1、因为mustnt表示“不可以”。表示推测“一定”,“必定”只用在肯定句中,老师在向学生简要讲明其主要用法以后,通过大量的操练让学生掌握。例如:1. You must look after yourself2. We must finish our homework on time3. Li Ming must wait for his father at the bus stop4. They must clean their classroom every day. 5. We mustnt laugh at others6. You mustnt draw on the wall7. He
2、 mustnt leave to early8. They mustnt climb trees. 9. A: Must she go shopping tomorrow?B: Yes, she must./No, she neednt.10. A: Must we do the cleaning this afternoon? Yes, we must./No, we neednt.11. When and where must we get on the train?12. Who must go to the meeting?13. Who must I ask about the wa
3、y to the TV station?14. Whose car must the man clean?15. Why must I stand in line?教学由when, before, after引导的时间状语从句和由if引导的条件状语从句本单元的第二个语法项目是由when,before,after等连词引导的时间状语从句和由连词if引导的假设性的条件状语从句。可用英译汉、汉译英或填空等方式进行口头和书面练习。1.When(1) When she reached home, she had a short rest.(2) Will you please lock the door
4、 when you go out?(3) When he was a middle school student, he liked playing football very much.(4) Dont run the machine when something is wrong with it.2. before(1)I must finish my homework before my mother comes back.(2) You must have something before you go to school.(3) Where did you live before y
5、ou moved to Beijing?(4) Please take these things away before you leave the room.(5)Before I left, I rang him up.3. after(1) They go out for a walk after they have supper.(2) The woman looked worried after she found her ticket lost.(3) I went to bed after I finished writing my diary.(4) What do you d
6、o after class is over?(5) They talked about the party after the people left.4.if(1) If it doesnt rain tomorrow, we will leave for Beijing.(2) If you jump the queue, other people will not be pleased.(3) If you like my pen, I will give it to you.(4) If he studies hard, he will catch up with his studen
7、ts.在练习的过程中老师要提醒学生,由when,after,before引导的时间状语从句和由if引导的条件状语从句将来时用一般现在时来表示,而主句用将来时。阅读训练教学第66课讲的是一个幽默的小故事,描述发生在医务所里的一件令人啼笑皆非的事情。情节颇有趣。单词不多,内容易懂。教学时可先让学生听l2遍录音,然后让学生在老师规定的时间内进行快速阅读,最后让学生看挂图扼要复述课文内容,检查学生快速阅读的效果。学法建议1学生可以先设置一个医务所的场景,然后根据挂图内容,分组进行问答训练,以便进一步掌握课文内容。2本单元的语法项目首先要牢记他们的基本用法和含义,然后反复进行口头和书面训练。特别是含有m
8、ust的一般疑问句,其否定回答不能用mustnt,应该用neednt或dont have to。时间状语从句和假设性的条件状语从句将来时用一般现在时代替,但主句要用将来时。重难点及疑点分析重点及难点:A单词及短语hit, queue, hurt, laugh at, mistake, reading room, alone, surprise, telephone1. queue的意思是“行列”“长队”。stand in a queue = stand in line2. hurt在本单元中作及物动词,是“受伤”的意思,作不及物动词用时表示疼。Does your leg still hurt?
9、Not at allB句子1. Well, you mustnt cross the road now.2. She sat nearest to the doctors door.在本句中nearest是副词near的最高级,副词最高级前省去定冠词the。3. You must wait for your turn.4. Do you think it necessary for us to learn to wait?本句中的it作形式宾语,necessary作宾语补足语。5. She was in the city to visit her daughterC语法1情态动词must的用法
10、。2时间状语从句和条件状语从句。疑点:1get on / off的意思是“上下车马”等,on和 off都是介词,代词放在其中间。如:When the bus stopped, he got off. 2arrive是不及物动词,是“到达,抵达”的意思,与in或at连用。到达大地方用in反之用at。相当于reach或got to。arrive in Beijing,arrive at a village3enjoy oneself意思是“玩得愉快”,它相当于have a good time。1. If there is a lot of traffic, you must wait. if引导的
11、是假设性的条件状语从句,将来时用一般现在时表示,主句仍用将来时。If it doesnt rain tomorrow, we will go swimming2. At the head of the queue was an old woman这是一个倒装句,倒装句分为全倒装和半倒装。此句是全倒装,条件是主语必须是名词而不是代词,又如:In front of the house sat an old woman3. You mustnt eat anything until you see the doctor“notuntil”意为“直到才”主句中的谓语动词必须是中止性动词。上述句子中un
12、til是连词,连接句子,until也可作介词用,后接名词(短语)。She didnt tell me about it until yesterdayuntil连接的是一个时间状语从句,其将来时用一般现在时表示。The boy wont go to bed until his mother comes back4. You must stop making so much noise. stop doing sth表示“停止干什么”。而stop to do sth则表示“停下来去干什么”。1含有情态动词must的一般疑问句,其否定回答不用mustnt,而是用neednt/dont have t
13、oo。Must I be home before eight oclock?No, you neednt. /No, you dont have to2由when,before,after等连词引导的时间状语从句其将来时用一般现在时来表示,主句仍用将来时。能力训练教学1本单元首先要使学生了解有关的交通规则,然后围绕这一中心,对有关的交通警句进行练习。2在复习、巩固上个单元情态动词can,may的基础上,训练和掌握情态动词must和mustnt的用法。3组织练习由when,before,after等连词引导的时间状语从句和由if引导的条件状语从句。情态动词must用法分析must是情态动词,没有
14、人称或数的变化,后接动词原形,其主要用法如下:1表示义务或必要性,意思是“应该、必须”,通常用于肯定句及疑问句。You must go to bed now. 你现在必须睡觉了。Must I start at once? 我必须立刻出发吗?2must的否定式是must not/ mustnt,意思是“不应该、禁止”,语气较强烈。You must not smoke here. 你不许在这里吸烟。We mustnt be late again. 我们不应该再迟到了。3由must引出的一般疑问句,肯定回答用must,否定回答用neednt, dont need to或dont have to均可,
15、但不用mustnt,因为mustnt表示“不许、禁止”的意思,与问句的原意不符。Must I stay at home? 我必须留在家里吗?Yes, you must. 是的,你必须留在家里。(No, you neednt. 或No, you dont have to.)(不,不用了。)如果是反意疑问句,疑问部分一般不用neednt, 而用mustnt;否定回答时仍用neednt, dont need to或dont have to. 如:You must go on foot, mustnt you? 你必须走着去,是吗?Yes, I must. 是的,是这样。(No, I neednt.或
16、No, I dont have to.) (不,不是的。4当说话人对所发生的事情进行推测时,must的意思是“一定、准是”,主要用于肯定句,否定句常用cant。He must be a doctor. 他一定是个大夫。She is not at home. She must be out. 她不在家里,她一定外出了。注意:must表示推测,用于反意疑问句时,疑问部分不能用must, 应与其后面的动词保持一致。(1)She must be home, isnt she? 她一定在家里,是吗?(2)Tom must have a sister, hasnt he? / doesnt he? 汤姆肯
17、定有一个妹妹,是吗?5must与have to的区别。(1)表示(主语)主观的义务或必要时用must;表示(主语)客观因素的义务或必要时用have to。have to含有“不得不”的意思。I must be off. Thank you for your help. 我得走了。谢谢你的帮助。We have to be there early. 我们得早点去那儿。(2)have to可以放在will后面构成将来时,而must则不能。他明天必须去那里。误:He will must go there tomorrow. 正:He will have to go there tomorrow. He
18、 must go there tomorrow.辨析sound,noise和voicesound,noise和voice这三个名词都可表示“声音”,但是,它们表示的“声音”并不相同。1. sound作“声音”,“响声”讲时,可以指人或动物发出的声音,或物体碰撞的声言。这个词的使用范围很大。可以说,大自然的任何“声音”都可以用sound。At midnight he heard a strange sound半夜里他听到一种奇怪的声音。Light travels much faster than sound光的传播速度比声音快得多。2. noise意为“噪音”、“喧闹声”,常指不悦耳、不和谐的嘈
19、杂声。Dont make any noise! 别吵闹!The noise wakes me up噪音吵醒了我!The noise of traffic kept him awake车辆的喧闹声使他睡不着。3. voice一般指人的声音,说话、唱歌。谈笑都可用voice。sound和noise不仅能指人的声音,还可以表示别的动物发出的声音;而voice除了有时可指鸟的声音外,很少表示其它动物的声音。The girl has a beautiful voice那女孩嗓音很美。They are talking in low voices他们正小声交谈。When the teacher came i
20、nto the classroom,our monitor spoke in a loud voice,“Stand up!”老师走进教室时,班长大声喊:“起立!时间、条件状语从句的时态连词when,before,after,if引导的状语从句要特别注意其时态。1当主句的谓语动词是一般将来时时,从句要用一般现在时。The boy will be a writer when he grows up. 这个男孩长大后将成为一名作家。I wont go to school if it rains to- morrow. 如果明天下雨我就不去学校。2主句的谓语动词是情态动词+动词原形时从句的谓语动词也
21、用一般现在时。When the lights are red,the traffic must stop红灯亮时,车辆必须停下。3主句是祈使句时,从句也要用一般现在时。Please dont go to bed before you finish your homework.在完成作业之前,请不要休息。4主句谓语用一般过去时时,从句也要用一般过去时。They talked about the party after people left. 人们离开后,他们谈论这次晚会情况。5.当主句的谓语是want, hope, wish等动词时,从句要用一般现在时。She wants to work in
22、 America when she finishes college.她大学毕业后想到美国工作。I hope to see him if Im free.如果我有空,我希望去看看他。must用法“六注意”must不完整。动词原形后面行;无变化是特征,主语可用各人称;表“必须”表示“推测”,“杜绝、禁止”mustnt;否定回答neednt,牢牢记住这几点定能学好must。下面就这几点分述如下:1“must不完整,动词原形后面行”是说must有一定的词义,表达一定的语气和情感,但不能单独用作谓语,后面应加上动词原形。We must work hard at our lessons. 我们必须努力学
23、习功课。2“无变化是特征,主语可用各人称”是说must没有词形变化,任何人称代词都可作它的主语。I(He,She,You,They)must do it well.我(他,她你,你们)必须做好这件事。3表“必须”是说must可以表示“必要、必须”之意,通常表示说话人的主观意志,或要求对方必须做某事。You must come earlier tomorrow. 你明天必项早点来。You must be more careful!你一定要多加小心!4表“推测”是说must可用来表示推测,有“一定、准是、必定”之意,表示说话人对所陈述的事情有一种可能性很大的推测。He must be our ne
24、w English teacher.他准是我们的新英语老师。Lucy must be at home now. 露西现在一定在家里。5“杜绝、禁止mustnt”是说表示“不应该、不许可、禁止”做某事,语气比较强烈。mustnt是must的否定形式。Children mustnt play with fireIts dangerous!孩子们千万不能玩火,这很危险!6“否定回答neednt”是说,回答 must开头的问句,肯定式用must,否定式用neednt,而不用mustnt。Must we do our homework every day? 每天我们得做家庭作业吗?Yes,you mus
25、t是的,你们必须做。疑难解析1. When many passengers are waiting for a bus, you must stand in line and wait for your turn当许多乘客在等车时,你必须排队等候。l)wait for意思是“等待”。Please wait for a minuteIll come back soon请等一下,我马上回来。A boy is waiting for you at the gate for our school在校门口有一个男孩在等你。2)in line意思是“成列,成行”。line多用来指竖行,row多用来指横行。
26、Please slim line请按列就坐。What row are you in?你在第几排?3)turn名词,意思是“顺序,次序”。They came into the classroom in turn.他们依次走进了教室。Its your turn to speak.轮到你发言了。2. Everyone laughed at the womans mistake每个人都因为那妇女的错误而笑了起来。1)laugh at意思是“嘲笑,因而笑”。Dont laugh at him. 别嘲笑他。We all laughed at Li Lei when he was late for school again. 当李雷又一次迟到时,我们都笑了。2) mistake是个可数名词。常见的词组有:make a mistake/ make mistakes, 例如:I made a few mistakes in my exercise-book. 我在练习本上出了几个错。Everyone may make a mistake. 人人都可能会犯错。3. Mr. Smile said he did not want to
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