四级新题型选词填空及参考答案2DOCWord文档下载推荐.docx

1、C） doubtfullyD） exceptionsE） expandF） historicG） incrediblyH） poweringI） protectJ） reducedK） replaceL） senseM） shiftedN） supplyingO） vast2.As is known to all, the organization and management of wages and salaries are very complex. Generally speaking, the Accounts Department is _1_ for calculations o

2、f pay, while the Personnel Department is interested in discussions with the employees about pay.If a firm wants to _2_ a new wage and salary structure, it is essential that the firm should decide on a _3_ of job evaluation and ways of measuring the performance of its employees. In order to be _4_, t

3、hat new pay structure will need agreement between Trade Unions and employers. In job evaluation, all of the requirements of each job are defined in a detailed job description. Each of those requirements is given a value, usually in points, which are _5_ together to give a total value for the job. Fo

4、r middle and higher management, a special method is used to evaluate managers on their knowledge of the job, their responsibility, and their _6_ to solve problems. Because of the difficulty in measuring management work, however, job grades for managers are often decided without _7_ to an evaluation

5、system based on points.In attempting to design a pay system, the Personnel Department should _8_ the value of each job with these in the job market. _9_, payment for a job should vary with any differences in the way that the job is performed. Where it is simple to measure the work done, as in the wo

6、rks done with hands, monetary encouragement schemes are often chosen, for _10_ workers, where measurement is difficult, methods of additional payments are employed.AcompareBresponsibleCusefulDaddedEfindFreferenceGindirectHmethodIsuccessfulJcombinedKNecessarilyLcapacityMabilityNBasicallyOadopt3.Ameri

7、cans are proud of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform. Why are uniforms so _1_ in the United States?Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more _2_ than civilian（百姓的） clothes. People have b

8、ecome conditioned to _3_ superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears a uniform tends to _4_ more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the _5_ of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What an easier way is there for a nurse, a policem

9、an, a barber, or a waiter to _6_ professional identity（身份） than to step out of uniform? Uniforms also have many _7_ benefits. They save on other clothes. They save on laundry bills. They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes.Primary among the arguments against uniforms is

10、 their lack of variety and the consequent loss of _8_ experienced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without _9_, until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act _10_, on th

11、e job at least.AskillBpopularCgetDchangeEsimilarlyFprofessionalGcharacterHindividualityIinspireJdifferentlyKexpectLpracticalMrecallNloseOordinary4. As the pace of life continues to increase, we are fast losing the art of relaxation. But relaxation is _1_ for a healthy mind and body.Stress is a natur

12、al part of everyday life and there is no way to _2_ it. In fact, it is not the bad thing as it is often supposed to be. A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation and give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of _3_ that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.T

13、he amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some peoplw are not afraid of stress, and such _4_ are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first sight of _5_ difficulties. When exposed to stress, in whatever form, we reac

14、t both physically and _6_. In fact we make choice between flight or fight and in more _7_ days the choices made the difference between life or death. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme, but however little the stress, it involves the same _8_. It is when such a reaction lasts long

15、, through continued _9_ to stress, that health becomes endangered. Since we cannot _10_ stress from our lives it would be unwise to do so even if we could, we need to find ways to deal with it.A）exposureB）charactersC）answerD）chemicallyE）avoidF）psychologicallyG）primitiveH）transferI）unusualJ）controlK）

16、removeL）escapeM）responseN）backwardO）essential5.Video conferencing is nothing more than a television set or PC monitor with a camera. Through the video conferencing, not only your voice but also your face, the surroundings and any other graphic and physical _1_ can be captured and transmitted through

17、 the communication system with or without wires. Of course, when you go into the details, the technology involved is very _2_ and the subject matter littered with jargon. Such as ISDN （Integrated Services Digital Network）, POTS （Plain Old Telephone Service） or the _3_ behind bandwidth, latency and i

18、sochrony which are used to explain how video conferencing works. Good people communication is _4_ in any business, and the more interaction you can achieve, the more likely it is that your _5_ will be the right ones. Videoconferencing not only allows you to speak to people in different locations, bu

19、t also note _6_ expressions and gestures that let you know what the other person is really thinking. Meetings are made more _7_ by sharing documents and computer applications that a simple telephone cannot _8_._9_, organizations are discovering the competitive advantages and the power of videoconfer

20、encing. With advances in performance, economical pricing, the ability to _10_ essential meeting tools and connectivity to global telephone networks and standardized videoconferencing protocols, videoconferencing is now a practical reality for any organization.A）fortunatelyB）effectiveC）imagesD）articu

21、lateE）facialF）manageG）decisionsH）connectI）advancedJ）integrateK）progressiveL）conceptsM）picturesN） increasinglyO） important6.The typical pre-industrial family not only had a good many children, but numerous other dependents as well-grandparents, uncles, aunts and cousins. Such extended families were s

22、uited for survival in slow paced _1_ societies. But such families are hard to _2_. They are immobile. Industrialism demanded masses of workers ready and able to move off the land in pursuit of jobs, and to move again whenever necessary. Thus the extended family _3_ shed its excess weight and the so-

23、called nuclear family emerged-a stripped-down, portable family unit _4_ only of parents and a small set of children. This new style family, far more _5_ than the traditional extended family, became the standard model in all the industrial counties.Super-industrialism, however, the next stage of eco-

24、technological development,_6_ even higher mobility. Thus we may expect many among the people of the future to carry the streamlining process, a step further by remaining children, cutting the family down to its more _7_ components, a man and a woman. Two people, perhaps with matched careers, will pr

25、ove more efficient at navigating through education and social status, through job changes and geographic relocations, than tehordinarily child-cluttered family.A _8_ may be the postponement of children, rather than childlessness. Men and women today are often torn in _9_ between a commitment to care

26、er and a commitment to children. In the future, many _10_ will sidestePthis problem by deferring the entire task of raising children until after retirement.A）transplantB）solutionC）gaduallyD）transportE）elementalF）conflictG）continuallyH）mobileI）couplesJ）agriculturalK）includingL）compromiseM）requiresN）primaryO）consisting7.Many a young person tells me he wants to be a writer. I always _1_ such people, but I also explain that theres a big di