1、Although electronic means of payment may be more efficient than a payments system based on paper, several factors work 6 the disappearance of the paper system. First, it is very 7 to set up the computer, card reader, and telecornmunications networks necessary to make electronic money the 8 form of p
2、ayment Second, paper checks have the advantage that they 9 receipts, something thai many consumers are unwilling to 10 . Third, the use of paper checks gives consumers several days of float - it takes several days 11 a check is cashed and funds are 12 from the issuers account, which means that the w
3、riter of the check can cam interest on the funds in the meantime. 13 electronic payments arc immediate, they eliminate the float for the consumer.Fourth, electronic means of payment may 14 security and privacy concerns. We often hear media reports that an unauthorized hacker has been able to access
4、a computer database and to alter information 15 there. The fact that this is not an 16 occurrence means that dishonest persons might be able to access bank accounts in electronic payments systems and 17 from someone elses accounts. The 18 of this type of fraud is no easy task, and a new field of com
5、puter science is developing to 19 security issues. A further concern is that the use of e lectronic means of payment leaves an electronic 20 that contains a large amount of personal data. There are concerns that government, employers, and marketers might be able to access these data, thereby violati
6、ng our privacy.1. A However B Moreover C Therefore D Otherwise2. A off B back C over D around3. A power B concept C history D role4. A reward B resist C resume D reverse5. A silent B sudden C slow D steady6. A for B against C with D on7. A imaginative B expensive C sensitive D productive8. A similar
7、 B original C temporary D dominant9. A collect B provide C copy D print10. A give up B take over C bring back D pass down11. A before B after C since D when12. A kept B borrowed C released D withdrawn13. A Unless B Until C Because D Though14. A hide B express C raise Dease15. A analyzed B shared C s
8、tored D displayed16. A unsafe B unnatural C uncommon D unclear17. A steal B choose C benefit D return18. A consideration B prevention C manipulation D justification19. A cope with B fight against C adapt to D call for20. A chunk B chip C path D trailSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ARead the fol
9、lowing four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1In an essay entitled “Making It in America”, the author Adam Davidson relates a joke from cotton about just how much a modern textile mill has been automated: The a
10、verage mill only two employees today,” a man and a dog. The man is there to feed the dog is there to keep the man away from the machines.”Davidsons article is one of a number of pieces that have recently appeared making the point that the reason we have such stubbornly high unemployment and declinin
11、g middle-class incomes today is also because of the advances in both globalization and the information technology revolution, which are more rapidly than ever replacing labor with machines or foreign worker.In the past, workers with average skills, doing an average job,could earn an average lifestyl
12、e ,But ,today ,average is officially over. Being average just wont earn you what it used to. It cant when so many more employers have so much more access to so much more above average cheap foreign labor, cheap robotics, cheap software, cheap automation and cheap genius. Therefore, everyone needs to
13、 find their extra-their unique value contribution that makes them stand out in whatever is their field of employment.Yes, new technology has been eating jobs forever, and always will. But theres been an acceleration. As Davidson notes,” In the 10 years ending in 2009, U.S. factories shed workers so
14、fast that they erased almost all the gains of the previous 70 years; roughly one out of every three manufacturing jobs-about 6 million in total -disappeared.There will always be changed-new jobs, new products, new services. But the one thing we know for sure is that with each advance in globalizatio
15、n and the I.T. revolution, the best jobs will require workers to have more and better education to make themselves above average.In a world where average is officially over, there are many things we need to do to support employment, but nothing would be more important than passing some kind of G.I.B
16、ill for the 21st century that ensures that every American has access to poet-high school education.21. The joke in Paragraph 1 is used to illustrate_A the impact of technological advancesB the alleviation of job pressureC the shrinkage of textile millsD the decline of middle-class incomes22. Accordi
17、ng to Paragraph 3, to be a successful employee, one has to_A work on cheap softwareB ask for a moderate salaryC adopt an average lifestyleD contribute something unique23. The quotation in Paragraph 4 explains that _A gains of technology have been erasedB job opportunities are disappearing at a high
18、speedC factories are making much less money than beforeD new jobs and services have been offered24. According to the author, to reduce unemployment, the most important is_A to accelerate the I.T. revolutionB to ensure more education for peopleC ro advance economic globalizationD to pass more bills i
19、n the 21st century25. Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the text?A New Law Takes EffectB Technology Goes CheapC Average Is OverD Recession Is BadText 2A century ago, the immigrants from across the Atlantic inclued settlers and sojourners. Along with the many folks lookin
20、g to make a permanent home in the United States came those who had no intention to stay, and 7millin people arrived while about 2 million departed. About a quarter of all Italian immigrants, for exanmle, eventually returned to Italy for good. They even had an affectionate nickname, “uccelli di passa
21、ggio,” birds of passage.Today, we are much more rigid about immigrants. We divide nemcomers into two categories: legal or illegal, good or bad. We hail them as Americans in the making, or our broken immigrantion system and the long political paralysis over how to fix it. We dont need more categories
22、, but we need to change the way we think about categories. We need to look beyond strick definitions of legal and illegal. To start, we can recognize the new birds of passage, those living and thriving in the gray areas. We might then begin to solve our immigration challenges.Crop pickers, violinist
23、s, construction workers, entrepreneurs, engineers, home health-care aides and physicists are among todays birds of passage. They are energetic participants in a global economy driven by the flow of work, money and ideas .They prefer to come and go as opportunity calls them , They can manage to have
24、a job in one place and a family in another.With or without permission, they straddle laws, jurisdictions and identities with ease. We need them to imagine the United States as a place where they can be productive for a while without committing themselves to staying forever. We need them to feel that
25、 home can be both here and there and that they can belong to two nations honorably.Accommodating this new world of people in motion will require new attitudes on both sides of the immigration battle .Looking beyond the culture war logic of right or wrong means opening up the middle ground and unders
26、tanding that managing immigration today requires multiple paths and multiple outcomes. Including some that are not easy to accomplish legally in the existing system.26 “Birds of passage” refers to those who_A immigrate across the Atlantic.B leave their home countries for good.C stay in a foregin tem
27、poraily.D find permanent jobs overseas.27 It is implied in paragraph 2 that the current immigration stystem in the US_A needs new immigrant categories.B has loosened control over immigrants.C should be adopted to meet challenges.D has been fixeed via political means.28 According to the author, today
28、s birds of passage want_A fiancial incentives.B a global recognition.C opportunities to get regular jobs.D the freedom to stay and leave.29 The author suggests that the birds of passage today should be treated _A as faithful partners.B with economic favors.C with regal tolerance.D as mighty rivals.30 选出最适合文章的标题A come and go: big mistake.B living and thriving : great risk.C with or without :D legal or illegal:Text 3Scientis
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