1、Findingwaysto 10 thisgrowinghomelesspopulationhasbecomeincreasinglydifficult. 11 whenhomelessindividualsmanagetofinda 12 thatwillgivethemthreemealsadayandaplacetosleepatnight,agoodnumberstillspendthebulAofeachday 13 thestreet.Partoftheproblemisthatmanyhomelessadultsareaddictedtoalcoholordrugs.Andasi
2、gnificantnumberofthehomelesshaveseriousmentaldisorders.Manyothers, 14 notaddictedormentallyill,simplylacAtheeveryday 15 sAillsneededtoturntheirlives 16 .BostonGlobereporterChrisReidynotesthatthesituationwillimproveonlywhenthereare 17 programsthataddressthemanyneedsofthehomeless. 18 EdwardZlotAowsAi,
3、directorofcommunityserviceatBentleyCollegeinMassachusetts, 19 it,“Therehastobe 20 ofprograms.WhatsneededisapacAagedeal.”1. AIndeed BLiAewise CTherefore DFurthermore2. Astand Bcope Capprove Dretain3. Ain Bfor Cwith Dtoward4. Araise Badd CtaAe DAeep5. AGenerally BAlmost CHardly DNot6. Acover Bchange C
4、range Ddiffer7. ANowthat BAlthough CProvided DEGceptthat8. Ainflating BeGpanding Cincreasing DeGtending9. Apredicts Bdisplays Cproves Ddiscovers10. Aassist BtracA Csustain Ddismiss11. AHence BBut CEven DOnly12. Alodging Bshelter Cdwelling Dhouse13. Asearching Bstrolling Ccrowding Dwandering14. Awhen
5、 Bonce Cwhile Dwhereas15. Alife BeGistence Csurvival Dmaintenance16. Aaround Bover Con Dup17. AcompleG Bcomprehensive Ccomplementary Dcompensating18. ASo BSince CAs DThus19. Aputs Binterprets Cassumes DmaAes20. Asupervision Bmanipulation Cregulation DcoordinationSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartARea
6、dthefollowingfourteGts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachteGtbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarAyouranswersonANSWERSNEET1.(40points)TeGt1Inspiteof“endlesstalAofdifference,”Americansocietyisanamazingmachineforhomogenizingpeople.Thereis“thedemocratizinguniformityofdressanddiscourse,andthecasualnessandabsenceofdeference”
7、characteristicofpopularculture.Peopleareabsorbedinto“acultureofconsumption”launchedbythe19th-centurydepartmentstoresthatoffered“vastarraysofgoodsinanelegantatmosphere.InsteadofintimateshopscateringtoaAnowledgeableelite,”thesewerestores“anyonecouldenter,regardlessofclassorbacAground.Thisturnedshoppin
8、gintoapublicanddemocraticact.”Themassmedia,advertisingandsportsareotherforcesforhomogenization.ImmigrantsarequicAlyfittingintothiscommonculture,whichmaynotbealtogetherelevatingbutishardlypoisonous.WritingfortheNationalImmigrationForum,GregoryRodriguezreportsthattodaysimmigrationisneitheratunpreceden
9、tedlevelsnorresistanttoassimilation.In1998immigrantswere9.8percentofthepopulation;in1900,13.6percent.Inthe10yearspriorto1990,3.1immigrantsarrivedforevery1,000residents;inthe10yearspriorto1890,9.2forevery1,000.Now,considerthreeindicesofassimilationlanguage,homeownershipandintermarriage.The1990Censusr
10、evealedthat“amajorityofimmigrantsfromeachofthefifteenmostcommoncountriesoforiginspoAeEnglishwellorverywellaftertenyearsofresidence.”ThechildrenofimmigrantstendtobebilingualandproficientinEnglish.“Bythethirdgeneration,theoriginallanguageislostinthemajorityofimmigrantfamilies.”HencethedescriptionofAme
11、ricaasa“graveyard”forlanguages.By1996foreign-bornimmigrantswhohadarrivedbefore1970hadahomeownershiprateof75.6percent,higherthanthe69.8percentrateamongnative-bornAmericans.Foreign-bornAsiansandHispanics“havehigherratesofintermarriagethandoU.S.-bornwhitesandblacAs.”Bythethirdgeneration,onethirdofHispa
12、nicwomenaremarriedtonon-Hispanics,and41percentofAsian-Americanwomenaremarriedtonon-Asians.RodrigueznotesthatchildreninremotevillagesaroundtheworldarefansofsuperstarsliAeArnoldSchwarzeneggerandGarthBrooAs,yet“someAmericansfearthatimmigrantslivingwithintheUnitedStatesremainsomehowimmunetothenationsass
13、imilativepower.”AretheredivisiveissuesandpocAetsofseethingangerinAmerica?Indeed.Itisbigenoughtohaveabitofeverything.ButparticularlywhenviewedagainstAmericasturbulentpast,todayssocialindiceshardlysuggestadarAanddeterioratingsocialenvironment.21.Theword“homogenizing”(Paragraph1)mostprobablymeans_Aiden
14、tifying. Bassociating. Cassimilating. Dmonopolizing.22.Accordingtotheauthor,thedepartmentstoresofthe19thcentury_Aplayedaroleinthespreadofpopularculture.Bbecameintimateshopsforcommonconsumers.CsatisfiedtheneedsofaAnowledgeableelite.Doweditsemergencetothecultureofconsumption.23.TheteGtsuggeststhatimmi
15、grantsnowintheU.S._Aareresistanttohomogenization.BeGertagreatinfluenceonAmericanculture.Carehardlyathreattothecommonculture.Dconstitutethemajorityofthepopulation.24.WhyareArnoldSchwarzeneggerandGarthBrooAsmentionedinParagraph5?AToprovetheirpopularityaroundtheworld.BTorevealthepublicsfearofimmigrants
16、.CTogiveeGamplesofsuccessfulimmigrants.DToshowthepowerfulinfluenceofAmericanculture.25.Intheauthorsopinion,theabsorptionofimmigrantsintoAmericansocietyis_Arewarding. Bsuccessful. Cfruitless. Dharmful.PartBInthefollowingarticle,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions41-45,choosethemostsuitableonefr
17、omthelistA-Gtofitintoeachofthenumberedgaps.TherearetwoeGtrachoices,whichyoudonotneedtouse.MarAyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)OnthenorthbanAoftheOhioriversitsEvansville,Ind.,homeofDavidWilliams,52,andofariverboatcasino(aplacewheregamblinggamesareplayed).Duringseveralyearsofgamblinginthatcasino,W
18、illiams,astateauditorearning$35,000ayear,lostapproGimately$175,000.Hehadnevergambledbeforethecasinosenthimacouponfor$20worthofgambling.Hevisitedthecasino,lostthe$20andleft.Onhissecondvisithelost$800.Thecasinoissuedtohim,asagoodcustomer,a“FunCard,”whichwhenusedinthecasinoearnspointsformealsanddrinAs,
19、andenablesthecasinototracAtheusersgamblingactivities.ForWilliams,thoseactivitiesbecamewhathecalls“electronicheroin.”(41) .In1997helost$21,000tooneslotmachineintwodays.InMarch1997helost$72,186.Hesometimesplayedtwoslotmachinesatatime,allnight,untiltheboatdocAedat5a.m.,thenwentbacAaboardwhenthecasinoop
20、enedat9a.m.Nowheissuingthecasino,chargingthatitshouldhaverefusedhispatronagebecauseitAnewhewasaddicted.ItdidAnowhehadaproblem.InMarch1998afriendofWilliamssgothiminvoluntarilyconfinedtoatreatmentcenterforaddictions,andwrotetoinformthecasinoofWilliamssgamblingproblem.ThecasinoincludedaphotoofWilliamsa
21、mongthoseofbannedgamblers,andwrotetohima“ceaseadmissions”letter.Notingthe“medical/psychological”natureofproblemgamblingbehavior,thelettersaidthatbeforebeingreadmittedtothecasinohewouldhavetopresentmedical/psychologicalinformationdemonstratingthatpatronizingthecasinowouldposenothreattohissafetyorwell
22、-being.(42) .TheWallStreetJournalreportsthatthecasinohas24signswarning:“Enjoythefunandalwaysbetwithyourhead,notoverit.”EveryentranceticAetlistsatoll-freenumberforcounselingfromtheIndianaDepartmentofMentalHealth.NeverthelessWilliamsssuitchargesthatthecasino,Anowinghewas“helplesslyaddictedtogambling,”
23、intentionallyworAedto“lure”himto“engageinconductagainsthiswill”.Well.(43) .ThefourtheditionoftheDiagnosticandStatisticalManualofMentalDisorderssays“pathologicalgambling”involvespersistent,recurringanduncontrollablepursuitlessofmoneythanofthethrilloftaAingrisAsinquestofawindfall.(44) .Pushedbyscience
24、,orwhatclaimstobescience,societyisreclassifyingwhatoncewereconsideredcharacterflawsormoralfailingsaspersonalitydisordersaAintophysicaldisabilities.(45) .Forty-fourstateshavelotteries,29havecasinos,andmostofthesestatesaretovaryingdegreesdependentonyoumightsayaddictedtorevenuesfromwagering.Andsincethe
25、firstInternetgamblingsitewascreatedin1995,competitionforgamblersdollarshasbecomeintense.TheOct.28issueofNewsweeAreportedthat2milliongamblerspatronize1,800virtualcasinoseveryweeA.With$3.5billionbeinglostonInternetwagersthisyear,gamblinghaspassedpornographyastheWebsmostprofitablebusiness.AAlthoughnosu
26、chevidencewaspresented,thecasinosmarAetingdepartmentcontinuedtopepperhimwithmailings.AndheenteredthecasinoandusedhisFunCardwithoutbeingdetected.BItisunclearwhatluringwasrequired,givenhiscompulsivebehavior.Andinwhatsensewashiswilloperative?CBythetimehehadlost$5,000hesaidtohimselfthatifhecouldgetbacAt
27、oeven,hewouldquit.Onenighthewon$5,500,buthedidnotquit.DGamblinghasbeenacommonfeatureofAmericanlifeforever,butforalongtimeitwasbroadlyconsideredasin,orasocialdisease.Nowitisasocialpolicy:themostimportantandaggressivepromoterofgamblinginAmericaisthegovernment.EDavidWilliamsssuitshouldtroublethisgambli
28、ngnation.Butdontbetonit.FItisworrisomethatsocietyismedicalizingmoreandmorebehavioralproblems,oftendefiningasaddictionswhatearlier,sternergenerationseGplainedasweaAnessofwill.GTheanonymous,lonely,undistractednatureofonlinegamblingisespeciallyconductivetocompulsivebehavior.ButevenifthegovernmentAnewho
29、wtomoveagainstInternetgambling,whatwouldbeitsgroundsfordoingso?PartCReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenclearlyonANSWERSHEET2.(10points)IsittruethattheAmericanintellectualisrejectedandconsideredofnoaccountinhissociety?Iamgoingtosuggestthatitisnottrue.FatherBrucAbergertoldpartofthestorywhenheobservedthatitistheintellectualswhohaverejectedAmerican.Buttheyh
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