英语现在进行时过去进行时一般完成时讲解Word文档下载推荐.docx

1、She is learning piano under Mr. Smith.C.已经确定或安排好的将来活动（按安排计划近期内即将发生的动作）Im leaving for a trek in Nepal next week.（已经安排了）were flying to Paris tomorrow.（票已经拿到了）注意：此用法中的动词一般是表示位移的动作，如come ,leave ,fly ,go等D. 有些非持续性动词的进行时可以表示动作即将进行或发生，或表示动作的重复。He is joining the army. 他要参军了。They are buying the house. 他们要买那座

2、房子。E. 当现在进行时中有always, forever, constantly, continually修饰时，表示说话人的赞赏或厌烦的感情。如:Why is the baby always crying? 为什么那个老是在哭。They are always helping us. 他们总是帮助我们。表示状态、感觉、心理活动的静态动词，一般不使用语进行时态。F. 某些表示希望或想法的动词（如hope, wonder, want等）的进行时可以表示委婉客气。Im wondering whether you can help us now. 我不知道你现在能否给我们帮一忙。Im hoping

3、that you will succeed. 我正在希望你成功呢G. （3） 表示短促动作的动词（如 jump, knock, beat, pick, skip等）的进行时，表示动作的重复。The girls are jumping over there. 女孩子们在那边跳。His heart is beating fast. 他的心脏跳得很快。3.有些动词（状态动词不用于进行时态）1.表示知道或了解的动词:believe,doubt,forget,imagine,know, remember,realize,suppose,understand2.表示“看起来”“看上去appear,rese

4、mble,seem3表示喜爱或不喜爱hate,like.lover.prefer4表示构成或来源的动词 be come from.contain,include5表示感官的动词 hear see smell sound taste6表示拥有的动词belong to.need.own .possess.want wish7.表示渐变的动词有：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等【No. 1】现在进行时的构成现在进行时由be+v-ing构成。be应为助动词，初学者最容易漏掉，它应与主语的人称和数保持一致。【No. 2】现在进行时的应用在实际运用时，现在进

5、行时常用以下几种情况：（1）当句子中有now时，常表示动作正在进行，这时要用现在进行时。They are playing basketball now.现在他们正在打篮球。（2）以look, listen开头的句子，提示我们动作正进行，这时要用现在进行时。Listen！She is singing an English song.听，她正在唱英语歌。（3）表示当前一段时间或现阶段正在进行的动作，且此时有this week, these days等时间状语，这时常用现在进行时。We are making model planes these days.这些天我们在做飞机模型。（4）描述图片中的人

6、物的动作，也为了表达更生动。此时也常用现在进行时。Look at the picture. The children are flying kites in the park.看这幅图，那些孩子正在公园放风筝。【No. 3】现在进行时的变化肯定句式：主语+be（ am, is, are）+现在分词+其它.否定句式：主语+be（am, is, are） +not +现在分词+其它.一般疑问句：Be（am, is, are） +主语+现在分词+其它？特殊疑问句：疑问词+be（am, is, are）+主语+现在分词+其它？对现在进行时的特殊疑问句的回答，它不可以用Yes或No直接作答，要根据实际情

7、况回答。4. 现在进行时与一般现在时的区别（1） 现在进行时强调目前正在进行的动作，而一般现在时强调经常性或习惯性的动作。Im reading a story now. 我在看一个故事。（目前正在干的事情）I read stories in my spare time. 我有空时看故事。（经常性的行为）（2） 现在进行时强调现阶段一直在进行的动作，而一般现在时只表动作的重复，而不表示动作的持续。What are you doing these days? 这几天你在干什么？They are learning English in the summer holiday. 他们暑假在学英语。The

8、y read English every day. 他们每天读英语。They play volleyball every Sunday. 他们每周星期天都打排球。（3）现在进行时用来谈论暂时的情况，一般现在时用来表示永久的情况，或经常发生的事情或习惯 Hesnotworkingveryhardatthemoment. （目前工作不努力） Hedoesntworkhard.（通常工作不努力） （4）讲故事、评论事情、解说体育运动等用一般现在时来叙述故事中一件又一件发生的事情 Harrisonshoots,butballhitspostandJacksonclear.（哈里森射门，但是球碰倒柱子上

9、，接着杰克逊解了围）练习题1）Jack is _with Jim. They are good_.A: running ; friend; B:friends; C:friends D :run ;friends2）The Greens _supper now.A :is having B: are; having C: is haveing D: having3）我们正在做第一课的练习。We_ _the exercises oF the_lesson.4）李先生是我的英语启蒙老师。Mr Li is my_ _teacher.5）你有支黑的吗？Do you have a _ _?6）对不起我来

10、晚了 Im_that I came_here?过去进行时过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内进行或发生的动作。其形式为was /were + V-ing。常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如：last night, last Saturday等；或者与when, while, as引导的过去时间状语连用。基本用法1. 过去进行时的基本用法主要表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作。 He fell asleep when he was reading. 他看书时睡着了。 2. 用过去进行时表示现在主要是为了使语气委婉、客气。I was wondering if you could give me a

11、lift. 我不知你能否让我搭一下车。【注】一般过去时也有类似用法，但比较而言，用过去进行时显得更客气，更不肯定。3. 过去进行时表示感情色彩与现在进行时相似，过去进行时也可表示满意、称赞、惊讶、厌恶等感情色彩，也通常与 always, forever, continually等副词连用。They were always quarrelling. 他们老是吵架。4. 动词be的过去进行时动词be的进行时也可表示过去一时的表现或暂时的状态。比较：He was friendly. 他很友好。（指过去长期如此） He was being friendly. 他当时显得很友好。（指当时一时的表现） 补

12、充：when 的后面加一般过去时，而且动词是不延续性动词。 while 的后面加过去进行时，动词是延续性动词。特殊用法1、当句子意思很清楚时，我们也可以把两个动词都换成一般过去时 We listened carefully while the teacher read the text. 老师读课文时，我们都仔细地听着。2、表示按计划、安排过去将要发生的事。用于come, go, leave, start, arrive等表示位置转移的动词时，也可以用过去进行时表示过去将要发生的动作。He told me that he was going soon. 他告诉我他很快就要走了。3、表示故事发生

13、的背景。It was snowing as the medical team made its way to the front. 那支医疗小组往前线行进时，天正下着雪。4、表示一个新的动作刚刚开始。过去进行时可用来引出一个新的动作，这种用法颇有点儿像镜头转换。Five minutes later, he stood in the doorway smoking a cigarette. 5分钟后，他已站在门口抽着烟。5、过去进行时还可和when结构遥相呼应，含有意外之意。I was walking in the street when someone called me. 我正在街上走时突然

14、有人喊我。6、用来陈述原因或用作借口。She went to the doctor yesterday. She was having a lot of trouble with her heart.她昨天去看病了。她患了很严重的心脏病。7、与always, constantly等词连用，表示感情色彩。The girl was always changing her mind. 这女孩老是改变主意。常用的时间状语this morning, the whole morning, all day ,yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, wh

15、ile ,at that time,.just now，a moment ago My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself; It was raining when they left the station;吗 When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.练习题：1. Ted _ while he _ his bicycle and hurt himself.A. fell, was riding B. had fallen, ro

16、de C. fell, were ridingD. had fallen, was riding2. The reporter said that the UFO _ east to west when he saw it.A. was traveling B. traveled C. had been traveling D. has traveled3. When I arrived at his office, he _ on the phone.A. spoke B. was speaking C. had been speaking D. had spoken4. Tom _ int

17、o the house when no one _.A. slipped, was looking B. slipped, had lookedC. had slipped, looked D. was slipping, looked5She said she a paper kite at 7: 00 yesterday Amakes Bis making Cwill make Dwas making6I on the phone when a friend went into a barbers shop Atalked Bwas talking Ctalk Dis talking7.

18、As she _ the newspaper, Granny _ asleep. A. read ； was falling B. was reading； fell C. was reading； was falling D. read；fell8. He said he _ to draw a plane on the blackboard at that time.a. tries b. tried c. was trying d. will try9.他们刚才在干什么?现在完成时讲解一、基本结构：主语+have/has+过去分词（done） 肯定句：主语+have/has+过去分词+其

19、他否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句（have/has+主语+过去分词+其他）二、用法1） 现在完成时的完成用法现在完成时用来表示现在之前已发生过或完成的动作或状态,但其结果却和现在有联系,也就是说,动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在. He has turned off the light.他已把灯关了。（动作结束于过去，但说明的是现在的情况-灯现在不亮了。I have spent all of my money.（含义是:现在我没有钱花了.） Jane has laid the t

20、able.（含义是:现在桌子已经摆好了.） 2） 现在完成时的未完成用法指的是动作开始于过去某一时刻，一直延续到现在，或可能还要继续下去。这里的动词要用持续性动词。常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点）连用. Mary has been ill for three days. Mary has been ill since three days ago.注意:1.现在完成时不能单独与准确时间连用，（如表示过去的时间状语） 如yesterday（morning、afternoon）,last（morning、afternoon）等，除非与for, since连用.2.现在完成时往往同表示

21、不确定的过去时间状语连用,如already（肯定）, yet（否定，疑问）, just, before, recently, still, lately等:He has already obtained a scholarship. I havent seen much of him recently （lately）. We have seen that film before. Have they found the missing child yet ?3. 现在完成时常常与表示频度的时间状语连用,如ever, never, twice, several times等:Have you

22、ever been to Beijing I have never heard Bunny say anything against her. I have used this pen only three times. It is still good. George has met that gentleman several times.4. 现在完成时还往往可以同包括现在时间在内的时间状语连用,如up to these few days/weeks/months/years, just, up to present（now）, so far等:Peter has written six

23、 papers so far. Up to the present everything has been successful. 5. 现在完成时还可以用来表示过去的一个时间到现在这段时间内重复发生的动作. We have had four texts this semester. 6. have been to 和have gone to的区别have been to 强调“去过”，现已不在那里，如：He has been to the USA three times.他到美国去过三次。（过去“到美国”，现在已“不在美国”）have gone to主要强调的是“去了”，现在人不在说话的现场

24、，如：-Wheres your mother? -你妈妈在哪？-She has gone to the hospital. -她去医院了。has been in 一直在某地三、现在完成时考点例析现在完成时是较难掌握、考查较多的时态。涉及的考点有：一、考查其构成助动词have （has） +动词过去分词构成现在完成时。1. Kates never seen Chinese films，_ ? A. hasnt she B. has she C. isnt she D. is she2. His uncle has already posted the photos to him. （改为否定句）

25、His uncle _ posted the photos to him _. 3. -Ann has gone to Shanghai. -So _her parents. A. has B. had C. did D. have二、考查其用法与标志词（一）当句中有never, ever, just, already, yet, before等时，常用现在完成时。1. -Mum, may I go out and play basketball? -_you_ your homework yet?A. Do; finish B. Are; finishing C. Did;D. Have;

26、finished2. -_ you _anywhere before? -Yes, but I cant remember where I_A. Did; surf; surfed B. Have; surfed; surfed have surfed have surfed （二）当句中有for +段时间或since +点时间等时，主句常用现在完成时，谓语动词必须是延续性动词，若是非延续性动词，要改为延续性动词或表状态的词（短语）。1. His brother has been to Stone Forest twice_he came to Yunnan. A. after B. before C. since D. for2. Tom_the CD player for two weeks.A. has lent B. has borrowed C. has bought D. has had3. I_a letter from him sinc