1、undoubted(无疑的),unemployment(失 业)7. non- 加在形容词, 名词前non-existence (不存在),non-essential (不主要的),non-electrical(非电的)8. mis- 加在动词、名词之前misunderstand (误解) ,misjudge (误判),misleading (误导),misfortune (不幸)9. dis- 加地动词之前disappear(消失),disarm(解除武装),disconnect (失去联系)10. de- 加在名词, 形容词之前decolor (脱色, 漂白)11. anti- 加在名词、
2、形容词之前anti-Japanese(抗日战争),anti-social(厌恶社会的,反社会的),antidite(解毒药)12. counter- 加在名词、动词前counterattack(反 攻,反击),counteract(抵抗,阻碍),counterrevolution(反革命)(二)表示“前”的前缀1. pre:pre-exsiting (先于而存在的),pre-selection(选举前的),preface(前言)2. ante:anteroom(前室,接待室),antecessor(先行者,先驱 者)3. fore:forehaed(前额),foreground(前景),for
3、eman(工头, 领班),foresee(预见,先见),foretell(预言)4. pro:programme (计划),prologue(序幕)5. ex:ex-president(前任总统),ex-wife (前妻)(三)表示“后”“低”“下的前缀post:post-war(战后),post-position(后置词)sub:sub-editor(副编辑),sub-way(地铁),sub-conscious(下意识的),submarine(海下的), subtropical(亚热带的),subtitle(副标题)(四)其他前缀1. re:表示“回”“再”“向后”retranslate (
4、再译),reinforce (加强),reconstruct(重建),return(返回)2. retro:retrograde (倒退的),retrospect(回顾)3.co:表示“共同”“和”co-exist(共存),co-operate(合作),co-education(男女同校)4.inter:表示“相互”、“之间”interchangeble (可互换的),international(国际的)5.extra:表示“出”、“超出”extraordinary (非凡的),extramural(校外的),extrasensory(超感觉的)6. auto- 自:automatic (自动
5、的),autobiography(自传)7. tele-远:telegram(电报),telephone(电话),telescope(望远镜)8. 表示数量【bi-,di- 二】biyearly (二年一次的),biweekly(二周一次的)【tri- 三 】triangle(三角),tripod(三角架)【multi- 多】multi-colored (颜色多样的),multi-national(多国的)【centi- 百】centimeter(厘米)【milli- 千】millimeter(毫米)【kilo-千】kilowatt (千瓦),kilometer(千米)9 arch- 首领 :
6、archbishop(大主教),architect(建筑师)10. bene- 善,好:benefit(利益),benevolence (善意)11. homo- 同:homosexual(同性恋的),homograph(同形异义字)12. se- 分离:separation (分开),secure (安全的),sedition (煽动叛乱)二、后缀(一)名词后缀1. -ster,-eer,-er(or):意为从事某 种职业或参与某种活动的人例词:gamester,gangster,songster,engineer,profiteer,mountaineer, auctioneer,driv
7、er,teacher,director,actor,professor2. -let:意为小或者不重要的东西booklet,leaflet, starlet3. -ess:意为女性actress, poetess, hostess, paintress4. -hood:意为:时期boyhood,childhood,manhood5. -ship:意为才能, 状态, 资格, 品质等leadership,friendship,membership,lectureship, sportsmanship6. -ful:意为量cupful,handful, mouthful,spoonful7. -ti
8、on,-ion:意为1)状态, 行动等;2)机构等organization, foundation8. -ment:意为状态,行动等movement, enslavement, pavement9. -al:意为动作arrival, refusal, revival, recital, removal10. -age:意为程度, 数量等wastage,coverage, acreage,shrinkage,breakage, hostage11.-ness;-ity(ty):意为状态,品质happiness, usefulness, selfishness, kindness, rapidit
9、y, activity, sanity,changeability12. -ism:意为道义,主义,学说等idealism, impressionism,racism(二)形容词后缀1.-ful:意为充满,有useful, pitiful,hopeful, helpful, forgetful, thankful,fearful2. -less:意为没有speechless, childless, harmless, hopeless,meaningless3. -ly:意为有品质的manly, brotherly,friendly4. -like:意为像的childlike,statesma
10、nlike,tiger-like5. -y;-ish:意为像一般的meaty, sandy, silky, hairy, leafy, watery,foolish,girlish,blackish,thinnish6. -some:意为像一 样的;引起的;有品质的troublesome, burdensome, wholesome, tiresome, bothersome7. -able (ible):意为能的; 可以的changeable, readable,drinkable,comfortable,expansible,convincible8. -ed:意为有的wooded,poi
11、nted,moneyed, odd-shaped9.-al:意为有属性的,类型的cultural,personal,regional,musical10.-ary(ory):意为属于的, 与相连的revolutionary, imaginary, contradictory11. -ous:意为:富含.的;有.品质的; 像.的glorious,gracious12. -ic(ical):意为类的;属于的historic,historical,methodic,methodical, dramatic,heroic13. -ive:意为有属性的;有某种倾向的attractive, talkati
12、ve, restrictive,defensive,preventive,constructive,sensitive(三)动词后缀1. -ify:意为转为,变为beautify, diversify, simplify2. -ize;-en:意为使,变得modernize, popularize, legalize, hospitalize, symbolize, ripen,widen,heighten,threaten3. -ate:意为增加,使originate,validate, differentiate(四)副词后缀1.-ly:意为以方式happily, boldly,attentively, strangely2.-ward(s):意为表示方式或动作的方向onward(s),backward(s),earthward(s),homeward (s),eastward(s)
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