文体学复习讲课教案.docx

1、文体学复习讲课教案文体学复习文体学复习Unit One1. Stylistics: A discipline that studies the ways in which language is used；it is a discipline that studies the styles of language in use.2. Subdivision of Stylistics: General and LiteraryUnit Two1. Why should we study Stylistics?A. It helps cultivate a sense of appropriat

2、eness.B. It sharpens the understanding and appreciation of literary works.C. It helps achieve adaptation in translation.Unit Three1. Dialects: Language variations that are associated with different users of the language.2. Registers: Language variations that are associated with the different use to

3、which they are put.3. Patterns of Dialects: Individual; Temporal; Regional; Social and Standard, among which Social dialect can be further divided into socioeconomic status, ethnic, gender and age variety.4. Patterns of Registers: Field of discourse; Mode of discourse and Tenor of discourse.Unit 51.

4、 Formality: It refers to the way in which the style of language will vary in appropriateness according to the social context: the occasion and the relationship between addresser and addressee.2. Two main factors that vary the degree of formality: Functional Tenor and Speech Situation.Functional Teno

5、r : tells us the addressers intention of using the language.Speech Situation: In order to choose an appropriate spot on the continuum, the speaker must assess the “speech situation”-the setting, purpose, audience, social relations, and topic.3. Martin Joos ClassificationA. the frozen level: written

6、legal documents or highly solemn speech.B. the formal level: used for public address such as lectures or speeches where the audience is not known to the speaker personally or where personal acquaintance is not acknowledged. C. the consultative level: Less formal gatherings such as committee meetings

7、 where status is still fairly clearly designed, but where participants interact.D. the casual level: Among friends, or peers who know each other well enough that little elaboration is necessary.E. the intimate level: between people who see each other daily and share the majority of their daily life

8、experiences.Unit 61. Distinctions among speech: Speech can be spontaneous (conversing v. monologuing) and non-spontaneous (sub-categorized as reciting).2. Distinctions among writing: The text that has been written may be written to be spoken as if not written (the lines in a drama), written to be sp

9、oken (scripts for sermons, speeches, lectures, news bulletins and commentaries), or even written not necessarily to be spoken with no relation to the spoken mode (telephone book or dictionaries), and written not necessarily to be spoken but with a relationship with the spoken mode(dialogue in a nove

10、l) .Unit 7 Conversation1. Grammatical features of conversationA. preference for short and loose sentencesB. high incidence of elliptical and incomplete sentencesC. frequency of interrogative sentencesD. simple nominal and verbal group structure2. Lexical featuresA. preference for short words and vag

11、ue expressionB. frequent use of colloquial items and idioms and a great many phrasal verbsC. use of lexical hyperbole and of slang3. Phonological featuresA. frequent use of some basic prosodic pattern( There is a high proportion of simple falling tones.)B. prosodic variation within the tone-unitC. f

12、requency of pause and uneven tempoD. free occurrence of paralinguistic effects4. Semantic featuresA. randomness of subject matter and general lack of planningB. cohesive device is very marked by the frequent use of personal pronoun reference, cross-reference using articles and determiners and use of

13、 coordinating conjunction.Unit 8 Public Speech1. Grammatical features of public speechA. variation in sentence length, as it reflects the emotional state of mind of the speaker and his/her effort to evoke an active response from the audience.B. various sentence types( most of them are statements, oc

14、casional questions are used; vocatives are used to add a touch of intimacy to the addresser-addressee relationship)C. more complex-looking group structures(nominal groups are more with postmodification than with premodification. 2. Lexical featuresA. using accurate and clean words( much use of abstr

15、act words or even big words) B. adaptation of wording to particular audienceC. less use of phrasal verbs3. Phonological featuresA. appropriate volume and pitch variationB. varying tempo and rightly time pauseC. rhythmic effectD. distinct articulationE. full use of non-verbal communication4. semantic

16、 featuresA. effective ways of organization( problem-solution order)Five steps of psychology of persuasion:Attention-Need-Satisfaction-Visualization-Action. Connectives in public speaking: the use of transitional phrases, internal previews and summaries, and the use of signpostsB. effective ways of deliveryparallelism: makes the statement clear, consis