1、中考英语语法专项复习讲解及训练 副词含答案中考英语语法专项复习副词 中考英语对副词考查的频率很高,对副词的考查主要侧重副词用法辨析和比较级、最高级的用法。考生在复习时应注意熟记副词比较级的构成及用法,以及与频率相关的副词及副词短语的用法。对于副词的考察,通常出现在单项选择、完形填空中以及语法填空中。 一、副词的分类思维导图记知识点副词按词汇意义可分为:方式副词:well,fast,slowly,carefully,quickly程度副词:very,much,enough,almost,rather,quite地点副词:here,there,out,somewhere,abroad,home时间
2、副词:today,early,soon,now,then,recently,still频度副词:always,often,usually,sometimes,seldom,never否定副词:no,not,neither,nor疑问副词:where,how,why其他:also,too,only2、副词在句子中的位置以及作用:思维导图记知识点副词在句子中的位置以及作用:副词主要用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或其他结构。一)、副词的位置:1) 在动词之前。2) 在be动词、助动词之后。3) 多个助动词时,副词一般放在第一个助动词后。a. 大多数方式副词位于句尾,但宾语过长,副词可以提前,以使句子平衡
3、。 b. 方式副词well,badly糟、坏,hard等只放在句尾。 He speaks good English. 二).副词的排列顺序:思维导图记知识点1) 时间,地点副词,小单位的在前,大单位在后。2) 方式副词,短的在前,长的在后,并用and或but等连词连接。Please write slowly and carefully. 3) 多个不同副词排列:程度+地点+方式+时间副词。4) 副词very 可以修饰形容词,但不能修饰动词。5) 副词enough要放在形容词的后面,形容词enough放在名词前后都可。如:I dont know him well enough. 3).副词作句子
4、成分思维导图记知识点作状语:时间副词:一般放在句首或句尾,注意,early、late、before、later、yet等一般放在句尾,already、just一般放在动词的前面。如:We will visit the Great Wall tomorrow.(我们明天要去参观长城)They have already been to the UK twice.(他们去过英王国两次) Soon the lost boy found his way back home.(不久迷路的孩子找到回家的路)频度副词:一般放在be动词之后或者助动词与主要动词之间,但sometimes、often等还可以放在句
5、首或句尾,usually可放在句首,once可放在句尾,twice、three times等一般放在句尾。如:Sometimes I get up early.(我有时起得早) The workers usually have lunch at the factory.(工人们通常在厂里吃午饭) Take this medicine twice a day.(这种药一天吃两次) 方式副词:一般放在行为动之后,suddenly可以放在句首、句尾或动词之前。如:Old people can hardly walk as quickly as young people.(老年人几乎不可能走得和年轻人
6、一样快) Suddenly he saw a light in the dark cave(突然,在黑黢黢的山洞里,他看见了一丝亮光) 地点副词:一般放在句尾,但here、there还可放在句首。如:There you can see thousands of bikes running in all directions(方向).(在那里,你可以看到成千上万的自行车朝各个方向流动) The frightened wolf ran away.(受到惊吓的狼逃开了) He walked out quietly and turned back soon.(他悄悄地走了出去,很快又返回) 程度副词:
7、修饰动词时,放在动词之前;修饰形容词或副词时,放在形容词或副词之前。但注意,enough总是放在被修饰的形容词或动词的后面;only位置比较灵活,总是放在被修饰的词的前面。如:I nearly forgot all about it if he did not tell me again.(如果他不再次告诉我,我几乎把那事全忘了) It was so strange that I could hardly believe my ears.(它那么奇怪以至我不能相信我的耳朵) She got to the station early enough to catch the first bus.(
8、她早早地赶到车站赶上了首班车) 疑问副词:用于对句子的状语进行提问,位置总是在句首。如:When and where were you born?(你何时何地出生?) Why did little Edison sit on some eggs?(小爱迪生为什么要坐在鸡蛋上?) How do you do?(你好!) 连接副词:用来引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句,在从句中作状语。如:How I am going to kill the cat is still a question.(我打算怎样杀死那只猫还是个问题) That is why everyone is afraid of the
9、 tiger.(那就是人人都害怕老虎的原因) He wondered how he could do it the next day.(他不知道第二天怎样做那事) 关系副词:用来引导定语从句,在从句中作状语。如:This is the place where Mr Zhang once lived.(这就是张先生曾经住过的地方) Please tell me the way how you have learned English so well.(请告诉我你的英语是怎样学得这么好的方法) 其它副词:too“也”,用在句尾;also放在动词前;either “也不”,放在句尾;nor“也不”,
10、放在句首;so“如此,这样”,放在形容词、副词前;on/off“开/关”放在动词之后;not放在be之后、助动词之后、不定式或动名词之前;maybe/perhaps放在句首;certainly放在句首或动词之前。如:He went to the Palace Museum and I went there, too.(他去了故宫博物院,我也去了) Maybe your ticket is in your inside pocket.(也许你的票就在你的里边衣袋里) -Tom doesnt have a computer. Nor do I.(汤姆没有计算机,我也没有。) 作表语:地点副词一般可
11、以作表语,放在be等连系动词之后,说明人物所处的位置。如:Im very sorry he isnt in at the moment.(很抱歉,他此刻不在家)I have been away from my hometown for nearly 20 years.(我离开家乡有将近20年了) Jim is over there.(吉姆就在那边)作定语:时间副词(如now、then)以及许多地点副词都可以作名词的定语,放在名词的后面。如:People now often have their festival dinners at restaurants.(现在的人们经常在餐馆里吃节日晚宴)
12、 Women there were living a terrible life in the 1920s.(在二十世纪20年代那儿的女人过着可怕的日子)作宾语补足语:地点副词一般可以作宾语补足语。如:Put your dirty socks away, Jim! They are giving out bad smell!(吉姆,把你的脏袜子拿开!它们在散发着臭气。) Father kept him in and doing his lessons.(父亲把他关在家里做作业)注意 “动词+副词”的宾语如果是代词,则该副词应该放在代词之后。如:He wrote down the word.(他
13、写下了那个词。)He wrote it down.(他把它写了下来。)四)、有关副词的用法和辨析: asas常构成一些词组:as soon as(一旦就), as well as(同样), as+形容词/副词+as possible(尽可能地)。如:Please ring me up as soon as you get to Beijing.(请你一到北京就给我写信。) Miss Gao hurried to the school gate as quickly as possible.(高小姐尽快地赶到了校门口。)注释 “as long / much as + 名词”可以表示“长达/多达”
14、的含义。如:The house costs as much as five hundred thousand yuan.(那幢房子花费高达50万元。)They stayed in the cave as long as two weeks.(他们呆在山洞里长达两周。) later、after、ago、before的用法:“一段时间+later/ago”分别表示“(多久)以后/以前”,主要“after/before+某个时刻”分别表示“在某时刻之后/之前”,此时两个词是介词。ago与before:ago只能用于过去时,before用于完成时。如:He had an accident a week
15、 ago.(一周前出了一个事故) Some years later, the boy became a very famous singer.(数年后这个男孩成了著名的歌唱家) Have you been there before?(你从前到过那儿吗?) After a few years he gave up smoking.(过了几年他戒了烟。) above、below、over、under的用法:在上下方用above和below,在高低处用over和under. 当above、below、over、under是介词性质时,意义相似。如:The stars are high above in the sky.(星星高挂在空中)A plane flew over quickly.(一架飞机从头顶飞过。) too、also、either、nor的用法:too(“也”)用于肯定句和疑问句的末尾,且用逗号隔开;also(“也”)用于肯定句句子谓语动词之前;either(“也”)用于否定句末尾,也用逗号隔开;nor(“也不”)用于倒装句句首;如:Are you American,too?(你也是美国人吗?) He is not happy and I am not happy, eith
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