跟单信用证统一惯例UCP600中英文文档格式.docx

1、UCP600中文版UCP600FOREWORDThis revision of the Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits （commonly called “UCP”） is the sixth revision of the rules since they were first promulgated in 1933.It is the fruit of more than three years of work by the International Chamber of Commerces （ICC） Commi

2、ssion on Banking Technique and Practice.ICC, which was established in 1919, had as its primary objective facilitating the flow of international trade at a time when nationalism and protectionism posed serious threats to the world trading system. It was in that spirit that the UCP were first introduc

3、ed to alleviate the confusion caused by individual countries promoting their own national rules on letter of credit practice. The objective, since attained, was to create a set of contractual rules that would establish uniformity in that practice, so that practitioners would not have to cope with a

4、plethora of often conflicting national regulations. The universal acceptance of the UCP by practitioners in countries with widely divergent economic and judicial systems is a testament to the rules success.It is important to recall that the UCP represent the work of a private international organizat

5、ion, not a governmental body. Since its inception, ICC has insisted on the central role of self-regulation in business practice. These rules, formulated entirely by experts in the private sector, have validated that approach. The UCP remain the most successful set of private rules for trade ever dev

6、eloped.A range of individuals and groups contributed to the current revision, which is entitled UCP 600. These include the UCP Drafting Group, which sifted through more than 5000 individual comments before arriving at this consensus text; the UCP Consulting Group,consisting of members from more than

7、 25 countries, which served as the advisory body reacting to and proposing changes to the various drafts; the more than 400 members ofthe ICC Commission on Banking Technique and Practice who made ertinentsuggestions for changes in the text; and ICC national committees worldwide which took an active

8、role in consolidating comments from their members. ICC also expresses its gratitude to practitioners in the transport and Insurance industries, whose perceptive suggestions honed the final draft.Guy Sebban Secretary GeneralInternational Chamber of CommerceINTRODUCTIONIn May 2003, the International C

9、hamber of Commerce authorized the ICC Commission on Banking Technique and Practice （Banking Commission） to begin a revision of the Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits, ICC Publication 500.As with other revisions, the general objective was to address developments in the banking, tran

10、sport and insurance industries. Additionally, there was a need to look at the language and style used in the UCP to remove wording that could lead to inconsistent application and interpretation.When work on the revision started, a number of global surveys indicated that, because of discrepancies, ap

11、proximately 70% of documents presented under letters of credit were being rejected on first presentation. This obviously had, and continues to have, a negative effect on the letter of credit being seen as a means of payment and, if unchecked, could have serious implications for maintaining or increa

12、sing its market share as a recognized means of settlement in international trade. The introduction by banks of a discrepancy fee has highlighted the importance of this issue, especially when the underlying discrepancies have been found to be dubious or unsound. Whilst the number of cases involving l

13、itigation has not grown during the lifetime of UCP 500, the introduction of the ICCs Documentary Credit Dispute Resolution Expertise Rules （DOCDEX） in October 1997 （subsequently revised in March 2002） has resulted in more than 60 cases being decided.To address these and other concerns, the Banking C

14、ommission established a Drafting Group to revise UCP 500. It was also decided to create a second group, known as the Consulting Group, to review and advise on early drafts submitted by the Drafting Group.The Consulting Group, made up of over 40 individuals from 26 countries, consisted of banking and

15、 transport industry experts. Ably co-chaired by John Turnbull, Deputy General Manager, Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation Europe Ltd, London and CarloDi Ninni, Adviser, Italian Bankers Association, Rome, the Consulting Group provided valuable input to the Drafting Group prior to release of draft te

16、xts to ICC national committees.The Drafting Group began the review process by analyzing the content of the official Opinions issued by the Banking Commission under UCP 500. Some 500 Opinions were reviewed to assess whether the issues involved warranted a change in, an addition to or a deletion of an

17、y UCP article. In addition, consideration was given to the content of thefour Position Papers issued by the Commission in September 1994, the two Decisions issued by the Commission （concerning the introduction of the euro and the determination of what constituted an original document under UCP 500 s

18、ub-article 20（b） and the decisions issued in DOCDEX cases. During the revision process, notice was taken of the considerable work that had been completed in creating the International Standard Banking Practice for the Examination of Documents under Documentary Credits （ISBP）, ICC Publication 645. Th

19、is publicationhas evolved into a necessary companion to the UCP for determining compliance of documents with the terms of letters of credit. It is the expectation of the Drafting Group and the Banking Commission that the application of the principles contained in the ISBP, including subsequent revis

20、ions thereof, will continue during the time UCP 600 is in force. At the time UCP 600 is implemented, there will be an updated version of theISBP to bring its contents in line with the substance and style of the new rules. The four Position Papers issued in September 1994 were issued subject to their

21、 application under UCP 500; therefore, they will not be applicable under UCP 600. The essence of the Decision covering the determination of an original document has been incorporated into the text of UCP 600. The outcome of the DOCDEX cases were invariably based on existing ICC Banking Commission Op

22、inions and therefore contained no specific issues that required addressing in these rules.One of the structural changes to the UCP is the introduction of articles covering definitions （article 2） and interpretations （article 3）. In providing definitions of rolesplayed by banks and the meaning of spe

23、cific terms and events, UCP 600 avoids the necessity of repetitive text to explain their interpretation and application. Similarly, the article covering interpretations aims to take the ambiguity out of vague or unclear language that appears in letters of credit and to provide a definitive elucidati

24、on of other characteristics of the UCP or the credit.During the course of the last three years, ICC national committees were canvassed on a range of issues to determine their preferences on alternative texts submitted by the Drafting Group. The results of this exercise and the considerable input fro

25、m national committees on individual items in the text is reflected in the content of UCP 600. The Drafting Group considered, not only the current practice relative to the documentary credit, but also tried to envisage the future evolution of that practice.This revision of the UCP represents the culm

26、ination of over three years of extensive analysis, review, debate and compromise amongst the various members of the Drafting Group, the members of the Banking Commission and the respective ICC national committees. Valuable comment has also been received from the ICC Commission on Transport and Logis

27、tics, the Commission on Commercial Law and Practice and the Committee on Insurance.It is not appropriate for this publication to provide an explanation as to why an article has been worded in such a way or what is intended by its incorporation into the rules.For those interested in understanding the

28、 rationale and interpretation of the articles of UCP 600, this information will be found in the Commentary to the rules, ICC Publication 601, which represents the Drafting Groups views.On behalf of the Drafting Group I would like to extend our deep appreciation to the members of the Consulting Group

29、, ICC national committees and members of the Banking Commission for their professional comments and their constructive participation in this process. Special thanks are due to the members of the Drafting Group and their institutions, who are listed below in alphabetical order.Nicole Keller Vice Pres

30、ident, Service International Products, Dresdner Bank AG,Frankfurt, Germany; Representative to the ICC Commission on Banking Technique and Practice;Laurence Kooy Legal Adviser, BNP Paribas, Paris, France; Representative to the ICC Commission on Banking Technique and Practice.Katja Lehr Business Manag

31、er, Trade Services Standards, SWIFT, La Hulpe, Belgium,then Vice President, Membership Representation, International Financial Services Association, New Jersey, USA;Ole Malmqvist Vice President, Danske Bank, Copenhagen, Denmark;Paul Miserez Head of Trade Finance Standards, SWIFT, La Hulpe, Belgium;R

32、epresentative to the ICC Commission on Banking Technique and Practice;Ren Mueller Director, Credit Suisse, Zurich, Switzerland; Representative to the ICCCommission on Banking Technique and Practice;Chee Seng Soh Consultant, Association of Banks in Singapore, Singapore;Dan Taylor President and CEO, I