现在完成时和完成进行时的比较Word文件下载.docx

1、四、用于现在完成时的句型：1） It is the first / second time. that结构中的从句部分, 用现在完成时。如果主句是过去时，从句相应地改为过去完成时。例如： It is the first time that I have visited the city. 这是我第一次参观这座城市。 It was the third time that the boy had been late. 这是男孩第三次迟到了。2） sb./ sth. + be + 形容词最高级+ that结构, that从句要用现在完成时。This is the best film that Ive

2、 （ever） seen. 这是我看过的电影中最好的一部。 You are the most creative man that I have ever met. 你是我遇到过的人中最有创造性的一位。3） since 引导时间状语从句时，主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。 It has been/ is a long time since I last came to the city. 自从我上次到城里来，已经有好长一段时间了。I started my teaching career at the school. That was more than twenty years ago, a

3、nd I have been there ever since.我是在那个学校开始我的教书生涯。那是二十多年前的事了，从那时起我一直就在那儿。注意: 非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表示延续时间的状语连用。即动作不发生的状态是可以持续的。（错） I have received his letter for a month.（对） I received this letter a month ago.（对） I havent received his letter for almost a month.比较since和for用 法举 例since说明动作起始时间I have lived here s

4、ince I was born.自从出生以来我一直住这儿。for说明动作延续时间长度I have lived here for more than 20 years.我已经住这儿20多年了。一般过去时与现在完成时的区别 一般过去时意义过去发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情, 强调动作过去发生的事情对现在的影响, 强调的是影响。构成didhave/ has done常用时间状语yesterday, last week, ago,in1980, in October, just now等具体的时间状语for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet,up to no

5、w, in the past/ last years等不确定的时间状语动词特征come, go, leave, start, die,finish, become, get married,move, join等非持续性动词live, teach, learn, wait, read, work, study, know, stay, be away/in , stay, talk, paint, have等延续性动词注意：由when, where等引导的特殊疑问句，较少使用现在完成时，常用一般过去时。现在完成进行时 一、现在完成进行时的意义及其构成： 现在完成进行时表示某一动作在过去开始发生

6、, 已经持续到现在, 并且还将持续, 或刚刚停止。have （has） +been + doingI have been learning English for three years. （学英语这个动作从三年前开始持续到现在，还将继续学）I have been waiting three hours for you. （等待从过去开始，一直持续到现在，刚刚结束）二、通常使用现在完成进行时的两种情况：1 表示过去开始的动作一直延续到现在并仍在继续之中。 I have not been sleeping well since I returned home（“我”回家后一直都没有睡好，现在也没

7、有睡好）2 表示过去开始的动作刚结束并在某种情况下与现在有关联。 Kelly：Sorry Im lateHave you been waiting long? （凯利刚到，对方虽然不再等了，但已一直等到现在） Sally：YesI have been waiting for an hour现在完成进行时和现在完成时皆可表示动作对现在产生的结果，但前者所表示的结果是直接的，而后者所表示的则是最后的结果。如：We have been cleaning the classroom我们打扫教室来着。其直接结果可能是：我们身上都是灰。表示教室刚刚打扫过。We have cleaned the class

8、room我们把教室打扫过了。其结果是：现在教室很清洁，可以用了。表示教室可能是昨天打扫的。现在完成时与现在完成进行时的区别现在完成进行时表示事件或动作刚结束强调动作仍在继续have （has） +过去分词提问方式表示反复发生的动作，提问时用how many times表示持续的、不间断的动作，提问时用how long谓语用表示状态或动作的动词做谓语只能用表示动作的动词做谓语现在完成时的句子中可以用像never、yet、already和ever这样的词，而现在完成进行时的句子中则不可以用这样的词。Helen has read a book about Stonehenge. （可表示海伦已经读完

9、了）Helen has been reading a book about Stonehenge. （表示海伦仍在读）- How many times have you visited Egypt this month?-I have visited Egypt twice this month.（现在完成时在这一组对话当中表示被问者过去往返于埃及和居住地，但现已经回来）- How long have you been touring Egypt ?- I have been touring Egypt for two months.（现在完成进行时在这一组对话中表示被问者过去一段时间内一直呆

10、在埃及，没有离开过）I have had this camera for five years（had是表示“拥有”状态的动词）I have taken photos of UFOs with this camera. （taken是表示动作的动词）I have been taking photos of UFOs with this camera. （taking是表示动作的动词）Ive never visited Paris. 我从未参观过巴黎。Ive already been to Paris. 我已经去过巴黎了。. 选择填空1. Mike: have you learned somet

11、hing unexplained before? John: Yes, I a research on an unexplained fact 6 years ago in my hometown.A. make B. made C. have been making D. have made2. Mr. White works as a lawyer now, but he as an actor for several years.A. worked B. has worked C. had worked D. had been worked3. Now that you a famous

12、 mountain climber, what are you going to do?A. have been B. are C. were D. had been4. Miss. Zhang: I am almost tired out. Miss. Huang: So you are. You on the documents all day. A. are working B. have worked C. were working D. have been working5. Tom: I here three days ago. Andy: What these days?A. g

13、ot; did you do B. have got; have you doneC. had got; will you do D. got; have you been doing6. Annie: Im sorry to keep you waiting. Michael: Oh, not at all. I here only a few minutes. A. have been B. had been C. wasD. will be7. You dont need to describe her. I her several times. A. had metB. have me

14、tC. metD. meet8. Ted: I came to Canada last autumn. What about you, Jim? Jim:here for about half a year, and I miss my family very much.A. comeB. cameC. have come D. have been9. It is said in the book that Thomas Edison （1847-1934） the world leading inventor for about sixty years. A. would beB. has

15、beenD. had been10. Billy:the sport meeting might be put off. Paul: Yes, it all depends on the weather. A. Ive been told B. Ive toldC. Im toldD. I told11. Johnson: What bad luck that we the football match in the last 3 minutes. Thomas: Especially when we so hard in the past years. A. had lost; traine

16、dB. were losing; had rained C. have lost; have trainedD. lost; have been training12. Melissa: Hi, Mary. Its nice hearing from you. Mary:coming to visit you but too much work prevents me from doing so.A. had thought ofB. thought ofC. have been thinking ofD. have thought of13. Tom: Miss Jones music at

17、 Eton School for ten years. Sarah: No wonder I often hear her singing in her garden.A. teachers B. used to teachC. is teaching D. has been teaching14. Tracy: I think the waitress must have forgotten us. we here for over half an hour and nobody our order yet. I suppose you are right.A. have been wait

18、ing; has takenB. have been waiting; tookC. have been waited;D. have waited;15. The students dont want to have their supper until they their experiment. A. finishedB. have finishedC. had finished D. will finish16. I play ping-pong quite well, but I time to play since the new year.A. haventB. dont hav

19、eC. havent had D. dont have had17. By now students in Grade One 1,700 English words and phrases.A. should learnB. have learned C. learnedD. learn18. I my history this time yesterday. Now I all my work for today. A. reviewed; had doneB. was reviewing; C. was reviewing; have doneD. reviewed; have done

20、19. I unexplained things recently and I even some writing. A. have been researching; have started B. have researched; had started C. have been researching; have been starting D. have been researched; have started20. Tom: Where have you been?you the whole day. Kate: I was in the library reading magaz

21、ines.A. have been telephoningB. had telephonedC. telephonedD. was telephoned21. The boss yet when and where to take her paid holiday.A. has decided B. didnt decide C. hasnt decided D. hadnt decided22. Jane: How are you today? Ben: Oh, I this ill in a long time.A. didnt feel B. wasnt feelingC. dont f

22、eel D. havent felt23. Shirley a book about China last year but I dont know whether she has finished it.A. has writtenB. wroteC. had writtenD. was writing24. Peter: Hi, Tracy, you look tried. Tracy: I am tired. I the living room all day.A. painted B. had painted C. have been painting D. have painted2

23、5. I dont really work here. I until the new secretary arrives. A. just help outB. have just help out C. am just helping outD. will just help out26. The price , but I am not sure whether it will go up again tomorrow. A. went downB. will go downC. has gone downD. was going down27. I wonder why Jenny u

24、s recently. We should have heard from her by now.A. hasnt written B. doesnt writeC. wont writeD. hadnt written28. The high building is reported to down last month. A. be tornB. have been tornC. tearD. have torn29. Who is Jerry Cooper? - ? I saw you shaking hands with hem at the meeting. A. Dont you meet him yetB. Did