典型高考英语陷阱题详解.docx

1、典型高考英语陷阱题详解典型高考英语陷阱题详解定语从句 不管是什么样的考试，出题人总会在题目中设置一些陷阱，等着我们这些考生跳进去，高考当然也不例外。本文主要是讲在定语从句方面出题人喜欢设置的陷阱，which/that/what/whose.究竟该选哪个，可别搞糊涂咯。 1. The factory was built in a secret place, around _ high mountains.A. which was B. it was C. which were D. them were【陷阱】容易误选A或B，将A、B中的 which 和 it 误认为是其后句子的主语。【分析】最佳

2、答案是C，around which were high mountains 是一个由介词+which引出的非限制性定语从句，而在该从句中，主语是 high mountains，around which 是表语，所以句子谓语应用复数were，而不是用单数 was.请做以下类例题目（答案均为C）：（1） Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _ some fruit shops.A. which is B. it is C. which are D. them are（2） The murder happened in an old buil

3、ding, beside _ the city police station.A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are（3） Next month well move to a new building, next to _ a nice restaurant where we can have Chinese food.A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are2. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, Is there a hospi

4、tal around _ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?A. that B. which C. where D. what【陷阱】容易误选 B，认为 around 是介词，选 which 用以代替前面的名词 hospital，在此用作介词 around 的宾语。【分析】最佳答案为C。以上语法分析并不算错，但问题是，照此分析，此句的意思即为：有没有这样一个医院，我在它的附近可以买药治我的手伤？这样的语境显然有点不合情理，因为人们通常是在医院里面治伤，而不是在医院附近治伤。此题选 C 的理由是：句中的 around 不是介词，而是副词，意为

5、在附近；其后的 where 引导定语从句用以修饰其前的地点名词 hospital，句意为：附近有没有一家医院，我可以去治我的手伤？3. _ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.A. It B. As C. That D. What【陷阱】容易误选 A，认为此处应填一个形式主语。【分析】最佳答案是 B。as 引导的是一个非限制性定语从句。比较下面一题：_ is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once ev

6、ery month.A. It B. As C. That D. What此题答案选 A，it 为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的 that 从句。再比较下面一组题，其中第（1）题选 B，第（2）题选 D：（1） _ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior school is increasing.A. Which B. As C. That D. It（2） _ is mentioned above that the number of the students in senior school is increasing

7、.A. Which B. As C. That D. It4. David is such a good boy _ all the teachers like.A. that B. who C. as D. whom【陷阱】此题容易误选A，许多同学一看到题干中的such，再联系到选项中的 that，便认为这是考查such . that .句式。况且，这样理解意思也还通顺。【分析】最佳答案为C，不是A，因为在such . that . （如此.以至.）结构中，that 引导的是结果状语从句，并且 that 在从句中不充当句子成分，若在上句填入 such . that .，句末的动词 like

8、缺宾语。选C的理由如下：as 用作关系代词，用以引导定语从句，修饰其前的名词 boy，同时 as 在定语从句中用作动词 like 的宾语，句意为所有老师都喜欢的一位好男孩。有的同学可能还会问，假若选A，能否将其后的 that 视为引导定语从句的关系代词呢？不能，因为当先行词受到 such 的修饰时，其后的定语从句应用关系代词 as 来引导，而不用that.比较下面一题，答案为A，因为 like 后有自己的宾语 him：David is such a good boy _ all the teachers like him.A. that B. who C. as D. whom请再做以下试题（

9、答案选D）：It was not such a good dinner _ she had promised us.A. like B. that C. which D. as5. The buses, most of _ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.A. that B. it C. them D. which【陷阱】容易误选 C，用 them 代指 the buses.【分析】最佳答案是D。most of which were already full 为非限制性定语从句，修饰 the buses.类似地，以下各题

10、也选D：（1） His house, for _ he paid $10, 000, is now worth $50, 000.A. that B. it C. them D. which（2） Ashdown forest, through _ well be driving, isnt a forest any longer.A. that B. it C. them D. which（3） This I did at nine oclock, after _ I sat reading the paper.A. that B. it C. them D. which类似地，以下各题选

11、whom，不选 them：（4） George, with _ I played tennis on Sundays, was a warm-hearted person.A. that B. him C. them D. whom（5） Her sons, both of _ work abroad, will come back home this summer.A. that B. who C. them D. whom（6） I met the fruit-pickers, several of _ were still university students.A. that B. w

12、ho C. them D. whom6. He had thousands of students, many of _ gained great success in their own field.A. whom B. them C. which D. who【陷阱】容易误选 B，用 them 代指 students.【分析】最佳答案是A，many of whom gained great success in their own field 为非限制性定语从句。假若在many of. 的前面加上连词and，则选答案B。比较以下各题（答案均选A）：（1） He asked a lot of

13、 questions, none of _ was easy to answer.A. which B. them C. what D. that（2） He asked a lot of questions, and none of _ was easy to answer.A. them B. which C. what D. that（3） He told me that he had two girl-friends, neither of _ knew anything about the other.A. whom B. them C. which D. who（4） He tol

14、d me that he had two girl-friends, and neither of _ knew anything about the other.A. them B. whom C. which D. who7. He had a lot of friends, only a few of _ invited to his wedding.A. whom B. them C. which D. who【陷阱】容易误选 A，认为这是非限制性定语从句。【分析】最佳答案是B，这不是非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，因为空格后的动词 invited 并不是一个完整的谓语，而是一

15、个过去分词。当然，假若在 invited 前加上助动词 were，则是一个非限制性定语从句，答案便应选A.比较：（1） They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _ carried out in their work.A. which B. them C. what D. that答案选B，none of them carried out in their work 是独立主格结构，其中的 carried out 为过去分词。（2） They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting

16、, none of _ were carried out in their work.A. which B. them C. what D. that答案选A，none of them were carried out in their work 是非限制性定语从句，注意与上例比较句中多了一个助动词were.（3） They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, but none of _ were carried out in their work.A. which B. them C. what D. that答案选B，由于两句之间增加了一个

17、并列连词but，使得该句成了一个并列句。8. On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents seated together joking.A. their B. whose C. which D. that【陷阱】容易误选B，认为这是非限制性定语从句。【分析】最佳答案是A.与上面一题相似，their parents seated together joking 不是非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，因为空格后的动词 seated 不是谓语，而是一个过去分词，因为 seat 作动词用时，是及物动

18、词。比较以下相似题：（1） On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents were seated together joking.A. their B. whose C. which D. that选B.whose parents were seated together joking 为非限制性定语从句，因为其后有完整的谓语 were seated.（2） On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, and _ pare

19、nts were seated together joking.A. their B. whose C. which D. that选A.因为句中有并列连词and，整个句子为并列句。（3） On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents sitting together joking.A. their B. whose C. which D. that选A.their parents sitting together joking 为独立主格结构。（4） On Sundays there were a

20、 lot of children playing in the park, _ parents sat together joking.A. their B. whose C. which D. that选B.whose parents sat together joking 为非限制性定语从句，因为句中有完整的谓语 sat.（5） On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents were sitting together joking.A. their B. whose C. which D. th

21、at选B.whose parents were sitting together joking 为非限制性定语从句，因为句中有完整的谓语 were sitting.9. If the man is only interested in your looks, _ just shows how shallow he is.A. as B. which C. what D. that【陷阱】容易误选A或B，误这是非限制性定语从句。【分析】正确答案为D，注意逗号前是一个条件状语从句，逗号后是该状语从句的主句，that 在此代表前文所述的情况，用作主句的主语。类似地，下面几道题也选 that，而不选

22、which：（1） If you promise to go with us, _ will be OK.A. as B. which C. and it D. that（2） If you want a double room, _ will cost another 15.A. as B. which C. what D. that（3） Whether you go or not, _ is quite all right with me.A. that B. which C. and it D. so（4） When I say two hours, _ includes time f

23、or eating.A. as B. which C. what D. that10. She says that shell never forget the time _ shes spent working as a secretary in our company.A. which B. when C. how D. where【陷阱】容易误选B，机械地认为时间名词后必须用关系副词when，地点名词后用关系副词 where.【分析】正确答案为A.在时间名词和地点名词后是否用关系副词要看它在定语从句中充当什么句子成分。一般说来，若用作主语或宾语，用关系代词；若用作状语，则用关系副词。上面

24、一题中的动词 spent 缺宾语，故应用关系代词 which或that.比较下面一题，由于空格后的句子不缺少主语或宾语，所以选关系副词when：She says that shell never forget the time _ she works as a secretary in our company.A. which B. when C. how D. where请再做一组试题（答案均选A）：（1） Our company will move to a tall building _ we bought last month.A. which B. when C. how D. wh

25、ere选A，which 在定语从句中用作动词 bought 的宾语。（2） Our company will move to a tall building _ has just been complete.A. which B. when C. how D. where选A，which 在定语从句中用作主语。（3） Our company will move to a tall building _ we worked two years ago.A. where B. when C. that D. which选A，where 在定语从句中用作状语。2009年联考题1.(09北京市东城区高

26、三二模)A lovely day, isnt it?Yes. I love _ when the weather is like this. Why not have our lunch outside?Athis Bit Cone Dthat答案 B2.(09北京市海淀区高三二模)Can I ask you a few straightforward questions about yourself？No problemI like _ when people are open and directAthat Bthis Cit Dthem答案 C3.(09北京市西城区高三二模)He see

27、med quite satisfied with the price we offered.Yes. Money is _ to him. He cares more about the quality.Asomething Banything Cnothing Deverything答案 C4.(09山东省聊城市高三二模)All the tickets have been sold out. _ is left.A. No one B. Nothing C. None D. Not anyone答案 C5.(09山东省临沂市高三二模)Boldts breaking the world rec

28、ord of 100-meter race was an exciting moment, _ all of us will never forget.A. one B. that C. when D. what答案 A6.(09天津市河西区第二学期高三年级总复习质量调查)The number of registered participants in this yeard marathon was half _Aof last years Bthose of last yearsCthat of last years Dof those of last year答案 C7. (09天津市河西

29、区第二学期高三年级总复习质量调查)一Which of those English-Chinese dictionaries do you like most?一 _ They are both expensive and of little useANone BNeither CAll DBoth答案 A8.(09天津市红桥区高三英语二模)The weather in summer in Tianjin is hotter than _ in ShenyangAit Bthis Cthat Done答案 C9.(09天津市南开区高三年级质量调查（二）)Toys of the children

30、today hardly bear any resemblance to _ of _ when we were little kids.A. that; ours B. those; us C. that; us D. those; ours答案 D10. (09天津市南开区高三年级质量调查（二）)Think about what you really care about, and set goals to accomplish _ matters to you.A. that B. which C. what D. when答案 C11.(09江西省临川一中高三下学期期中考试)Did you have any trouble with the customs officer?_ to speak of.A. No B. Nothing C. None D. Neither答案 C12.(09辽宁省沈阳二中高三二模)Under such circumstances, what will you do?Im not a quitterMe _Atoo Bneither Ceither Dalso答案 B