第二部分第十一讲构词法Word格式.docx

1、heartbreaking 使心碎的；peacekeeping 维护和平的过去分词manmade人造的；sunburnt晒伤的highclass高级的；fulltime全职的；longterm长期的goodlooking 好看的；easygoing 随和的warmhearted 热心肠的；simpleminded头脑简单的evergreen常青的；oversensitive 过于敏感的everlasting 永恒的；outstanding杰出的wellknown著名的；newlybuilt新建的数词firstclass头等的；secondhand 二手的anywhere 在任何地方；nowhe

2、re任何地方都不；somewhere 在某处；everywhere到处；upstairs在楼上；indoors在室内；however无论如何；whenever无论何时；somehow 不知怎么地；anyhow不管怎样；anyway不管怎样；anytime在任何时候；sometimes有时；nowadays现今；otherwise否则二、转化法把一种词性用作另一种词性而词形不变的方法叫做转化法。变化形式动词转化为名词look v看n.表情；dream v做梦n.梦名词转化为动词book n书v.预定；shoulder n肩膀v.负责任形容词转化为动词dirty adj.脏的v.弄脏；right

3、adj.正确的v.纠正化为名词total adj.全部的n.总数；quiet adj.寂静的n.寂静三、派生法派生法即由一个词根加上前缀或后缀构成另一个词。常见的前缀前缀作用或意义a加在名词前构成形容词或副词asleep睡着（的）aside在旁边ahead向前（的）em加在名词等前构成动词embed把牢牢地嵌入embody体现en加在名词或形容词前构成动词encourage鼓励 endanger危害enable使能够 enrich充实 enlarge扩大outoutclass远远高出outnumber（在数量上）压倒dis构成反义词disappear消失discourage使泄气disappo

4、int使失望ininactive消极的incorrect不正确的indirect间接的ilillegal非法的illiterate文盲的imimpossible不可能的impolite不礼貌的imbalance不平衡irirregular不规则的irresponsible无责任感的ununfit不适合的unfair不公平的unknown不出名的nonnonsmoker不抽烟的人 nonexistence不存在anti反，敌对antisocial反社会的 antiAmerican反美的bi两，双bilingual两种语言的bicycle自行车co共同，一起，相互coexist共存 coopera

5、te合作ex以前的，前任的expresident前任总统exhusband前夫exwife前妻extra在之外，越出，超出extraordinary非凡的extralarge特大的inter在中，相互international国际的 interact相互作用mis坏，错，不misdeed罪行 mistake弄错 misfortune不幸over在上面，超过，过分，在外overhead在头上方overrun泛滥overcoat长大衣post 后，次postwar战后的 postgraduate研究生pre前，在前，预先prehistory史前时期prewar战前的 preview预习re回复，反

6、对，隐秘，反复react反应resist抵抗remote偏僻的 retell复述super上（方），超，过分supermarket超市 superheated过热的常见的后缀后缀意义名词ability能力，可能性inability无能capability能力availability有效性age的状态，费用postage邮费package包裹 shortage不足an地方的人American美国人Korean韩国人ian地方的人，的专家Egyptian埃及人Asian亚洲人musician音乐家ist家，者artist艺术家communist社会主义者scientist科学家ism主义socia

7、lism社会主义realism现实主义idealism理想主义er与有关的人driver司机farmer农民thinker思想家oractor演员 sailor水手director导演eseChinese中国人Japanese日本人eeemployee雇员 refugee难民 interviewee受访者eerengineer工程师 volunteer志愿者 pioneer先锋ess女，雌，母actress女演员waitress女服务员 lioness母狮子ful充满的，的量armful（两臂或单臂的）一抱（的量） handful 一把（的量）ment的行为/组织movement运动 deve

8、lopment发展 government政府ness的状态/性质business商业illness疾病darkness黑暗ship的关系/性质friendship友谊leadership领导ownership所有制（t）ion为/动作action行为 collection收集 creation创造ure动/结果departure启程failure失败pressure压力sion为/结果conclusion结论 possession拥有impression印象形容able能的，提供的acceptable令人满意的comfortable舒服的valuable有价值的al属于的，具有特性的physi

9、cal身体的 national国家的political政治的的American美国的Italian意大利的Australian澳大利亚的ern表示方向southern南方的 northern北方的eastern东方的有性质的helpful有帮助的useful有用的careful仔细的ish国家/语言的，像似的English英语的foolish愚蠢的childish孩子气的ive具有性质的active积极的 creative创造性的expensive昂贵的y充满的，有cloudy多云的windy有风的dirty脏的less无，缺，没有careless粗心的harmless无害的useless无用

10、的some有倾向的handsome漂亮的tiresome累人的troublesome讨厌的动（e） n 使，变得widen加宽 strengthen加强 lengthen加长fy变成，使化beautify美化satisfy使满意simplify简化ize/ise使成状态apologize/apologise道歉organize/organise组织 realize/realise实现副ly以方式really真正地perfectly完美地suddenly突然地down向下地facedown面朝下地 palmdown手心朝下地ward（s）（表示方向） 向地forward向前 outwards向外

11、 eastward向东数词teen十几fourteen十四fifteen十五sixteen十六ty几十forty四十fifty五十sixty六十th第几fourth第四fifth第五sixth第六.按单词后括号内的词性要求变换单词1develop （v.） development （n.）2quiet （adj.）quietness（n.）3modern （adj.）modernize （v.）4imagine （v.） imaginative （adj.）5courage （n.）encourage （v.）6strong （adj.）strengthen_（v.）7convenient （

12、adj.）convenience （n.）8intend （v.）intention （n.）9reason （n.）reasonable （adj.）10forget （v.） forgettable （adj.）11summary （n.） summarize （v.）12service （n.）serve （v.）13terrible （adj.）terribly （adv.）14responsible （adj.）responsibility （n.）15threat （n.）threaten （v.）.给下列词通过加否定前缀或后缀变成意思相反的词1appear disappear2.

13、honest dishonest3careful careless 4.visible invisible5understand misunderstand 6.friendly unfriendly 7expected unexpected 8.logical illogical9regular irregular 10.violent nonviolent11possible impossible 12.able disable/unable13polite impolite 14.active inactive15valuable valueless.用所给词的适当形式填空1I made

14、 him _（comfort）on the back seat and offered him some water.答案：comfortable2Many of us are far more _ （interest） in talking than in listening.interested3On a _（sun）day last August，Tim heard some shouting.sunny4His _ （appoint） was at 10 am and it was already 8：30.appointment5Body language is the quiet，

15、secret and most _ （power） language of all!powerful6I was _（fortunate） enough to lose my keys.unfortunate7Im _（happy） with some of the farming methods being used so I want to change them.unhappy8She had been smoking _（heavy） since her teens.heavily9It inspired me to be more _（invent） with my own cook

16、ing.inventive10The whole process has now been greatly _（simple）simplified11She hoped that her son would become a _（music）musician12It can be very _（satisfy） to work in the garden.satisfying13The house was surrounded by a tall，_（wood） fence.wooden14Many college students work while they are studying b

17、ecause they want to make some money for their college _（expensive）expenses15Its _（correct） to address people by their first names at these formal events.incorrect.语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Dawn graduated several years ago.She had been a 1._（success） model，and 2._（find） a job had not

18、 been a problemuntil recently.When Dawn did start 3._（try） to find another type of job，she found in interview after interview that computer literacy（能力） was a must to 4._（employ）Since Dawn had always been afraid 5._ learning computer while in collegeour school didnt require to learn computer at that

19、 time.Finally，after months of searching for a job，Dawn had a 6._（fail）She had to admit that sidestepping（回避） computer literacy hadnt been a good idea.7._，she enrolled（登记，注册）in a computer course at 8._ adult vocational school.9_（surprise），although she had been afraid of learning computer，she took to

20、computers 10._ much that after about a year she opened her own computerbased business.1解析：根据model可知，应用形容词修饰该名词。successful2解析：根据had not been a problem可知，前面应为主语，故用动名词作主语。finding3解析：start doing “开始做某事”。trying4解析：to 为介词，后接名词。employment5解析：be afraid of “害怕”。of6解析：根据a可知，此处应为名词。failure7解析：表示结果“因此”。Therefore/Thus8解析：指在一家成年人学校。an9解析：副词作状语，修饰后面整个句子。Surprisingly10解析：修饰much，表示程度。so