1、2)不能与自身相比较。应借助other或else来表达排除。Beckham is more popular than any football player in the world.(误) Beckham is more popular than any other football player in the world(正)Beckham is more popular than all the other football players in the world.(正)Beckham is more popular than any football player, else in
2、the world.(正)Beckham is the most popular football player in the world.(正)3)形容词和副词的比较级前可以用以下单词来修饰:much, even, far, a bit, a little, a lot,still等。This pair of shoes is even cheaper.The new textbook is a little thicker than the old one.He is five years younger than I.4)在比较级的句子中出现“of the two”之类的结构时,比较级前
3、也需加定冠词the。He is the shorter of the two boys.Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia?5)“比较级+ and+比较级”结构,表示“越来越”,多音节词则要用“more+ and+more+原级”。A block of ice is becoming smaller and smaller.I am more and more interested in history.6)“the+比较级,the+比较级”结构,表示“越是就越”。The sooner, the better.(越快越好。)The
4、busier he is, the happier he feels.III 多数形容词(性质形容词)和副词有比较级和最高级的变化,即原级、比较级和最高级,用来表示事物的等级差别。原级即形容词的原形,比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。构成法原级比较级最高级一般单音节词末尾加-er,-esttall(高的)great(巨大的)tallergreatertallestgreatest以不发音的e结尾的单音词和少数以- le结尾的双音节词只加-r,-stnice(好的)large(大的)able(有能力的)nicerlargerablernicestlargestablest以一个辅音字母结
5、尾的闭音节单音节词,双写结尾的辅音字母,再加-er,-estbig(大的)hot(热的)biggerhotterbiggesthottest以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节词,改y为i,再加-er,-esteasy(容易的)busy(忙的)easierbusiereasiestbusiest少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词未尾加-er,-estclever(聪明的)narrow(窄的)cleverer narrowercleverestnarrowest其他双音节词和多音节词,在前面加more,most来构成比较级和最高级。important(重要的)easily(容易地)more importa
6、ntmore easilymost importantmost easily2)不规则变化原级 比较级 最高级 good(好的)well(健康的)betterbestbad(坏的)ill(有病的)worse worst old(老的)older/elder oldest/eldest much/many(多的)more most little(少的)less least far(远的) farther/further farthest/furthest 英语中形容词和副词有三个比较等级,即原级,比较级和最高级。两者进行比较时,用比较级,“比更”。三者或三者以上进行比较时,用最高级“最”。一.形
7、容词或副词的比较级与最高级的变化规则。1)单音节词尾加er或est,变成比较级或最高级。new-newer-newest hard-harder-hardestgreat-greater-greatest 2)单音节词以e结尾的,只加r或st.large-larger-largest nice-nicer-nicestbrave-braver-bravest late-later-latest 3)以重读闭音节结尾,且词尾只有一个辅音字母的词,应双写这个辅音字母,再加er或est.fat-fatter-fattest big-bigger-biggesthot-hotter-hottest t
8、hin-thinner-thinnest4) 少数以“er”, “ow”等结尾的双音节词,末尾加er或est.clever-cleverer- cleverest narrow-narrower-narrowest)以辅音字母+y结尾的单词,先把y去掉,再加ier和iesteasy-easier-easiest happy-happier-happiestheavy-heavier-heaviest6)其他双音节词和多音节词,在前面加more,most来构成比较级和最高级 easilymore easilymost easily difficult-more difficult-most di
9、fficult不规则变化good-better-best bad/ill-worse-worstmany/much-more-most little-less-leastfar-farther-farthest二.用法。1)比较级只用于两者之间,常用于“比较级+than”结构中。e.g. He is fatter than I. She did it more carefully than he.2)最高级常用于“the +最高级+比较范围”e.g. She is the best student in the class.她是这个班里最好的学生。She sings (the) best in
10、 the class.她在这个班唱得最好。3)形容词最高级前必须加the, 副词最高级常可省略the.绝大多数形容词有三种形式,原级,比较级和最高级, 以表示形容词说明的性质在程度上的不同。形容词的原级: 形容词的原级形式就是词典中出现的形容词的原形。 例如:poor tall great glad bad 形容词的比较级和最高级: 形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在形容词的原级形式的基础上变化的。 分为规则变化和不规则变化。规则变化如下:1) 单音节形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。great (原级) greater(比较级) greatest(最高级) 2)
11、以 -e 结尾的单音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -r 和 -st 构成。wide (原级) wider (比较级) widest (最高级) 3)少数以-y, -er, -ow, -ble结尾的双音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。clever(原级) cleverer(比较级) cleverest(最高级) 4) 以 -y 结尾,但 -y 前是辅音字母的形容词的比较级和最高级是把 -y 去掉,加上 -ier 和-est 构成. happy (原形) happier (比较级) happiest (最高级) 5) 以一个辅音字母结尾其前面的元音字母发短元音
12、的形容词的比较级和最高级是双写该辅音字母然后再加 -er和-est。big (原级) bigger (比较级) biggest (最高级) 6) 双音节和多音节形容词的比较级和最高级需用more 和 most 加在形容词前面来构成。beautiful (原级)? difficult (原级) more beautiful (比较级) more difficult (比较级) most beautiful (最高级) most difficult (最高级) 常用的不规则变化的形容词的比较级和最高级:原级 比较级 最高级 Good better best many more most much
13、more most bad worse worst little less least ill worse worst far farther(further) farthest(furthest) 形容词前如加 less 和 lest 则表示较不和最不important 重要 less important 较不重要 lest important 最不重要 busy -busier -busiestnoisy -noisier -noisiestcool -cooler -coolestfriendly -more friendly -most friendlyheavy-heavier -
14、heaviestnice - nicer- nicestold - older - oldestsafe - safer-safestsmall-smaller -smallestwet - wetter - wettestfamous - more famous - most famousgood -better -bestbeautiful -more beautiful - most beautifulpopular - more popular -most popularcrowded - more crowded - most crowdedbad -worse -worstcold
15、 - colder - coldestfoggy -foggier-foggiest形容词比较级的用法:形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较,其结构形式如下:主语+谓语(系动词)+ 形容词比较级+than+ 对比成分。 也就是, 含有形容词比较级的主句+than+从句。注意从句常常省去意义上和主句相同的部分, 而只剩下对比的成分。Our teacher is taller than we are. 我们老师的个子比我们的高。It is warmer today than it was yesterday. 今天的天气比昨天暖和。This picture is more beautiful th
16、an that one. 这张照片比那张照片漂亮。This meeting is less important than that one. 这次会议不如那次会议重要。The sun is much bigger than the moon. 太阳比月亮大得多。形容词最高级的用法:形容词最高级用于两个以上的人和物进行比较, 其结构形式为:主语+谓语(系动词)+the+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句。She is the best student in her class. 她是班上最好的学生。Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China
17、. 上海是中国最大城市之一。This is the biggest apple I have ever met. 这是我见到的最大的苹果。Tom is the tallest boy in his basketball team. 汤姆是他们篮球队中个子最高的孩子。有关形容词的几个特殊用法:most 同形容词连用而不用 the,表示 极,很,非常, 十分。s most dangerous to be here. 在这儿太危险。I cannot do it, its most difficult. 我干不了这件事,太难了。The+形容词比较级., the+形容词比较级.表示 越. 就越.The
18、more you study, the more you know. 你学的越多, 就知道的越多。The more I have, the more I want. 我越有就越想要有。The more, the better. 越多越好。 形容词比较级 + and + 形容词比较级 , 表示 越来越. s getting hotter and hotter. 天气越来越热了. s pity he is getting poorer and poorer. 真可怜他越来越穷了。The computer is cheaper and cheaper. 计算机越来越便宜。The more and m
19、ore people focus on the meeting next year. 越来越多的人关注明年的会议。主语+谓语(系动词)+as+形容词原形+as+从句。表示两者对比相同。This box is as big as mine. 这个盒子和我的一样大。This coat is as cheap as that one. 这件衣服同那件衣服一样便宜。I study English as hard as my brother. 我同我兄弟一样学习努力。the + 形容词 表示某种人。He always helps the poor. 他经常帮助穷人。I like to have a ta
20、lk with the young. 我喜欢同年轻人谈话。The rich sometimes complain their empty life. 富人有时抱怨他们空虚的生活。The police led the old man across the street. 警察领老人横过马路。大多数形容词(性质形容词)和副词有比较级和最高级的变化,即原级、比较级和最高级,用来表示事物的等级差别。1) 规则变化 单音节词和少数双音节词,加词尾-er,-est来构成比较级和最高级。构成法 原级 比较级 最高级 一般单音节词 tall(高的) taller tallest 未尾加-er,-est gre
21、at(巨大的) greater greatest 以不发音的e结尾 nice(好的) nicer nicest 的单音词和少数 large(大的) larger largest 以- le结尾的双 able(有能力的) abler ablest 音节词只加-r,-st 以一个辅音字母 big(大的) bigger biggest 结尾的闭音节单 hot热的) hotter hottest 音节词,双写结 尾的辅音字母, 再加-er,-est 以辅音字母+y easy(容易的) easier easiest 结尾的双音节词,busy(忙的) busier busiest 改y为i,再加 -er,
22、-est 少数以-er,-ow clever(聪明的) cleverer cleverest 结尾的双音节词 narrow(窄的) narrower narrowest 未尾加-er,-est 其他双音节词和 important(重要的) 多音节词,在前 more important 面加more,most most important 来构成比较级和 easily(容易地) 最高级。 more easily most easily 2) 不规则变化 good(好的)/ better best well(健康的) bad (坏的)/ worse worst ill(有病的) old (老的)
23、older/elder oldest/eldest much/many(多的) more most little(少的) less least far (远的) farther/further farthest/furthest as + 形容词或副词原级 + as 1)在否定句或疑问句中可用so as。He cannot run so/as fast as you. 2)当as as 中间有名词时采用以下格式。as +形容词+ a +单数名词 as + many/much +名词 This is as good an example as the other is. I can carry
24、as much paper as you can. 3)用表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时,放在as的前面。This room is twice as big as that one. Your room is the same size as mine. 4) 倍数+ as + adj. + as 倍数+ then + of This bridge is three times as long as that one. This bridge is three times the length of that one. Your room is twice as large as min
25、e. Your room is twice the size of mine. 比较级形容词或副词 + than You are taller than I. They lights in your room are as bright as those in mine. 注意:1)要避免重复使用比较级。(错) He is more cleverer than his brother. (对) He is more clever than his brother. (对) He is clever than his brother. 2)要避免将主语含在比较对象中。(错) China is l
26、arger that any country in Asia. (对) China is larger than any other countries in Asia. 3)要注意对应句型,遵循前后一致的原则。The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing. It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out. 4)要注意冠词的使用,后有名词的时候,前面才有可能有名词。比较:Which is large, Canada or Australia?She is taller than her two sisters. She is the taller of the two sisters. 可修饰比较级的词 1)a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even等 2)还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。3)以上词(除by far)外,必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面。
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