状语从句Word文档格式.docx

1、6） It is said that paper was first made in China.7） It seems that he is older.8） Its certain that the sports meeting will be delayed.9） It doesnt matter if you have no time to do it.注意：1. 陈述句必须以that 引导, 不能省略。2. 主语从句只能用whether引导，不能用if引导。3. 常用it作形式主语，代替真正的主语从句，但不能代替由what引导的主语从句。4. 常用于It + be + adj. /

2、n. / + that-clauseIts certain / clear / a pity /a fact/ common knowledge/ said / hoped + that / whetherIts natural/ strange/ necessary/ important that （should） 5.It doesnt matter if 是固定句型。6. 句型：It is required/ suggested/ insisted/ ordered that（should）+ do7.that 与what的区别：that在从句中不充当任何成分，没有意思；what在从句中

3、充当主语或宾语，意思是：（所）的表语从句表语从句在复合句中作表语的名词性从句，放在系动词之后，一般结构是“主语连系动词表语从句”。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem等,也由that, whether, who, whose, what, which或when, where, why, how等引出。e.g. 1） My suggestion is that you （should） start it at once.2） What they want to know is whether they are right.3） That was how they

4、 were injured.4） My hometown is no longer what it used to be.1. 陈述句由that引导，一般不省略； 2. 疑问句只能用whether引导，不可用if 。 同位语从句在句子中作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句一般由连词that引导，常放在fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, discovery, information, word, message, thought, suggestion等名词的后面，说明该名词的具体内容。eg. 1） The fact that he didnt c

5、ome shows that he has broken his word.2） Soon word came that they should announce the results of the exam. 3） You have no idea how worried I was then. = You dont know how worried I was then.1. 同位语从句不同于定语从句，前者起补充说明作用，that是连词，在从句中不充当句子成分，不省略; 后者起修饰作用，that是关系代词（还可以由别的关系代词或关系副词引导定语从句），在从句中充当主语或宾语，作宾语时可省

6、略。e.g. 1） The news that they had won the battle soon spread over the whole country. （ 同位语从句）2） The news you told me yesterday was really disappointing. （定语从句）2. 同位语从句也可由连接代词who，which，what和连接副词where，when，why，how等引导。The question who should do the work requires consideration.We havent yet settled the q

7、uestion where we are going to spend our summer vacation.Its a question how he did it.宾语从句在复合句中起宾语作用的从属句称为宾语从句。1. 作动词的宾语（1） 由that引导的宾语从句（that 通常可以省略）,例如：I heard that be joined the army. She suggested （ that ） he do it at once.（2） 由what, whether （if） 引导的宾语从句，例如：1） She did not know what had happened.2）

8、 I wonder whether you can change this note for me.（3） 动词间接宾语宾语从句。例如：She told me that she would accept my invitation.2. 作介词的宾语 Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another. It depends on whether we will go.3. 作形容词的宾语例如：I am afraid （that） Ive made a mistake.that 引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾

9、语：Anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content 等。也可以将此类词后的that 从句的看作原因状语从句。4. It 可以作为形式宾语It 不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that 从句则放在句尾，特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。 例如：We heard it that she

10、would get married next month. We think it possible that the price will rise.1. 关系词that常可以省略;2. 介词宾语用whether, 不用if;3. find / make / see / hear / feel / think + it + adj. / n. + that 句型中, it 作形式宾语, that引导真正的宾语从句, 不能省;4. 若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等，其后的宾语从句若

11、含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。 I dont think （that） the film is interesting. I dont think this dress fits you well. 我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。5. be sure / certain / glad / afraid / sorry / pleased + that 句型中, that 可以省;6. what is / was the matter /wrong with sb作宾语从句, 不改变语序; Who knows what is the matter / wrong w

12、ith him?7. 有两个或两个以上宾语从句时, 第二个和第二个以后的从句必须用that引导. She said she was pleased at her victory and that she would work harder.即时巩固练习 1用适当的词填空1.I dont know _ will happen next.2.She doesnt understand _ he did it?3. The thought _ we might succeed excited us.4. _ he succeeded in the competition made us happy.

13、5. The fact is _ he told a lie to me.答案：1.what 2.why 3.that 4.That 5.that另外，在名词性从句的复习过程中，我们还须特别注意以下问题：1主语从句 Whatever, whoever, whichever 引导的主语从句的区分。whatever 相当于 anything that, 是 what 的强调形式，表示“无论什么”。 Whatever she does is ridiculous whoever 相当于anyone who, 是who 的强调形式，表示“无论谁；任何的人”。 Whoever walks around

14、in such a heavy rain will catch a cold whichever“无论哪个; 无论哪些”, 既指人, 也指物; 可以单独使用, 可以修饰名词, 也可以后跟of 短语。 Whichever of us fulfils his task first will lend a hand to others Whichever book you borrow doesnt matter to us 2表语从句 reason 后面的表语从句只能用that 引导, 不能用why 引导, 但reason后面的定语从句可以用why 或者that 引导。The reason why

15、 we didnt trust him is that he has often lied 3同位语从句 能跟同位语从句的名词。idea, fact, news, hope, belief, thought, doubt 等名词后面, 可以跟that或者连接代词、连接副词引导的同位语从句。同位语从句只是对前面的名词作进一步的解释, 说明前面的名词的具体含义。 例如：We are surprised at the fact that the children did it on their own They expressed the hope that we would go and visi

16、t Germany again 同位语从句和定语从句的区别：that作为关系代词, 可以引导定语从句, 充当句子成分, 在从句中作宾语时可以省略; that引导同位语从句时, 起连词的作用, 没有实际意义，不充当句子成分, 一般不能省略。 试比较下面两个例句:The suggestion （that） he raised at the meeting is very good.（that引导定语从句, 作宾语, 可以省略） The suggestion that the students （should） have plenty of exercise is very good.（that引导

17、同位语从句） I had no idea that you were here.（that引导同位语从句, 不能省略） Have you got the idea （that） this book gives you of life in ancient Greece?即时巩固练习 2用适当的词填空1. I wonder if this is _you are looking for.2. I dont know _ Ill be free tomorrow.3. Father made a promise _ he would buy me a computer.4_the test wil

18、l be given is not yet decided.5._ the earth is round is known to us all.6My idea is _ we should do it right now.7._ they need is clear to us all. 8. This is _ I want to do.9.The fact _ man can conquer nature is obvious.10. I have no idea _he did it.1.what 2.whether/if 3.that 4.When/Where/Whehher 5.T

19、hat 6.that 7.what 8.what 9.that 10.how/why 三、考点体悟【经典名题回放导解】名词性从句考点透视名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。其用法复杂,考查面广、量大,是同学们颇感棘手的语法项目,也是历年来高考的重点之一。现在让我们走近名词性从句,剖析其考查热点,探索其命题规律。一、考查名词性从句的语序不管主句的语气如何,名词性从句总是使用陈述语序。原题再现No one can be sure _ in a million years.A. what man will look likeB. what will man look likeC.

20、 man will look like whatD. what look will man like答案是A。二、考查it作形式主语的用法英语中为了使句子保持平衡,常用先行词it代替主语从句,而把主语从句放到句子的后面。_ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A. There B. This C. That D. It答案是D。三、考查关联词的正确选用这是近几年高考的重中之重。解决这一问题可以从以下几点入手:1.依据缺什么补什么的原则确定正确的连词认真分析句子成分,看从句中缺什么成分,再根据

21、语境和语义,选用恰当的连词。如果从句中缺少主语,指人用who,指物则用what;如缺宾语,指人用whom,指物用what;如缺时间状语用when;地点状语用where;原因状语用why;方式状语用how;定语用what或which;如果从句中什么成分都不缺,用that。例如:I dont know who will be our English teacher next term.（缺主语,指人用who）I know what should be done and what shouldnt be done.（缺主语,指物用what）Im sure that he will come tomo

22、rrow.（什么成分都不缺,用that）Where he will go is still unknown.（缺地点状语,用where）t know which / what topic I should choose.（缺定语,用what或which）-I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.-Is that _ you had a few days off?A. why B. when C. what D. where2.注意几组易混连词的使用1） what与that这是高考测试的一对热点连词,同学们一定要将其掌握。that引导名词性从句时

23、仅起连接作用,不作句子任何成分,除在宾语从句中外一般不可省略;what引导名词性从句时,除起连接作用外,还在句子中担任主语、宾语、表语等句子成分。_ he said is true.A. What B. That C. Which D. Whether2） whether与ifwhether与if在引导动词的宾语从句时,两者一般可以互换,但在引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句以及作介词宾语的宾语从句或后面直接跟or not时,只能用whether。_ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A. If B. Whether C. That

24、 D. Where答案是B 。3） wh-+ever与wh-引起的名词性从句不含疑问意义,相当于名词/代词后加一个定语从句;而如what, which, who, whom, when, where等除与前一种从句有相同的含义之外,还都有疑问意义。 Eat _ cake you like and leave the others for _ comes in late.A. any; who B. every; whoever C. whichever; whoever D. either; whoever _ has helped to save the drowning girl is w

25、orth praising.A. Who B. The one C. Anyone D. Whoever Its a matter of _ would take the position.A. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomever答案分别是C D A。3.同位语从句与定语从句的区别同位语从句和定语从句都跟在名词后,极易为某些同学混淆。同位语从句是用来对前面的名词解释说明的,而定语从句是用来对先行词加以限制的;引导同位语从句的that在从句中不作任何成分,而引导定语从句的关系代词that则在定语从句中担任主语或宾语。 Finally, the thief han

26、ded everything _ he had stolen to the police.A. which B. what C. whatever D. that Information has been put forward _ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.A. while B. that C. when D. as答案分别是DB。第题是定语从句,第题是同位语从句。 四、考点突破基础巩固+能力提升名词性从句1. _ we need more practice is quite clear.A

27、. When B. What C. That D. /2. _ I accept the gift or refuse it is none of your business.A. If B. Whether C. Even if D. No matter when3. _ knows the truth about it will tell you.A. Who that B. That C. Whoever D. That who4. _ he is doing seems quite difficultA. How B. That C. Which D. What5. _ certain that his invention will lead to the development of production.A. Thats B. This is C. It D. Whats6. _ that there is ano