高考英语一轮复习 第一编 教材回眸 Unit 1 A land of diversity讲义 新人教版选修8.docx

1、高考英语一轮复习 第一编 教材回眸 Unit 1 A land of diversity讲义 新人教版选修8Unit 1 A land of diversity 【题目优选】假设你是李华，你生活的城市肥城是国家级园林城市。为扩大知名度，你打算在互联网上对其进行宣传。请根据所提供的信息用英语写一篇短文介绍自己的家乡。概况1.地处泰山脚下，占地约1,277平方千米，人口约100万；2历史悠久，矿产资源丰富；3环境优美，公园众多(如范蠡公园、白云山公园等)；4经济发展迅速，人民生活幸福，竞争力不断提高。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：国家级园林城市nationa

2、l garden city【经典范文】Located at the foot of Mount Tai, our city Feicheng covers an area of 1,277 square kilometers or so and about one million people are living in it. With a long history, itis rich in mineral resources. Whats more, being a national garden city, it is very beautiful. For example, ther

3、e are many attractive parks in our city, such as Fanli Park and the Park of Baiyun Mountain. In the free time, especially during the holidays, a lot of citizens as well as tourists often travel there to relax and enjoy themselves. Much to our delight, with the fast development of economy, not only a

4、re people living a happy life, but its competitive power is also much stronger than before.I am convinced that our city will become a more and more beautiful place to live.【名师点拨】文章运用了多样化的短语及句式结构。如：cover an area of . (占地)；whats more (而且，除外)；much to our delight(令我们非常高兴的是)；live a . life(过着的生活)以及分词作状语：l

5、ocated at the foot of .; not only . but also . (不但而且)句式和固定句型I am convinced that . 等。1核心单词(1)means (n.) 手段；方法meaning (n.) 意思mean (vt.) 意味着；打算meaningful (adj.) 有意义的(2)majority (n.) 大多数；大半major (adj.) 主要的(vi.) 主修minority (n.) 少数；少数民族minor (adj.) 较小的；次要的(3)elect (vt.) 选择；决定做某事；选举某人election (n.) 选举(4)boo

6、m (n.) (人口、贸易的)繁荣 (vi.) 处于经济迅速发展时期(5)occur (vi.) 发生；出现occurred (过去式/过去分词)occurence (n.) 事件；发生的事(6)indicate (vt.) 指出；标示；表明；暗示indication (n.) 迹象；标示(7)slip (vi.) 滑动；滑行；滑跤 (n.) 滑动；滑倒slipper (n.) 拖鞋slippery (adj.) 滑的(8)hire (vt.& n) 租用；雇用fire (vt.) 解雇(9)nowhere (adv.) 无处；到处都无(10)reform (vt.& vi.) 改革；革新 (

7、n.) 改革；改造；改良2阅读单词(1)distinct (adj.) 清晰的；明显的；明确的 (2)percentage (n.) 百分比；百分率 (3)racial (adj.) 人种的；种族的 (4)crossing (n.) 横渡；横越；十字路口；人行横道 (5)applicant (n.) 申请人 (6)customs (n.) 海关；关税；进口税 (7)luggage (n.) 行李 (8)punishment (n.) 处罚；惩罚 (9)grasp (vt.& n) 抓住；抓紧；掌握；领会 (10)thankful (adj.) 感激的；感谢的 【即景活用】用括号内所给单词的适当

8、形式填空1Besides, I have such a good command of English that I _ (elect) as assistant to my English teacher.答案：am elected2Jack was working in the lab when the power cut _ (occur)答案：occurred3I couldnt understand the words _ (mean)答案：meaning4All the _ (apply) should fill in the form first.答案：applicants5On

9、e of the _ (majority) problems is that they cant raise enough money.答案：major6Walk along the street and turn left at the first _ (cross)答案：crossing7The _ (customs) of lighting the Olympic flame goes back centuries.答案：custom8Did he give you any _ (indicate) of his feelings?答案：indication9The people the

10、re suffered many _ (hard) during that long winter.答案：hardships10The road is _ (slip) and youd better slow down.答案：slippery联想积累1与“雇用、辞退”有关的词汇全接触hire n& vt.雇用employ vt.雇用fire vt.解雇dismiss vt.解雇lay off 解雇；下岗turn away 解雇take on雇用2单复数意义不同的名词小结custom(风俗)customs(海关)manner(方式)manners(礼貌)paper(纸)papers(文件)ar

11、t(艺术)arts(文科)arm(手臂)arms(武器)brain(脑袋)brains(脑力)work(工作)works(作品)short(短的)shorts(短裤)compass(指南针)compasses(圆规)1live_on 继续存在；继续生存2by means of . 用方法；借助3make_a_life 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等4keep_up 坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等)5back_to_back 背靠背6team up with 与合作或一起工作 7mark out 用线画出范围；标出界线 8take in 包括；吸收 9a great/good many 许多；很多

12、10apply for 申请；请示得到 【即景活用】用所给短语的适当形式填空keep up， apply for， mark out， a great/good many， make a life， team up with1In the coming three years, our school life will be challenging and you will try to _ for yourself.答案：make a life2_ houses were knocked down by the earthquake.答案：A great/good many3When you

13、 are reading an article, youd better _ the key words and topic sentences.答案：mark out4Im writing to _ the position as a student volunteer.答案：apply for5You can _ one other class member if you cant finish it on time.答案：team up with6In some rural places of China, some people still _ their traditional li

14、festyle.答案：keep up联想积累1“动词out”短语再记mark out 用线画出范围；标出界线bring out 阐释；说明；出版carry out 完成；实施计划come out 出现；传出；出版；开花help out 帮助克服困难give out 用尽；分发；发出(光、热等)turn out 证明是；结果是work out 计算出；拟定出；解决run out 用完set out 启程；出发cut out 删去2“动词in”短语荟萃take in 包括；吸收；欺骗break in 闯入give in 屈服；让步；投降turn in 上交arrive in 到达(较大地方)con

15、sist in 在于；存在于join in 参加result in 导致1The nearest, and therefore the first to arrive, were South Americans and people from the United States.距离最近因而来得最早的是南美人和美国人。2It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, b

16、ut simply a mixture of many races and cultures.人们认为，要不了多久，多种国籍的混合将会非常之大，以至于不可能存在一种明显主要的种族或文化群体，而只是多种族、多文化的混合体。【句式仿写】1In my family, my mother is always the first one _ (起床)答案：to get up2_ (人们相信) we shall make full use of the suns energy some day.答案：It is believed that联想积累1不定式作定语的特殊用法不定式to arrive在句中作定语

17、修饰the first, 这是不定式作定语的一类特殊用法。即当名词或代词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰或本身就是序数词或形容词最高级时，其后置定语由动词不定式来充当。2that引导的名词性从句It is believed that . 中it为形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的从句。注意：(1)that引导主语从句，无意义，但不可省略。(2)that从句作主语时，常用it作形式主语，常见的句型有：Itbe形容词(obvious, true, natural, surprising, wonderful, funny, possible, certain, etc.) that从句。Itbe名词

18、词组(no wonder, an honor, a pity, no surprise, etc.)that从句。Itbe过去分词(believed, said, reported, thought, expected, announced, etc.) that从句。单词点津meansn. 手段；方法(单复数同形)教材原句Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in preh

19、istoric times.科学家们认为这些迁居者通过一条史前时期曾经存在的大陆桥穿越北极地区的白令海峡到达美洲。【特别提醒】(1)means用作“方式；方法”时单复数同形。若all/some/several/many means作主语，谓语动词用复数形式；若every/each/one/a means作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。(2)by no means 位于句首时，句子应部分倒装。【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空Every possible means _ (try), but none has worked.Ive tried very hard to improve my Englis

20、h. But by no means _ (be) the teacher satisfied with my progress.答案：has been triedis(2)完成句子Only _ will you succeed.只有用这种方法你才会成功。Students sometimes support themselves _ parttime jobs.学生们有时可以通过做兼职工作养活自己。答案：by this meansby means ofmajorityn. 大多数；大半教材原句Of the first Spanish to go to California, the major

21、ity were religious men, whose ministry was to teach the Catholic religion to the natives. 在首批移居加州的西班牙人中，大部分是宗教人士，他们的职责是向原住居民传授天主教。(1)a/the majority of 大多数be in a/the majority 构成大多数/大部分(2)major vi.专修；主攻 adj.主要的 n专业major in 主修(3)minority n少数；少数派/人【特别提醒】(1)当a/the majority of . 作主语时，谓语动词的数与of后的名词保持一致。(2

22、)当the majority单独作主语时，谓语动词用单复数都可以。【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空The majority _ (be) in favor of the suggestion at the meeting.答案：was/were(2)完成句子In fact, he inspired me _ English in college.事实上，他激励我在大学里主修英语专业。When it comes to education, _ people believe that it is a lifelong career.说到教育，大部分人认为其是终生的事业。答案：to major int

23、he majority ofoccurvi. 发生；出现教材原句It didnt occur to me that . 我没有想到【特别提醒】occur为不及物动词“发生；出现”，相当于happen，不能用于被动语态。【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空I was going along the street looking for a place to park when the accident _ (occur)答案：occurred(2)完成句子_ I still had things to do, so I went back to my office at once.我忽然想起还有事情要

24、做，因此我立刻回到了办公室。Please explain how the idea _ you and what materials you use.请解释一下你是如何想到这个主意的，使用了什么原料。答案：It occurred to me thatoccurs toindicatevt. 指出；标示；表明；暗示教材原句Try to use the expressions above to indicate that you are listening carefully to your partner.试着用以上表达来表明你在认真倾听你的搭档的话。(1)indicate sth. to sb

25、. 向某人指出/暗示某物/事indicate that . 示意；表明；暗示；说明(2)indication n. 暗示；表示；预兆；指示There is (no) indication that . (没)有迹象表明【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空With a nod of his head he indicated _ me where I should sit.He gave no _ (indicate) that he was ready to compromise.答案：toindication(2)单句改错The bell indicated the end of the clas

26、s rang, interrupting our heated discussion._It is no indication that there will be an earthquake._答案：indicatedindicatingItThere短语点拨make a life 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等教材原句Some died or returned home, but most remained in California to make a life for themselves despite great hardship.有些人死了或回家了，但是尽管条件十分艰苦，多数人仍然留

27、在了加利福尼亚劳作谋生。(1)make/earn a/ones living谋生(2)live/lead a . life 过着生活come (back) to life 苏醒；变得活跃；恢复生气bring . back to life 使苏醒过来；给活力【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空They settled down in Canada and made _ life for themselves.She had to look for parttime jobs these years _ (make) a living.答案：ato make(2)单句改错They moved to a

28、new city last year and it was difficult for them to make the life there._答案：theatake in 包括；领会；理解；欺骗；收留；收养；吸收教材原句Its a 79 km roundtrip that takes in all the famous tourist spots.这是一次往返79公里的旅行，它涵盖了所有著名的旅游景点。take apart 拆开；打败；抨击(论点等)take back 收回；退回；使回忆起昔日take care of 照料；保管take down 拿下；取下；拆卸；记下take it ea

29、sy 别紧张；慢慢来take over 接替；接收；接管take off 脱下(衣服等)；起飞；大获成功take on 承担；呈现take ones place 入座；代替某人的位置take ones time 不急；慢慢来take up 开始从事；占用(时间或空间)；着手处理；拿起；继续【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空Women are usually _ (take) in to buy a lot of things that they dont really need.答案：taken(2)写出下列句中take in的含义The farmer took in the lost travelers for the night._ While readin