初中英语必背知识Word格式.docx

1、能/会be over结束catch up with跟上/赶上fall behind落后/跟不上be used for被用来干be located in/on位于 get on/along well with与相处很好think of想起/考虑find out查明/发现come up with发现/找到work out计算出/解决wait for等待 pay for为付款have success in/succeed in在（方面）成功work hard努力工作/学习fall ill/sick生病come true实现go over复习/检查It is said that据说agree with

2、同意be mad at/be angry with生的气belong to属于praise for因为（某事）表扬（某人）except for除之外prefer to更喜欢某事物 help oneself to请随便吃点devote oneself to sth/doing sth致力于/献身于同音词father （父亲）- farther （较远,far的比较级） hear （听见）- here （这里） high （高）- hi （喂） eye （眼睛）- I （我） know （知道）- no （不） meat （肉）- meet （遇见） one （一） - won （获胜,win的过

3、去式） our （我们的）- hour （小时） pear （梨）- pair （一对;一双） sea （海）- see （看见） son （儿子）- sun （太阳） their （他们的）- there （那里） weak （弱的）- week （星期） weather （天气）- whether （是否） write （写）- right （对的;右） wear （穿;戴）- where （在哪里） whole （整个的）- hole （洞）反义词above在.上- below在.下all全部- none全无answer回答- ask询问borrow借进 lend借出/return归还b

4、est最好的- worst最坏的better更好的- worse更坏的both两者都- neither两者都不busy忙碌的- free空闲的buy买- sell卖cheap便宜的- expensive/ dear昂贵的clean干净的- dirty肮脏的clever聪明的- foolish愚蠢的cold寒冷的- hot炎热的cry哭- laugh笑cool凉爽的- warm温暖的careful小心的-careless粗心的danger危险- safety安全safe安全的- dangerous危险的dark黑暗的- bright明亮的dry干燥的- wet潮湿的early早的- late迟的

5、easy容易的- difficult/ hard困难的；艰巨的empty空的- full满的far远的- near近的begin开始- finish结束first最初的- last最后的forget忘记- remember记得soft软的 - hard硬的high高的- low低的inside在里面- outside在外面heavy重的- light轻的noisy吵闹的 quiet安静的old旧的- new新的old年老的- young年轻的possible可能的impossible不可能的pass通过；及格- fail未通过；不及格poor贫穷的- rich富裕的pull拉- push推pl

6、us加- minus减right右边（的）- left左边（的）right准确的- wrong错误的same相同的- different不同的short短的- long长的（个子）矮的- tall（个子）高的sleep睡觉- wake醒来small小的- big, large, great大的strong强壮的- weak虚弱的take拿走- bring带来thin瘦的- fat胖的薄的-thick厚的with有- without没有many很多-few几乎没有more更多-less更少polite礼貌的-rude粗鲁的receive收到-send送/寄同义词（组） arrive in/at=

7、get to=reach到达be fine=be well=be OK（身体）好be from=come from来自be in=be at home在家be away=be out=be not at home在外be busy doing sth.=be busy with sth.忙于做某事give sb a call=give sb a ring给某人打电话go on doing sth.=go on with sth.继续干某事hear from=receive /have/ get a letter from收到某人的来信help sb with sth=help sb （to）d

8、o sth帮某人干某事look out=be careful=take care小心preferto=like better than更喜欢ring sb up=call sb打电话send for sb=ask sb to come派人去请take exercise=do sport做运动teach oneself=learn all by oneself自学walk to=go to on foot步行a lot of=lots of/plenty of很多a quarter past two=two fifteen 2：15 at times=sometimes有时at last=in

9、the end=finally最后a moment ago=just now刚才at once=right now/away立刻/马上more than=over超过no longer=notany longer=no more=not any more不再two and a half years=two years and a half两年半stay healthy=keep fit/healthy保持健康How do you like.?=What do you think of.?你认为.怎么样？one more =another （one）再一个almost - nearly几乎；差不

10、多answer-reply回答autumn-fall秋天gift-present礼物grow-plant种clever - bright聪明的expensive - dear昂贵的difficult - hardeasy - simple容易的；简单的famous - well-known著名的helpful - useful有益的；有用的ill - sick生病的maybe - perhaps -probably可能；大概real - true真正的；真实的whether - if是否名词复数 1.-s apple苹果boy男孩key钥匙2.s,x,ch,sh-es bus公共汽车class

11、课；班级box箱子watch手表match比赛brush刷子 3.辅+yies city城市country国家library图书馆family家庭factory.工厂baby婴儿story故事century世纪dictionary字典4.0-es hero英雄potato马铃薯tomato西红柿5.O-s Photo照片piano钢琴radio收音机zoo动物园kilo千克6.f（e）ves Knife小刀leaf树叶life生命thief小偷7.单复同形Chinese中国人Japanese日本人sheep绵羊deer鹿fish鱼8.词根变化man-men男人woman -women妇女 fo

12、ot-feet脚 tooth-teeth牙齿child-children小孩 mouse-mice老鼠9.部分变复数girl friend -girl friends女朋友 10.全部变复数man teacher -men teachers男教师11. GermanGermans德国人12.不可数名词表数量a cup of tea一杯茶a piece of paper一张纸three pieces of news三条消息five pairs of shoes五双鞋 a bottle of water一瓶水two glasses of milk两玻璃杯牛奶形容词/副词的比较级和最高级 1.-er

13、/est clean tall cold low 2.e-r fine nice large late 3.辅+yier/iest busy easy heavy happy healthy early 4.双写末辅+er/est big fat thin hot wet 5.more/most +多音节或部分双音节形容词/副词careful小心的useful有用的famous著名的quickly快地 slowly慢地 interesting有趣的beautiful美丽的 important重要的 popular流行的；受欢迎的6.不规则变化 good / wellbetter; best b

14、ad /badly/ illworse; worst little几乎没有less ;least many / muchmore; most farfarther; farthest （具体的远）/further ;furthest（抽象的远）基数词序数词 1.-th four四 fourth 2. t-h eight八 eighth去e-th nine九ninth 4.vefth five五fifth twelve十二 twelfth 5.yieth twenty二十twentieth还有thirty三十forty四十fifty五十sixty六十seventy七十eighty八十ninety

15、九十 6.特殊变化one一first two二 second three三third 7.twenty-one二十一twenty-first重要分数：二分之一one/a half三分之二two thirds四分之一one fourth/one（a）quarter四分之三three fourths/three quarters反身代词构成的短语1.enjoy oneself （过得愉快、玩得高兴）2.help oneself to（请随便吃点.） 3. teach oneself = learn by oneself （自学） 4.look after/take care of oneself

16、（照顾自己） 5.hurt oneself （伤害自己） 6. leave one by oneself= leave one alone （把某人单独留下）7.devote oneself to （致力于）第三人称单数（简称：现单三） look play玩 enjoy喜欢 2.s,x,ch,sh,o-es fix修理；安装watch观看 teach wash洗wish希望 do go study学习try尝试4.havehas现在分词 1.-ing help协助 read 2.去e（不发音）-ing have live居住write 3.双写末辅+ing get sit put cut ru

17、n swim begin 4.ieying lie die 过去式，过去分词（规则变化和不规则变化）A.规则变化1.-ed pant种植play 2.e-d use用 3.辅+yied study worry担心 4.双写末辅+ed stop停止drop掉下plan计划B.不规则变化（见表）AAA型cut cut cut切，割put put put放set set set下沉；放置fit fit fit合适cost cost cost值（钱）read read read读hurt hurt hurt伤害shut shut shut关闭ABB型buy boughtbought买think tho

18、ughtthought想；认为bring broughtbrought带来fight foughtfought战斗；打/吵架teach taughttaught教catch caughtcaught捉住sendsentsent送；寄spendspentspent花费buildbuiltbuilt建筑lendlent借出tell told told告诉sell sold sold卖sleep slept slept睡sweep swept swept扫pay paid paid支付lay laid laid放置；产卵feel felt felt感觉；触摸find found found发现；找到

19、hear heard heard听见keep kept kept保持leave left left离开；留下lose lost lost失去say said said说 dig dug dug挖get got got得到have/has had had有/吃hold held held握住；举行make made made制造；使得meet met met遇见sit sat sat坐win won won赢shine shone shone发光；照射feed fed fed喂养AB型beat beat beaten打ABA型become became become成为come came com

20、e来run ran run跑ABC型am/is was been是are were been是begin began begun开始sing sang sung唱swim swam swum游泳drink drank drunk喝ring rang rung响；打电话grow grew grown生长；种植know knew known知道；理解blow blew blown吹drive drove driven驾驶draw drew drawn绘制；拉give gave given给rise rose risen升起take took taken拿走show showed shown出示br

21、eak broke broken打破choose chose chosen选择speak spoke spoken讲话do did done做fall fell fallen跌；落go went gone去see saw seen看见wear wore worn穿；戴eat ate eaten吃fly flew flown放；飞lie lay lain躺wake woke woken醒来steal stole stolen偷盗hide hid hidden隐藏ride rode ridden骑；乘forget forgot forgotten忘记write wrote written写情态动词

22、只有过去式：can could能；会may might能够；可能will would将；会shall should应该have/ has to had to不得不must必须名词 1.+er singer歌唱家teacher教师player比赛者worker工人farmer农民traveller旅行者owner所有者foreigner外国人writer作者driver司机winner获胜者runner赛跑者 swimmer游泳者2.+or visitor参观者inventor发明者act表演 actor（男）演员3.+ion invention发明describedescription描写op

23、erate动手术operation手术4.+ing building建筑training训练 meaning意思 warning警告smoke smoking吸烟5.+ist artist美术家science科学 scientist科学家6.+ness illness疾病busy business商业；生意happy happiness幸福；愉快7.+ment development发展8.tce different difference不同confident confidence自信important importance主要 9.不规则变化：advise advice建议proud pri

24、de骄傲high高的 height高度weigh称.重量 weight重量long长的 length长度strong强壮的strength力量succeed success成功safe safety安全friend朋友friendship友谊diedeath死encourage鼓励courage勇气law法律lawyer律师choose choice选择decide decision决定speak speech说话think思考thought思想produce生产product产品形容词 1.+y cloudy多云的windy刮风的snowy下雪的rainy下雨的lucky幸运的healthy

25、健康的 noisenoisy吵闹的sunny晴朗的 funny可笑的 2.+ful careful useful helpful有协助的 peaceful和平的thankful感激的wonderful精彩的 colourful艳丽的successful成功的painful病痛的 3.+ly friendly友好的 lovely可爱的lively热闹的；有生气的4.+ous dangerous5.+ing/ed interesting interested exciting excited兴奋的6. a- alive活着的 asleep睡着的awake清醒的 7.cet difference different 8. +ed wounded受伤的close closed关着的worry worried担忧的pleased高兴的；满意的9. +ern eastern东方的 western西方的 northern北方的 southern南方的10.特殊变化pride proud well good die dead enjoy enjoyable愉快的open open person人personal个人的副词 1.+ly clear清楚的quick careful quiet real真的final最后的softsoftly 2.y ily lucky angry happy