1224八年级第一学期牛津英语知识点梳理及配套练习Word格式.docx

1、30. electronic calculator 电子计算器31. square roots 平方根32. be against 反对33. in a flash 立刻，马上34. do a calculation 作计算35. in ones whole life 在某人的整个一生中II. 英英解释1.ancient adj. many, many years ago 2.consist of be made up of 3.invent v. made for the first time4. accurate adj. without mistakes 5. international

2、 adj. used by more than one country or nation 6. system n. a group of things that work together 7.develope v. grow bigger8. calculate v. use numbers to find answers 9.represent v. stand for 10.powerful adj. strong 11.electronic adj. using electrons for power12.amazing adj. very surprising 1 3.solve

3、v. find an answer to 14. percentages n. amounts that are part of a hundred15. program v. give orders to a computer III. 词性转换1. power-powerful2. accurate- accurately3. calculate- calculation- calculating4. amaze- amazed- amazing5. develop-development6. electron-electronic-electric-electrical7. invent

4、- invention- inventor8. live- living-aliveIV. 语法数词的用法数词分基数词和序数词。基数词表示数目，序数词表示顺序。1. 基数词的用法（1） 基数词在句中主要用作主语、宾语、定语、表语、同位语，例如： Thirty of them are Party members.（主语） - How many would you like？ - Three ，please（作宾语） The nine boys are from Tianjing.（定语） Six plus four is ten.（表语） We four will go with you.（同位

5、语）（2） 表示一个具体数字时，hundred, thousand, million一律不用复数；在表示一个不确定数字时则用复数。例如：Our country has a population of 1,300 million people.There are three thousand students in our school.After the war, thousands of people became homeless. They arrived in twos and threes（3） 表示“十”的数词的复数形式可用来表示人的岁数或年代，例如： He is in his e

6、arly thirties He died still in his forties This took place in 1930s（4） 表示时刻用基数词。We get up at six. The workers begin work at eight.表示“几点过几分”，用介词past,但须在半小时以内。ten past ten, a quarter past nine, half past twelve表示“几点差几分”用介词to, 但分数须在半小时以上。twenty to nine, five to eight, a quarter to ten表示“几点几分”还可直接用基数词。s

7、even fifteen, eleven thirty2. 序数词的用法（1）序数词主要用作定语，前面要加定冠词，例如： The first truck is carrying a foot baskets John lives on the fifteenth floor（2）序数词有时用缩写形式： first1st second2nd third3rd fourth4th twenty-second22nd（3）由几个序数词和基数词在拼写时不对应，很容易写错，应特别注意。它们是：one-first, two-second, three-third, five-fifth, eight-ei

8、ghth, nine-ninth, twelve-twelfth。（4）表示年，月，日时， 年用基数词表示，日用序数词表示。1949年十月一日读作: October （the） first, nineteen sixty2008年九月十日读作：September （the） tenth, two thousand and eight（5）表示分数时，分子用基数词表示，分母用序数词表示。分子大于1时，分母加-s。three-fourths, one-second （a half）, two-fifthsChapter 5 Look it up I 词组1 useful encyclopaedia

9、 有用的百科全书2 know about 了解3 describe dinosaurs 描述恐龙4 look up 查阅5 buy her an encyclopaedia 买给她一本百科全书6 live on earth 住在地球上7 more than sixty million years ago 六千多万年前8 millions of dinosaurs 数百万只恐龙9 live everywhere 到处居住10 be harmless/harmful 无害的/有害的11 unlike most other dinosaurs 不象其他大多数恐龙12 leave behind 留下1

10、3 a famous amusement park 一个著名的游乐园14 in the United States of America .在美国15 Disneyland Parks 迪斯尼乐园16 be created by Walt Disney 由沃特迪斯尼创建17 be famous for 因而著名18 cartoon characters 卡通人物19 sell newspapers 卖报纸20 deliver mails 送信21 draw cartoons for films 为电影画卡通形象22 become rich and famous 变得富有和著名23 a famo

11、us thinker 一个著名的思想家24 own as few things as possible 拥有的东西越少越好25 kneel by a fountain 在一个喷泉旁跪下26 drink water from his hands 用手捧水喝27 throw away 扔掉28 become even happier 变得更加开心1 amusement park （ n ） : fun-fair” park with rides and games2 amusement （ n ）: something that gives people pleasure or fun3 cart

12、oon （ n ）: a drawing or film of drawings that usually makes you laugh4 character （ n ）: a person, animal in a book, play, film, etc5 created （ v ）: made or produced using body or mind6 delivered （ v ）: brought or took something to someone7 existed （ v ）: lived, were/was real8 finally （ adv ）: lastly

13、; in the end9 footprints （ n ）: marks made on the ground by a foot10 harmful （ adj. ）: causing harm11 harmless （ adj. ）: not causing harm12 jar （ n ）: a round container for holding food or drinks13 kneel （ v ）: go down on ones knees14 mail （ n ）: letters, parcels, etc., sent by post15 own （ v ）: to

14、have as ones belongings/property; to possess 16 skeleton （ n ）: the bones that support the bodyIII. 词性转换：1 Greece-Greek 2 harm-harmful-harmless3 amuse-amusement-amusing 4 think-thinker5 die-death-dead 6 fierce-fiercely7 happy-happiness 8 final-finally9 create-creation-creative-creator 10 exist-exist

15、ence 11 mouse-mice （ pl. ） 12 foot-footprint IV.重点句型：1 Some were as small as chickens. Others were as big as ten elephants.2 They were as gentle as sheep and ate plants.3 They were fiercer than tigers and ate meat, unlike most other dinosaurs.4 He taught that the way to be happy was to own as few th

16、ings as possible.5 One day, he saw a small boy kneeling by a fountain.6 So Diogenes threw away his cup and became even happier.7 Disneyland is a famous amusement park in the United States of America.8 Disneyland Park was created by Walt Disney.9 After leaving school and studying art at night, he sol

17、d newspapers and delivered mail.10 Walts most famous cartoon character, Mickey Mouse, was a real mouse.11 Soon Mickey became a star and Walt became rich and famous.V. 语法重点：1 this, that, these, those 的用法： 参见P67.2 可数名词、不可数名词的用法： 参见P68-69.3 be made of + material 参见P70.4 形容词、副词的原级、比较级和最高级。参见课文。Chapter 6

18、 Nobody Wins （I）I词汇1. unexplored . adj. 未被开发的 explore v. 勘探，开发2. spring v. 弹起3. trust v. 相信4. type n. 类、种类5. approach v. 接近6. favour n. 好处、喜爱 favourite a. 最喜欢的 7. captain n. 船长、队长8. lost a. 失去的lose v. 遗失、失去9. land v. 着陆10. trap n. 圈套、陷阱11. true a. 真实的truth n. 事实12. pilot n. 飞行员13. peace n. 和平peacefu

19、l a. 和平的14. valley n. 山谷15. laughter n. 笑、笑声laugh v. 笑16. smooth a. 光滑的、平坦的17. partly adv. 部分18. dull a. 无趣的、呆滞的19. monster n. 怪物、妖怪20. quarrel n./ v. 吵架、争论21. argue v. 争论、辩论 argument n. 争论22. offer v. 提供23. single a. 单一的、单个的24. frighten v. 使惊恐frightened a. 受惊的 frightening a. 令人恐怖的25. blood n. 血、血液2

20、6. cruel a. 残酷的、悲惨的27. steel n. 钢、钢铁28. custom n. 习惯、风俗29. spaceman n. 宇航员30. navigator n. 领航员31. cliff n. 悬崖32. storey n. 层33. earth-type 类似地球状的34. dawn n. 黎明、破晓35. magnet n. 磁铁36. bedside a. 床旁的37. hop v. 单脚跳38. kangaroo n. 袋鼠39. glowing a. 发光的40. roar v. 吼叫、怒号41. alien n. 外星人42. rocket n. 火箭43. t

21、elescope n. 望远镜44. comet n. 彗星II 词组1. be sure 确信2. be lost 迷路3. be in trouble 处于麻烦中4. all over 全部5. rub out of 用完6. towards evening 傍晚时分 7. land on 着陆8. close to 接近9. two storeys high 两层楼高10. on the bed 在床上11. have a bath 洗澡12. on the bedside table 在床头柜上13. get out of 从 出去14. hop in 跳进来15. look like

22、 看起来像16. except that 除了之外17. turn to/towards sb. 转向某人18. turn round/around 转身19. give a roar 发出吼声20. turn ones blood into ice 将某人的血变成冰21. in the valley 在山谷中22. press a button 按按钮23. on the wall 在墙上24. spring from the ground 从地上跃起25. in a trap 在陷阱里26. pull the guns from ones hands 从某人手里拔枪27. have a p

23、lan 有个计划28. come in peace 为了和平来29. roar with laughter 边笑边嚷30. be in pieces 被撕成粉碎31. do sb. a favour 帮助某人32. find the way 探明道路33. take off 起飞had better （not） do sth 最好（不）做某事III句型1. He often tells his friends stories of his adventures.2. tell sb. sth.告诉某人某事注意tell, say, speak, talk的区别*say 注重说话的内容，主要搭配有

24、say sth., say +直接引语, say + that引导的间接语。*speak强调说话的方式、地点、能力、动作和说话的人。一般表示“演说，演讲，讲话”时，它是不及物动词。作及物动词时，后面可加某种语言，如speak Chinese等。*tell 把某事告诉某人，叫某人做某事。常见搭配有tell sb. sth., tell sb. to do sth.tell sb. that从句，tell还有“分辨”的意思，例tell the difference*talk 指两者或多人的交流或交谈,搭配有talk to sb.（强调一人讲，多人听）,talk with sb.（相互间交流）等。2

25、. Peters, our navigator, was lost again.*our navigator是插入语（同位语），补充说明Peters的身份。例Miss Li, our English teacher, came in.*be lost“迷路，迷失方向”，lose ones way也表示“迷路”。3. We were running out of food, so towards evening, we landed on an unexplored planet.我们 的食物快没了，临近夜晚，我们在一个未经探索的行星上着陆。* run out of : finish or us

26、e up 用尽 e.g. Were running out of bread today.* unexplored （adj.） : never visited before 未开发的e.g. The Moon was unexplored before Armstrong and Aldrin landed on it.在Armstrong和Aldrin登月前，月球是未被探索过的领域。* towards evening将近傍晚，天快黑时。在这里towards是“（时间）近.，左右”的 意思。例：towards one oclock 将近一点钟* explore（v.） 勘探4. close to : near 接近e.g. I live close to my office.我住得离办公室很近。She was hot so she sat close to the air-conditioner.她很热，所以她坐在空调旁边。5. storey（n.） : floor or level of a building 楼层