbxDataBits.Items.Add(7); cbxDataBits.Items.Add(6); cbxDataBits.It

23、ems.Add(5); if (ht.ContainsKey(cbxDataBits) cbxDataBits.SelectedIndex = cbxDataBits.Items.IndexOf(htcbxDataBits.ToString(); else cbxDataBits.SelectedIndex = 0; cbxDataBits.DropDownStyle = ComboBoxStyle.DropDownList; #endregion #region 列出奇偶校验位 cbxParity.Items.Add(无); cbxParity.Items.Add(奇校验); cbxPari

24、ty.Items.Add(偶校验); if (ht.ContainsKey(cbxParity) cbxParity.SelectedIndex = cbxParity.Items.IndexOf(htcbxParity.ToString(); else cbxParity.SelectedIndex = 0; cbxParity.DropDownStyle = ComboBoxStyle.DropDownList; #endregion #region COM口重新加载 cbxCOMPort.Items.Clear();/清除当前串口号中的所有串口名称 cbxCOMPort.Items.Ad

25、dRange(Methods.ActivePorts(); if (ht.ContainsKey(cbxCOMPort) & cbxCOMPort.Items.Contains(htcbxCOMPort.ToString() cbxCOMPort.SelectedIndex = cbxCOMPort.Items.IndexOf(htcbxCOMPort.ToString(); else cbxCOMPort.SelectedIndex = 0; cbxCOMPort.DropDownStyle = ComboBoxStyle.DropDownList; #endregion #region 初

26、始化计数器 tbSendCount.Text = 0; tbSendCount.ReadOnly = true; tbReceivedCount.Text = 0; tbReceivedCount.ReadOnly = true; #endregion #region 初始化当前时间 toolStripStatusLabel3.Text = DateTime.Now.ToString(); #endregion #region 初始化串口状态 toolStripStatusLabel1.ForeColor = Color.Blue; if (!isSetProperty)/串口未设置则设置串口

27、属性 SetPortProperty(); isSetProperty = true; try sp.Open(); btnOpenCom.Text = 关闭串口; DisplayPortState(PortState.打开); catch (Exception) /串口打开失败后，串口属性设置标志位设为false isSetProperty = false; MessageBox.Show(串口无效或已被占用!, 错误提示); #endregion #region 初始化间隔时间 if (ht.ContainsKey(tbSpaceTime) tbSpaceTime.Text = httbS

28、paceTime.ToString(); else tbSpaceTime.Text = 1000; #endregion #region 初始化按16进制显示状态 if (ht.ContainsKey(cb16Display) & htcb16Display.ToString() = True) cb16Display.Checked = true; else cb16Display.Checked = false; #endregion #region 初始化按16进制发送状态 if (ht.ContainsKey(cb16Send) & htcb16Send.ToString() = T

29、rue) cb16Send.Checked = true; else cb16Send.Checked = false; #endregion #region 初始化发送区文本 if(ht.ContainsKey(tbSendData16) & ht.ContainsKey(tbSendDataStr) tbSendData16 = httbSendData16.ToString(); tbSendDataStr = httbSendDataStr.ToString(); if (cb16Send.Checked) tbSendData.Text = httbSendData16.ToString(); else tbSendData.Text = httbSendDataStr.ToString(); #endregion tbSendData.Focus(); /显