语法之定语从句教学设计Word格式.docx

1、2.介词+关系代词的用法【教学设计】一关系代词引导的定语从句 1. 关系代词： 指人： who whom 指物： which 指人，指物：that whose归纳总结： 1） 在定语从句中做定语时用_不可省略。whose + n= _2 .which; that的区别 观察例句，进行总结 There is nothing that can prevent me from learning English.This is the best film that I have ever seen.This is the only book I want to buy.They talked abou

2、t the teachers and schools that they remembered.Which is the bike that you lost? 总结：下列情况下只能用that引导定语从句，不能用which1）当先行词是everything,anything,nothing,all,none,few,little,some等代词时，或当先行词受every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等代词修饰时There seems to be nothing that is impssible to him in the world.2）当先行词被序数词修饰

3、或被形容词最高级修饰时3）当先行词被the only,the very修饰时This is the very dictionary that I want to buy.4）当先行词前面有who,which等疑问词或先行词是who时Who is the man that is standing by the gate?5）当先行词为人与物时 Eg: Beacause of my poor memory, all _you told me has been forgotten. The only thing _ we can do is to give you some money. What

4、is the first American film _ you have seen. 下列情况只能用which引导定语从句，不能用that The book, which you bought for me, was lost. This is the house in which I lived when I was young. 1） 在非限制性定语从句中限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句用which 不用that.注：限制性定语从句对先行词起修饰作用;而非限制性定语从句是对先行词起补充说明作用。非限制性定语从句中，先行词与定语从句往往用逗号隔开。友情提示：非限制性定语从句中有时所修饰的不

5、是前面一个词而是整个句子。 He gave his mother a color TV set for her birthday, which pleased her a lot.2）当动词短语中的介词提前时用which, 不用thatEg. Anyway, that evening , _ I will tell you later , ended up staying at Rechels place. A. it B. that C. which D. when John said he had ben working in the office for an hour, _was tr

6、ue. A. he B.this C. which D. who She was educated at Beijing University, _she went to have her advanced study aborad. A after which B. from which C. from that D. after that思考：介词应如何选择？4. 介词+关系代词 Great changes are taking place in the city _ _ we live. This is our parents _ _ we depend when we are in t

7、rouble. Here is the money _ _ to buy a piano. Our factory produces half a million pairs od shoes every year, 80%_ _are sold aboard.在 “介词+关系代词” 引导的定语从句中，关系代词只能用_,_.即：介词+_/_ 在这结构中，介词的选择可依据下列几点：1）看介词和定语从句中的谓语动词的习惯搭配。2）看介词和前面先行词的习惯搭配。3）表示 “所有关系”或整体中的一部分时常用of 。4）看介词与定语从句中的形容词的习惯搭配。介词+关系代词还可以出现在下列情况： I ha

8、ve many friends, some of whom are teachers. We saw an old man sitting in the street corner, in front of which was a hat.China has a lot of islands, the largest of which is Taiwan.1）用 “不定代词some/all/any +of which/whom ”结构引导的非限制性定语从句。2）用 “复合介词+whom/which”结构引导的非限制性定语从句3）用 “形容词最高级、比较级+ of which/whom” 结构引

9、导的非限制性定语从句I have many friends, some of whom are teachers. _are teachers.Eg. 改正下句中的错误之处： 1.This is the teacher to whom we have learned a lot.2. I live in a room ,the windows of that face south.3.The old man had 3 sons, two of them died in the war.4.The colorless gas（气体） which we cannot live is called

10、 oxygen.5.There are 60 students in our class, all of who get on well with each other.6.October1,1949 was the day which the Peoples Republic of China was founded. 上面第六个句子中除了用on which之外还可用别的词替换吗？填上下面句子并比较二关系副词引导的定语从句：when where why October1,1949 was the day _ _ the Peoples Republic of China was founde

11、d.October1,1949 was the day_ the Peoples Republic of China was founded.October1,1949 was the day _we will never forget. This is the school_ _ I used to work when young.This is the school_ I used to work when young.This is the school _ is famous in Zhangqiu. I dont know the reason _ _he is absent tod

12、ay.I dont know the reason _he is absent today.The reason _he told me is unbelievable.归纳：1）关系副词引导的定语从句经常可以用 “_+_”来代替 2） 先行词表示时间，地点，原因时，引导词不一定就是when,where, why要看他们在句中担当的成分。关系代词在句中作_,_,_.关系副词在句中作_.Eg: 词排序组句子：1.the teacher the reason for class late why didnt he was believe _.2.I the place we met cant wh

13、ere forget for the first time_.3.Jinan I my birthday the day when went to was_.4.I three books the forst was given like I most which of 5.a computer spent bought I money my I all which on三知识运用：请选你最喜欢的一个人（例如父母，同学，师长-），用英语写三个定语从句，其中可以包括以下内容：对人物的简单介绍，喜欢该人物的理由例：The person whom I like is- She is a girl w

14、ho is always - I can tell you the reason why - 高考试题中，主要从以下角度考查定语从句： 定语从句的考点之一 正确区分关系代词that引出的定语从句功能强，除不能作定语（用whose）外，其它几个功能都可用that。但命题角度主要以that与which指物时的区别为重点进行命制。例如：（1）Do you have anything in mind _ youd like for supper?Well, _ is OK with me. A. that ; anything B. which ; everything C. what ; whate

15、ver D. where ; something 选A。（2）The wrong youve done him is terrible, for _ you should make an apology to him, I think. A. this B. which C. what D. that 选B。 定语从句的考点之二 正确区分关系代词（that或which）与关系副词when（表时间）、where（表地点）、why（表原因）。重点根据定语从句中所缺成分（即关系词在定语从句中作状语时，使用关系副词when （on which）; where（in which）; why（for wh

16、ich）；在定语从句中作作主语、宾语或表语时，使用that或which。）来确定是用关系代词还是关系副词，绝不能因先行词是时间名词就用when，是地点名词就用where，是reason就用why来确定。因此，认准先行词只是选择关系词的一个方面，更重要的是看其在后面定语从句中充当什么句子成分例如：（3）He should stand near the stage _ he could watch and follow the play. A. where B. when C. that D. there 选A。（4）Do you think the reason _ he gave is bel

17、ievable. A. for which B. which C. why D. what 选B。（5）We are living in an age _ many things are done on computer. A. which B. that C. whose D. when 选D。 定语从句的考点之三 当先行词在定语从句中作主语时，应注意主谓语的一致性及被动语态问题。尤其要注意在考题中不用定语从句，而是用分词短语作定语。（6）The first textbooks _ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in

18、the 16th century. A. having written B. to be written C. being written D. written 选D。（7）The train that stands at platform 7 / standing at platform 7 is for Wuhan. （8）Any article that is left in these buses / left in these buses will be taken at once to the Lost Property Office. 定语从句的考点之四 定语从句中不能再重复与先

19、行词有关的代词或副词。必须牢记定语从句中关系词已经替代先行词并且在定语从句中已经充当其成分，故不能再用相关的代词或副词。（8）He made another wonderful discovery, _ of great importance to science. A. which I think it is B. which I think is C. which I think it D. I think which is 选B。（9）This is the hospital _ they visited last year and is the one _ I worked in fi

20、ve years ago Athat；where Bwhere；that Cwhere；where Dthat；that 选D。（10）There are dirty marks on her trousers _ she had wiped her hands. A. that B. which C. where D. when 选C。 定语从句的考点之五 对介词后接关系代词而不接关系副词的考查；当关系代词作介词宾语，且该介词不是和从句的谓语动词构成固定短语时，介词可以提前，这样就出现介词+关系代词。先行词指物，用介词+which, 指人则用介词+whom, 且两个关系代词均不能省略，介词的

21、选择要遵循两个原则：1.根据定语从句中谓语动词与先行词的搭配内容而定。 2.根据先行词特殊用法而定。（11）This flower doesnt do well in soil other than the one_ it has been specially developed Afor which Bthat Cof which Dwhere 选A。（12）Anyway, that evening, _I will tell you more about later, I ended up staying at Rachels place. A. when B. where C. what

22、 D. which 选D。 定语从句的考点之六 关系代词as的考查。关系代词as引导限制性定语从句时既可指人又可指物。它只能替代由such，the same等修饰的先行词；as引导非限制性定语从句时，可放于句首，句中或置于句尾，而which则只能置于主句之后。但如果定语从句为否定句或表示否定意义，使用which。As引导的定性定语从句有正如之意，而which引导的没有。 例如：（13）Our teacher set us such a difficult maths problem _ we could not work out. A. that B. which C. as D. even

23、选C。（14）Carl said the work would be done by October , _ personally I doubt very much. A. it B. that C. when D. which 选D。（15）_ is reported in the newspaper , talks between the two countries are making progress. A. It B. As C. That D. What 选B。 定语从句的考点之七 解题时要注意题干的内容和句子的结构，（进行必要的语法分析，弄清句子结构。）再行答题。（16）The

24、 teacher wanted to teach us _ he knew at this last lesson. A. all which B. all what C. of which D. everything which 选B。（17）Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment , _ I will always treasure. A. that B. one C. it D. what 选B。（18） Mrs Brown was much disappointed to see the wa

25、shing machine she had had _went wrong again. A. it repair B. it repaired C. repaired D. to be repaired 选C。（19）_is well-known that Antarctica is difficult to reach A. It B. What C. As D. Which 选 A （20）_is well-known , Antarctica is difficult to reach. A. It B. What C. As D. which 选C。（21）_is well-know

26、n is that Antarctica is difficult to reach. A. It B. What C. As D. which 选B。 虽然定语从句的结构和用法比较复杂，但只要从定语从句的形式上、结构上和用法上来分析理解和比较，就一定就能把握定语从句的用法。【迁移运用】练习：1.We shouldnt spend our money testing so many people, most of _are healthy. A. that B.which C. what D. whom2.Alec asked the policeman _ he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident. A. with him B. who C. with whom D. whom3.Have you seen the film Titanic , _leading actor is world famous. A. its B. its C. whose D. which4.The United States is made up of fifty states, one of _is seperated from the others by the Pacific Ocean. A