1、 2)在(刚)的时候。 on reaching the city he called up his parents一到城里他就给父母打了一个电话。 3in 1)表示时段、时期,在多数情况下可以和dur- ing互换,前者强调对比,后者强调持续。 in(during)1988(december,the 20th century)在一九八八年(十二月、二十世纪) i returned to beijing in the middle of june我是六月中回北京的。 但如果表示在某项活动的期间,则只能用during。 during my military service(the trip)在我服
2、役期间(在旅行期间) 2)表示以说话时间为基点的(若干时间)以后,常用作将来时态谓语的时间状语。如这时要表示(若干时间)内,常用within。比较: the meeting will end in 30 minutes(三十分钟后)会议三十分钟后结束。 can you finish it within 30 minutes?(三十分钟内)你能在三十分钟之内完成这件事吗? 但在过去时态中,in可用于表在若干时间以内,这时不要误用during。 the job was done during a week(wrong) the job was done in a week(right)这工作在一星
3、期内就完成了。 4after表示在(某具体时间)以后,注意不要和in的2)意混淆。 after supper(8 oclock,the war)晚饭(八点、战)后 比较:he will be back in two hours他将在两个小时以后回来。 he returned to his hometown after the war战后他回到了故乡。 5for表示(动作延续)若干时间,有时可省略。 i stayed in london(for)two days on my way to new york在去纽约的途中,我在伦敦呆了两天。 6since表示自(某具体时间)以来,常用作完成时态谓语
4、的时间状语。 since liberation(1980)自从解放(1980年)以来 they have been close friends since childhood他们从小就是好朋友。 (1)since the war是指自从战争结束以来,若指自从战争开始以来,须说since the beginning of the war。 (2)不要将since与after混淆。 比较:he has worked here since 1965(指一段时间,强调时间段)自从1965年以来,他一直在这儿工作。 he began to work here after 1965(指一点时间,强调时间点
5、)从1965年以后,他开始在这儿工作。 7by表示到的时候,其谓语时态的用法:动作动词常用完成时态;状态动词(be)常用一般时态。 by noon,everybody had(will have)arrived there by noon,everybody were(will be)there 到中午的时候,大家都(将)到那儿了。 以上探讨了介词表示时间概念时的用法和比较,上述介词除表示时间概念外还有其他的用法,英语学习者必须掌握其各种用法,才能灵活运用,提高自己的语言能力。小学英语语法复习要点(一)一、名词复数规则1一般情况下,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, c
6、at-cats, bed-beds2以s. x. sh. ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes,watch-watches3以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries4以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives5不规则名词复数:man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-micechild-childrenfo
7、ot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese写出下列各词的复数 I _him _this _her _watch _child _photo _diary _day_ foot_ book_ dress _tooth_ sheep _box_ strawberry _thief _yo-yo _ peach_ sandwich _man_ woman_ paper_ juice_water_ milk_ rice_ tea_二、一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍 【No. 1】一般
8、现在时的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的构成1. be动词:主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。I am a boy.我是一个男孩。2.行为动词:主语+行为动词(+其它)。We study English.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时,要在动词后加-s或-esMary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢
9、汉语。一般现在时的变化1. be动词的变化。否定句:主语+ be + not +其它。如:He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑问句:Be +主语+其它。-Are you a student?-Yes. I am. / No, Im not.特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。Where is my bike?2.行为动词的变化。主语+ dont( doesnt ) +动词原形(+其它)。I dont like bread.当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesnt构成否定句。He doesnt often play.Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。- Do you
10、often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I dont.当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句。- Does she go to work by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she doesnHow does your father go to work?动词+s的变化规则cook-cooks, milk-milks2以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goesstudy-studies一般现在时用法专练:一、
11、写出下列动词的第三人称单数 drink _ go _ stay _ make _look _ have_ pass_ carry _come_ watch_ plant_ fly _study_ brush_ do_ teach_二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(like) the Wo
12、rld Cup?6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays?7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening.10. There _(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike _(like) cooking.12. They _(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt _(
13、look) after her baby carefully.14. You always _(do) your homework well.15. I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed.16. She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao _(do) not like PE.18. The child often _(watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term.20. What day _(b
14、e) it today? Its Saturday.三、按照要求改写句子1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)_2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)_3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句,作肯定回答)_4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)5. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句)6. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句)7. I like ta
15、king photos in the park.(对划线部分提问)8. John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问)9. She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改为否定句)五、改错(划出错误的地方,将正确的写在横线上)1. Is your brother speak English? _2. Does he likes going fishing?3. He likes play games after class. _4. Mr. Wu te
16、achs us English. _5. She dont do her homework on Sundays. _三、现在进行时1现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.3现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。4现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。5现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为:疑问词不达意 + be + 主语 + 动词ing? 但疑问词当主语时其结构为: 疑问词不达意 + be + 动词ing?动词加ing的变化规则1一般情况下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking2以不发音
17、的e结尾,去e加ing,如:make-making, taste-tasting3如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing,如:run-running, stop-stopping现在进行时专项练习:一、写出下列动词的现在分词:play_ run_ swim _make_go_ like_ write_ _ski_ read_ have_ sing _ dance_put_ see_ buy _ love_ live_ take_ come _ get_stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空:1.The boy _ ( dra
18、w)a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food now.4. What _ you _ ( do ) now?5. Look . They _( have) an English lesson .6.They _(not ,water) the flowers now.7.Look! the girls _(dance )in the classroom .8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _(
19、listen ) to music. 9. Its 5oclock now. We _(have)supper now10._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .三、句型转换:1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)_2The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)_3Im playing the football in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问)_4Tom is reading books in his stu
20、dy . (对划线部分进行提问)四、将来时理论及练习一、概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow(后天)等。二、基本结构:be going to + do;will+ do.三、否定句:在be动词(am, is, are)l后加not或情态动词will后加not成wont。例如:Im going to have a picnic this afternoon. Im not going to have a picnic
21、 this afternoon.四、一般疑问句: be或will提到句首,some改为any, and改为or,第一二人称互换。We are going to go on an outing this weekend. Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?五、对划线部分提问。一般情况,一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。1. 问人。Who 例如:Im going to New York soon. Whos going to New York soon.2. 问干什么。What do.例如: My father is going to wa
22、tch a race with me this afternoon. What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.3. 问什么时候。When.例如:Shes going to go to bed at nine. When is she going to bed?六、同义句:be going to = willI am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天). = I will go swimming tomorrow. 填空。1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a picnic
23、with my friends.I _ have a picnic with my friends.2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。What _ _ _ _ _ next Monday?I _ _ _ play basketball.What _ you do next Monday? I _ play basketball.3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗?是,她要去买一些水果。_ your mother _ _ go shopping this _?Yes, she _. She _ _ _ buy some fruit.4. 你们打算什么时候见面。What time _ you _ _
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